{"unique_supporters":5458,"home":{"Q15811211":"fr","Q984448":"fr","Q434509":"fr","Q45656365":"fr","Q108790663":"fr","Q320578":"us","Q718581":"us","Q163170":"us","Q510965":"us","Q131112":"us","Q18430":"us","Q6167693":"in","Q106096121":"se","Q77605455":"ar","Q3076265":"co"},"countries":[{"slug":"ar","iso2":"AR","name":"Argentina","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Seed research: national, provincial and sampled municipal sources. The map covers all 2,280 Georef local governments: 2,064 with IGN polygons and 216 with Georef location markers where boundaries are unavailable. Local research remains incomplete.","supporters":208,"evidence":227,"A":205,"B":3,"C":0,"units":2304,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":31,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":3,"polls":[],"map_source":"Instituto Geográfico Nacional Gobierno Local polygons; modified, matched by code or by name and Georef location, retrieved 2026-10-27. Coverage incomplete. Provincial outlines also from IGN, simplified and clipped to the continental map extent. Location markers for unmapped governments: Servicio Georef, https://www.argentina.gob.ar/georef, CC BY 4.0; coordinates projected and converted to markers.","map_licence":["Libre uso de la información, cumpliendo con la cita adecuada del Instituto Geográfico Nacional (free use with proper citation of the IGN)","https://www.ign.gob.ar/capas-sig/metadata/municipio.pdf"],"chambers":[["Cámara de Diputados de la Nación",257,29],["Senado de la Nación",72,9]],"featured":[],"types":{"politician":180,"business_leader":7,"union":5,"economist":3,"government_body":3,"party":3,"academic":3,"cultural_figure":3,"think_tank":1},"designs":{"one_off_levy":203,"wealth_tax_unspecified":5,"annual_net_wealth":1},"numeric":"032"},{"slug":"at","iso2":"AT","name":"Austria","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"","supporters":37,"evidence":37,"A":21,"B":15,"C":1,"units":2106,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":9,"updated":"2026-10-31","excluded":2,"polls":[{"support":65,"oppose":19,"scope":"Austria, residents aged 16 and over (2,000 people)","question":"Introduction of a tax on large wealth (agree, rather than disagree), asked among several tax proposals","question_original":"In der Politik werden unterschiedliche Ideen zum Thema Steuern diskutiert. Was denken Sie über die folgenden Vorschläge – sind Sie eher dafür oder eher dagegen? (Einführung Steuer auf große Vermögen)","pollster":"SORA Institute for Social Research and Consulting","commissioned_by":"Momentum Institut","fieldwork":"2022-07-26 - 2022-09-25","sample":"2,000 people aged 16 and over, representative","published":"2023-03","url":"https://www.momentum-institut.at/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/umverteilung-so-denken-die-vielen-sora-momentum-institut-marz-2023.pdf"}],"map_source":"Eurostat GISCO LAU 2024 / (c) European Union, 1995-today","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"],"chambers":[["Nationalrat",183,6]],"featured":[["A0010","Barbara Teiber","politician","Vorsitzende der Gewerkschaft GPA, Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat","Es ist allerhöchste Zeit für eine Millionärssteuer. Während Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer ihre Lohnsteuer automatisch abgebucht bekommen, bleiben superreiche Erben mit ihrem völlig leistungslosen Vermögen unberührt.","https://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20230906_OTS0133/gewerkschaft-gpa-teiber-millionaerssteuer-jetzt-fuer-mehr-gerechtigkeit","APA-OTS / Gewerkschaft GPA","2023-09-06"]],"types":{"politician":12,"union":5,"economist":5,"party":3,"ngo_campaign":3,"union_official":2,"think_tank":2,"wealthy_individual":2,"campaigner":2,"faith":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":28,"wealth_tax_unspecified":9},"numeric":"040"},{"slug":"australia","iso2":"AU","name":"Australia","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Initial research in progress. ABS 2025 local government areas and unincorporated areas, with 2021 states and territories. The australia slug avoids collision with the African Union at au.","supporters":50,"evidence":51,"A":42,"B":8,"C":0,"units":557,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":6,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":4,"polls":[{"support":74,"oppose":null,"scope":"Australia, adults","question":"A wealth tax on people with wealth of over $50 million","pollster":"YouGov","commissioned_by":"Oxfam Australia","fieldwork":"not stated in Oxfam's release","sample":"not stated in Oxfam's release","published":"2024-07-25","url":"https://www.oxfam.org.au/media-releases/top-1-percent-bags-over-40-trillion-in-new-wealth-during-past-decade-as-taxes-on-the-rich-reach-historic-lows/"}],"map_source":"Australian Bureau of Statistics, ASGS Edition 3, 2025 Local Government Areas and 2021 States and Territories; generalised for display. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/standards/australian-statistical-geography-standard-asgs/edition-3-july-2021-june-2026/access-and-downloads/digital-boundary-files","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Australian House of Representatives",150,1],["Australian Senate",76,6]],"featured":[["A0035","Richard Barnes","wealthy_individual","Anaesthetist and public tax campaign signatory","It would be levied annually, be based on net wealth, cast a wide net, have a threshold and be progressive.","https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2026/feb/11/australian-millionaires-super-rich-higher-taxes","The Guardian","2026-02-12"],["A0039","Alex White","campaigner","Campaign strategist and former UnionsACT secretary","With such extreme, toxic wealth inequality, it is beyond time for wealth taxes.","https://alexwhite.org/2026/01/do-we-need-wealth-taxes/","Alex White","2026-01-14"],["A0041","Susan Price","campaigner","Socialist Alliance national executive member and Green Left editor","This could be paid for by a wealth tax targeting the richest 10% in the Global North.","https://links.org.au/susan-price-socialist-alliance-australia-capitalism-incompatible-preventing-catastrophic-climate","Links International Journal of Socialist Renewal","2024-08-16"],["A0021","Lyn Morgain","campaigner","Former chief executive of Oxfam Australia","This is a sensible and serious proposal that is in every government’s strategic economic interest.","https://www.oxfam.org.au/media-releases/oxfam-reaction-to-zucman-report-to-brazils-g20-presidency-on-taxing-the-super-rich/","Oxfam Australia","2024-06-26"]],"types":{"politician":18,"economist":7,"campaigner":7,"journalist":4,"party":3,"academic":3,"wealthy_individual":3,"ngo_campaign":2,"think_tank":1,"union":1,"legal_tax_professional":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":28,"wealth_tax_unspecified":18,"billionaire_minimum":4},"numeric":"036"},{"slug":"be","iso2":"BE","name":"Belgium","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Scope: national (federal parliament, parties, unions, economists, NGOs), 3 regions (Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels), 10 provinces, and 581 municipalities (REFNIS codes). Seed pass R001. Review 2026-10-24 (R006): 41 rows removed, 4 regraded; 64 supporters remain. The one poll (80% for a wealth tax above EUR 1m, Dedicated/Ipsos for Le Vif and CNCD-11.11.11, Oct 2023) was removed because the source page could not be read and no other source for it was found.","supporters":64,"evidence":74,"A":56,"B":8,"C":0,"units":597,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":45,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":15,"polls":[],"map_source":"Eurostat GISCO LAU 2024 / © European Union, 1995-today","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"],"chambers":[["Chamber of Representatives",150,28],["Senate of Belgium",60,2]],"featured":[["A0047","Kim De Witte","politician","Member of the Chamber of Representatives, pensions specialist","Zo’n minimumpensioen is wél betaalbaar, als we de grootste vermogens een kleine bijdrage laten betalen met een miljonairstaks.","https://www.pvda.be/nieuws/factcheck-het-minimumpensioen-van-1500-euro-van-vivaldi-bedraagt-1225-euro","PVDA","2021-10-14"],["A0069","Ellen Roelandts","academic","Sociologist and public opinion researcher, KU Leuven","Al sinds 1999 is er een breed publiek draagvlak voor een zuivere vermogensbelasting.","https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/36ed704c-c2ca-4f70-ab8b-82d4237b12af","KU Leuven Lirias","2016-01-01"],["A0037","Jos D’Haese","politician","Group Leader of PVDA in the Flemish Parliament, Municipal Councillor in Antwerp","Er is maar één taks die jullie vergeten zijn, één taks die er niet komt: de miljonairstaks.","https://docs.vlaamsparlement.be/files/pfile?id=2246061","Vlaams Parlement","2025-11-26"],["A0008","Nadia Naji","politician","Co-Chair of Groen, Member of the Brussels Parliament","Een miljardair gaat zo meer bijdragen dan een multimiljonair, dat is het eerlijkst.","https://www.groen.be/groen_in_een_eerlijke_samenleving_dragen_de_sterkste_schouders_de_zwaarste_lasten","Groen","2024-04-18"],["A0009","Jeremie Vaneeckhout","politician","Co-Chair of Groen, Member of the Flemish Parliament","Door een eerlijke bijdrage van de extreem rijken zorgen we ervoor dat mensen die moeilijk rondkomen meer overhouden op het einde van de maand.","https://www.groen.be/groen_in_een_eerlijke_samenleving_dragen_de_sterkste_schouders_de_zwaarste_lasten","Groen","2024-04-18"]],"types":{"politician":44,"party":5,"ngo_campaign":5,"union_official":4,"union":2,"economist":1,"wealthy_individual":1,"campaigner":1,"academic":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":61,"billionaire_minimum":2,"wealth_tax_unspecified":2},"numeric":"056"},{"slug":"bo","iso2":"BO","name":"Bolivia","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Seed pass (national level, no regional or local sweep). Register: 9 departamentos, 112 provincias and 339 municipios (OCHA/HDX COD-AB Bolivia, valid 2024-09-16, CC BY-IGO, P-codes from the INE codes); map from the same shapes. Folder opened for the in-force Impuesto a las Grandes Fortunas (Ley 1357). No seats adapter: positions are not checked against an official member list.","supporters":7,"evidence":8,"A":5,"B":2,"C":0,"units":460,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":2,"polls":[],"map_source":"OCHA / HDX Bolivia COD-AB (GeoBolivia / INE), valid 2024-09-16; CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[],"featured":[],"types":{"politician":3,"government_body":2,"ngo_campaign":1,"party":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":4,"defend_existing":2,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1},"numeric":"068"},{"slug":"br","iso2":"BR","name":"Brazil","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national level. R001 (2026-10-21) covered every bill on the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (IGF) filed in the Câmara since 2010 and its named authors (45 bills, H0001-H0045), the Senate bills found by web search (H0046-H0049), the roll call of 30 Oct 2024 on the PSOL-Rede wealth-tax amendment to PLP 108/2024 (136 yes, 262 no; H0050), Lula and Haddad on the G20 billionaire-tax track, the 'Tem Um Elefante Na Sala' coalition (Oxfam Brasil, Inesc, Dieese and others) and one tax-justice professional. The register holds the root, three federal bodies, the 27 UFs and the 5,570 municípios (IBGE codes). R002 (2026-10-21) added the Senate (eight bills, four senators' statements), the 2020 'Tributar os Super-Ricos' campaign and its study (Fagnani, Fenafisco, Anfip, IJF, MST, UNE and others), ten union centrais, the six left parties via press reports, Ciro Gomes, Flávio Dino, Zucman, Luciana Genro, Walter Salles, the G20 declaration and one Ipsos poll. R003 added the PSOL's ADO 55 petition, the PDT 2022 plan, a 2010 interview with Luciana Genro, Piketty, an O Povo editorial, Walter Salles's own words, the 2026 'Taxar os Super-ricos' campaign and Fenafisco's president. Not done: party programmes from primary pages, committee hearings and plenary speeches, most economists and columnists, CNBB and faith groups (no statement found), the full signatory list of the 2020 campaign, state assemblies and city councils. Party and state in actors.csv are those at the member's latest recorded status, not necessarily when the bill was filed. No map: IBGE's mesh is available through its API, but I could not confirm an open licence for it, so none was built (SKILL.md section 5, map licence rule). Map (review, 2026-10-21): municípios and states from IBGE's 2020 boundaries as republished by OCHA ROLAC on HDX (cod-ab-bra) under CC BY-IGO, matched by IBGE code; Boa Esperança do Norte (MT, created 2025) has no shape yet.","supporters":273,"evidence":417,"A":228,"B":41,"C":4,"units":5601,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":27,"updated":"2026-10-21","excluded":3,"polls":[{"support":69,"oppose":null,"scope":"Brazil, adults aged 18-75, online","question":"A higher tax on the large fortunes concentrated in the hands of the 'super-rich'","question_original":"","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Earth4All (survey partner)","fieldwork":"2024-03-05 to 2024-04-08","sample":"22,000 respondents in 22 countries","published":"2024-06-24","url":"https://www.poder360.com.br/economia/69-dos-brasileiros-apoiam-taxar-super-ricos-diz-pesquisa/"},{"support":80,"oppose":20,"scope":"Brazil, residents aged 16 and over, telephone (automated voice) survey","question":"Whether large fortunes should be taxed to fight the coronavirus; 80% yes, 20% no","question_original":"Você acha que grandes fortunas deveriam ser taxadas para combater o coronavírus?","pollster":"DataSenado","commissioned_by":"DataSenado, the Federal Senate's research institute (own survey)","fieldwork":"2020-04-18 to 2020-04-23","sample":"1,200 interviews, stratified probability sample, margin of error +/- 4.3%","published":"2020-04","url":"https://www12.senado.leg.br/institucional/datasenado/arquivos/80-dos-brasileiros-apoiam-a-criacao-de-imposto-sobre-grandes-fortunas"}],"map_source":"Município and state boundaries: IBGE (2020), via OCHA ROLAC's Common Operational Dataset on HDX (cod-ab-bra), CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[["Câmara dos Deputados",513,141],["Senado Federal",81,8]],"featured":[["A0241","Ciro Gomes","politician","Former governor of Ceará; presidential candidate 2018 and 2022","O pedetista tem proposto, em entrevistas, um imposto com alíquotas de 0,5% a 1,5%, a ser cobrado de quem tenha patrimônio acima de R$ 20 milhões.","https://www.sindifisco-ms.org.br/impostos-para-os-mais-ricos-entram-no-radar-de-candidatos-a-presidencia/","Sindifisco-MS (O Globo)","2022-02-01"],["A0240","Flávio Dino","politician","Governor of Maranhão (2015-2022)","Se nós fizermos uma alíquota de 1% a 1,5% para quem ganha acima de R$ 8 milhões, por exemplo, já arrecadamos R$ 20 bilhões.","https://outraspalavras.net/outrasmidias/comeca-campanha-para-tributar-os-super-ricos/","Outras Palavras (from Brasil de Fato)","2020-10-29"]],"types":{"politician":222,"union":15,"ngo_campaign":10,"legal_tax_professional":7,"party":6,"economist":5,"think_tank":3,"wealthy_individual":2,"international_body":1,"media_outlet":1,"union_official":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":164,"annual_net_wealth":159,"billionaire_minimum":5,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"076"},{"slug":"ca","iso2":"CA","name":"Canada","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"R001 seed plus R002 and R003 broad English/French sweeps. Federal and regional politics, unions, NGOs, economists, public wealthy signers, faith and media organisations. Partial coverage:80 selected organisations from a1443-signatory Quebec manifesto; no exhaustive province or municipal sweep. Statistics Canada official2025 register:5054 census subdivisions and13 provinces/territories; local map2025/province outlines2021, Open Government Licence–Canada. See research logs and QA for source/date limitations and next priorities. Review 2026-10-24 (R004): 49 rows removed, 81 dates corrected; 287 supporters remain.","supporters":286,"evidence":318,"A":261,"B":25,"C":0,"units":5067,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":33,"updated":"2026-10-31","excluded":3,"polls":[{"support":79,"oppose":null,"scope":"Canada, adults","question":"A 1% tax on wealth paid by people who have more than $20 million in assets","pollster":"Abacus Data","commissioned_by":"Abacus Data's own survey (the release names no client)","fieldwork":"2020-11-06 to 2020-11-12","sample":"1,660 adults, online panel","published":"2020-11-19","url":"https://abacusdata.ca/wealth-tax-canada-poll/"}],"map_source":"Statistics Canada: 2025 Census Subdivision Boundary File clipped to the 2021 cartographic (shoreline) boundary files. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence - Canada.","map_licence":["Open Government Licence - Canada","https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada"],"chambers":[["House of Commons of Canada",343,6],["Senate of Canada",105,2]],"featured":[["A0037","Alex Hemingway","economist","Senior economist and public finance policy analyst","A wealth tax on the richest few is an important tool to build the future we need.","https://www.policyalternatives.ca/news-research/a-wealth-tax-on-the-super-rich-is-within-reach/","Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives","2020-06-18"],["A0227","Jared A. Walker","campaigner","Executive director, Canadians for Tax Fairness","A modest wealth tax that affects only Canadians with over $10 million in net wealth could raise nearly $40 billion annually.","https://spon.ca/how-the-top-one-per-cent-threaten-canadas-future/2026/03/23/","Social Policy in Ontario","2026-03-23"],["A0092","Linda McQuaig","journalist","Journalist and author","In Canada, such a tax would apply only to those with wealth above $25 million.","https://www.dundurn.com/books_/t22117/a9781459754836-cancelling-billionaires-before-they-cancel-us","Dundurn Press","2026-01"],["A0019","Jenny Kwan","politician","Member of Parliament for Vancouver East","We could also apply a 1% wealth tax for those with fortunes of over $20 million.","https://openparliament.ca/debates/2021/6/15/jenny-kwan-3/","openparliament.ca (Hansard)","2021-06-15"],["A0093","Neil Brooks","legal_tax_professional","Professor emeritus of tax law, Osgoode Hall Law School","That's why we need a wealth tax — because the existing system effectively exempts the wealthy from taxation.","https://www.policyalternatives.ca/news-research/taxing-billionaires-just-like-everyone-else/","Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives","2026-06-10"],["A0225","David Moscrop","journalist","Canadian political columnist, author and podcaster","Despite the limits of a global wealth tax, there are virtues that make the undertaking worthwhile.","https://znetwork.org/znetarticle/billionaires-hate-this-one-weird-trick-taxing-them/","ZNetwork (Jacobin reprint)","2024-03-09"],["A0032","Alejandra Zaga Mendez","politician","Québec solidaire legislator and candidate for Verdun at the September 2026 announcement","Les grandes fortunes doivent contribuer davantage à financer nos services publics.","https://www.newswire.ca/fr/news-releases/quebec-solidaire-va-taxer-les-grandes-fortunes-pour-reparer-l-ecole-publique-887039790.html","Québec solidaire / CNW","2026-09-03"]],"types":{"ngo_campaign":57,"wealthy_individual":48,"politician":47,"union":45,"party":28,"campaigner":14,"economist":9,"faith":9,"journalist":8,"union_official":6,"think_tank":5,"academic":4,"media_outlet":3,"legal_tax_professional":1,"government_body":1,"business_leader":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":178,"annual_net_wealth":118,"one_off_levy":2,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"124"},{"slug":"ch","iso2":"CH","name":"Switzerland","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed pass. Geography: 26 cantons (region, ISO 3166-2 codes, English names) and 2,110 municipalities (council tier, BFS numbers) from the BFS Historised Municipality Directory, snapshot 2026-10-01 (agvchapp.bfs.admin.ch); districts (Bezirke) are skipped because they are not general-purpose local government and several cantons have none. Boundaries: swisstopo swissBOUNDARIES3D 2026-01, free use under swisstopo's OGD terms with source reference (Bundesamt für Landestopografie swisstopo); the swiss-maps TopoJSON was not used because its BFS GEOSTAT data carries a non-commercial licence.","supporters":177,"evidence":400,"A":148,"B":28,"C":1,"units":2136,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":19,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":9,"polls":[{"support":68,"support_text":"About two in three","oppose":25,"scope":"Swiss voters, Tamedia/20 Minuten post-vote survey (Nachabstimmungsbefragung), spring 2026","question":"Federal tax on large fortunes to finance the 13th AHV pension and the army, as an alternative to a VAT rise (the Green Liberal proposal is 0.33% above CHF 5 million)","question_original":"Bundessteuer auf grosse Vermögen zur Finanzierung der AHV und der Armee","pollster":"Leewas","commissioned_by":"Tamedia and 20 Minuten","fieldwork":"2026-03","published":"2026-03-15","url":"https://www.srf.ch/news/wirtschaft/vermoegenskonzentration-linker-staroekonom-fordert-mindeststeuer-fuer-superreiche"}],"map_source":"Federal Office of Topography swisstopo (swissBOUNDARIES3D, 2026-01)","map_licence":["swisstopo OGD terms of use (free use, source reference required)","https://www.swisstopo.admin.ch/en/terms-of-use-free-geodata-and-geoservices"],"chambers":[["National Council (Nationalrat)",200,53],["Council of States (Ständerat)",46,5]],"featured":[["A0182","Dominik Gross","campaigner","Expert on tax and financial policy, Alliance Sud","Warum wir eine Vermögenssteuer des Bundes brauchen und das inländische Bankgeheimnis abschaffen müssen.","https://www.infosperber.ch/politik/tax-the-rich-auch-in-der-schweiz/","Infosperber (republishing Alliance Sud's commentary)","2026-04-06"],["A0105","Pierre Eckert","politician","Member of the Grand Conseil of Geneva (as listed in the 1 Sept 2022 debate)","Il convient de donner un coup de pouce temporaire à travers l'impôt de solidarité sur les grandes fortunes que cette initiative propose.","https://ge.ch/grandconseil/memorial/seances/020503/19/4","Grand Conseil of Geneva (Mémorial)","2022-09-01"],["A0172","Maurice Mischler","politician","Member of the Grand Conseil of Vaud","Surtout pour le caractère solidaire et ponctuel, je vais finalement, à l’instar du groupe des Verts, soutenir cette motion.","https://www.vd.ch/gc/seances-du-grand-conseil/point-seance/point/467ad3ea-a26b-4402-a6a2-38893fba8a7e/meeting/1000553","Grand Conseil of Vaud (vd.ch)","2021-03-16"]],"types":{"politician":147,"party":12,"campaigner":10,"wealthy_individual":2,"union":2,"ngo_campaign":2,"economist":1,"government_body":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":158,"one_off_levy":110,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1,"defend_existing":1},"numeric":"756"},{"slug":"cl","iso2":"CL","name":"Chile","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed research in progress; local and regional sources have not been systematically searched. Geography covers 16 regions and 346 comunas. The BCN/OCHA 2020 map has 345 shapes; Antártica has no shape. Pozo Almonte was mislabeled Tocopilla in the source and matched by location and CUT. Boundaries are simplified; source notes topology defects.","supporters":46,"evidence":46,"A":40,"B":6,"C":0,"units":362,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":13,"updated":"2026-10-30","excluded":2,"polls":[{"support":82.9,"oppose":null,"scope":"Chile, adults 18 and over in 166 comunas, online panel","question":"Agreement with Congress approving a tax of 2.5% on the net wealth of people with US$ 22 million or more, to fund the response to the covid-19 crisis (the 'súper ricos' bill); 82.9% strongly agreed or agreed","question_original":"¿Qué tan de acuerdo o en desacuerdo estás con que se apruebe en el congreso un impuesto a los super ricos?","pollster":"Activa Research (Pulso Ciudadano)","commissioned_by":"Activa (its own fortnightly Pulso Ciudadano tracker)","fieldwork":"2021-04-28 to 2021-04-30","sample":"1,184 interviews, non-probability online panel, margin of error +/- 2.8%","published":"2021-05","url":"https://media-front.elmostrador.cl/2021/05/Pulso_Ciudadano_ABRIL_Q2.pdf"}],"map_source":"BCN administrative boundaries via OCHA HDX and geoBoundaries (2020), simplified and projected; 2026 CUT list, with Pozo Almonte label corrected.","map_licence":["CC-BY-3.0-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[["Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados",155,17]],"featured":[["A0013","Ramón López","economist","Economist and researcher","Se propone aquí un modelo para estimar la riqueza de los grupos más ricos de la sociedad y diseñar un sistema eficiente de impuesto patrimonial.","https://www.cepal.org/es/publicaciones/46834-hiperfortunas-superricos-que-tiene-sentido-un-impuesto-al-patrimonio","CEPAL","2020-12"],["A0014","Gino Sturla","economist","Economist and researcher","Se propone aquí un modelo para estimar la riqueza de los grupos más ricos de la sociedad y diseñar un sistema eficiente de impuesto patrimonial.","https://www.cepal.org/es/publicaciones/46834-hiperfortunas-superricos-que-tiene-sentido-un-impuesto-al-patrimonio","CEPAL","2020-12"]],"types":{"politician":36,"union":5,"economist":4,"think_tank":1},"designs":{"one_off_levy":16,"billionaire_minimum":14,"wealth_tax_unspecified":10,"annual_net_wealth":6},"numeric":"152"},{"slug":"cn","iso2":"CN","name":"China","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national level, with provincial and prefectural local tier. Boundaries from UN OCHA COD-AB China (2020) under CC BY-IGO. Review 2026-10-24 (R004): exit-tax-only and property-tax rows removed; 9 supporters remain.","supporters":9,"evidence":9,"A":3,"B":6,"C":0,"units":398,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":5,"updated":"2026-10-24","excluded":18,"polls":[],"map_source":"UN OCHA COD-AB China (2020), CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[["National People's Congress",2977,0]],"featured":[],"types":{"academic":6,"economist":2,"ngo_campaign":1},"designs":{"billionaire_minimum":7,"annual_net_wealth":2},"numeric":"156"},{"slug":"co","iso2":"CO","name":"Colombia","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed in progress. DANE 2024 register includes 1,122 local units, including non-municipalized areas. Map uses 2020 boundaries: code 27493 has no shape and obsolete code 94663 is omitted. National research is partial; regional and local support remains unsearched.","supporters":65,"evidence":70,"A":65,"B":0,"C":0,"units":1155,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":5,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":0,"polls":[],"map_source":"DANE Marco Geoestadístico Nacional, 2020 administrative boundaries, via OCHA HDX; simplified and projected.","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[["Senado de la República",103,5],["Cámara de Representantes",183,1]],"featured":[["A0059","Leopoldo Fergusson","economist","Economist, Universidad de los Andes","Nuestra propuesta es comenzar a cobrar por patrimonios por encima de 1.000 millones, sin derecho a descuentos adicionales.","https://www.uniandes.edu.co/es/noticias/economia-y-negocios/los-impuestos-en-colombia-que-como-cuanto-y-cuando-reformarlos","Universidad de los Andes","2022"],["A0060","Marc Hofstetter","economist","Economist, Universidad de los Andes","Nuestra propuesta es comenzar a cobrar por patrimonios por encima de 1.000 millones, sin derecho a descuentos adicionales.","https://www.uniandes.edu.co/es/noticias/economia-y-negocios/los-impuestos-en-colombia-que-como-cuanto-y-cuando-reformarlos","Universidad de los Andes","2022"]],"types":{"politician":55,"economist":5,"party":2,"ngo_campaign":1,"think_tank":1,"academic":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":35,"defend_existing":32},"numeric":"170"},{"slug":"cz","iso2":"CZ","name":"Czechia","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national level across key layers (Poslanecká sněmovna, European Parliament roll calls, parties SOCDEM and Zelení, academic economists, and wealth managers), the 14 kraje (NUTS 3) and 6,258 obce (LAU). First pass R001 (2026-10-31).","supporters":17,"evidence":17,"A":11,"B":4,"C":2,"units":6276,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":6,"updated":"2026-10-31","excluded":24,"polls":[{"support":63,"oppose":null,"scope":"Czechia, representative sample","question":"Introduction of a tax on super-wealth (assets above 111 million CZK at a rate of 3.5%)","question_original":"Zavedení daně ze superbohatství (tedy majetku nad 111 milionů korun sazbou 3,5 %)","pollster":"Representative opinion poll","commissioned_by":"Strana zelených (Green Party)","fieldwork":"2024-05","sample":"Representative sample of Czech population","published":"2024-05-22","url":"https://www.zeleni.cz/dan-ze-superbohatsvi-by-mohla-prinest-az-58-mld-rocne/"}],"map_source":"Eurostat GISCO LAU 2024 / (c) European Union, 1995-today","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"],"chambers":[["Poslanecká sněmovna",200,1]],"featured":[["A0018","Matěj Pomahač","politician","Spolupředseda Strany zelených","Již předloni představili Zelení jednoduchý návrh na zdanění extrémně bohatých, která by zdaněním majetku nad 111 milionů korun roční sazbou 3,5 procenta přinesla do státního rozpočtu každoročně více než 58 miliard korun.","https://denikreferendum.cz/clanek/238439-majetkove-nerovnosti-ohrozuji-demokracii","Deník Referendum","2025-08-20"],["A0002","Michal Berg","politician","Spolupředseda Strany zelených","Podle studie by zdanění majetku nad 111 milionů korun sazbou 3,5 procenta přineslo státnímu rozpočtu více než 58 miliard korun ročně.","https://michalberg.cz/zdanit-superbohatstvi-chce-vetsina-nasich-obcanu/","Michal Berg","2024-05-22"]],"types":{"politician":9,"party":4,"economist":2,"business_leader":2},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":13,"wealth_tax_unspecified":3,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"203"},{"slug":"de","iso2":"DE","name":"Germany","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national level in every layer (Bundestag, parties, alliances, unions, economists, commentators, wealthy supporters), the 16 Länder as a register, and one sampled Landtag (Berlin). First pass R001 and gap passes R002 and R003 (2026-10-20): Bundestag motions and bills 2010-2026 with their named sponsors (harvest H0001-H0008), party programmes, the alliance 'Vermögen besteuern jetzt' (22 signatories plus 12 joiners), union and NGO statements, DIW and taz commentary, taxmenow and earlier millionaires' appeals. R002 added the 2022 roll call, debate speakers, the 2021 hearing, three Landtage, the 2021 open letter and 2011 appeals. R003 added the 2013 roll call, the BSW and Left programmes (read from Internet Archive copies), the full first-signatory list of the 2021 open letter, taxmenow's own pages and petition, the DGB, IG Metall, GEW and Paritätischer statements, the 2011–2014 Länder working group and the 2012 Länder initiative, Landtag debates in Saxony-Anhalt, Jusos, Grüne Jugend and one MEP. R003 also added the Left motion 20/11630 (2024), the Greens' 500-million-euro motion 21/8267 (2026-09-29), Saxony Landtag motions, SPD left figures (2011, 2018), Bofinger, Dullien and the Caritas. Not done: the 2011 appeal's full list, other Landtage, most MEPs, most media, municipalities (the Länder register is the lowest level loaded). The Left's own site (die-linke.de) answers 403 even to a browser, so its programme was read from an easy-read edition. 2026-10-21: register extended to the 10,939 Gemeinden (BKG VG250, 1 Jan 2026) under 401 Kreise (Hanau kreisfrei since 2026); map at Gemeinde level; Bundestag members placed in the Land of their seat (MdB-Stammdaten).","supporters":408,"evidence":595,"A":361,"B":42,"C":5,"units":11360,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":20,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":33,"polls":[{"support":62,"oppose":34,"scope":"Germany, adults (1,008 respondents)","question":"Reintroducing the wealth tax: a levy on private persons and companies on wealth above EUR 1 million","question_original":"","pollster":"Forsa","commissioned_by":"Stern","fieldwork":"2024-07","sample":"1,008 people","published":"2024-07-09","url":"https://www.schwaebische.de/politik/umfrage-mehrheit-ist-fuer-vermoegenssteuer-2686241"},{"support":52,"oppose":30,"scope":"Germany, representative sample (1,042 respondents)","question":"Whether a wealth tax should be (re)introduced in Germany: 52% yes, 30% no, 18% don't know","question_original":"","pollster":"YouGov","commissioned_by":"YouGov (its own Omnibus)","fieldwork":"2016-11-18 to 2016-11-22","sample":"1,042 respondents","published":"2016-11-25","url":"https://yougov.com/de-de/artikel/17069-welche-gruppen-fur-die-vermogenssteuer-sind"}],"map_source":"© BKG (2026) dl-de/by-2-0, VG250 (1 January 2026); data sources: https://sgx.geodatenzentrum.de/web_public/gdz/datenquellen/datenquellen_vg_nuts.pdf","map_licence":["dl-de/by-2-0","https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0"],"chambers":[["Deutscher Bundestag",630,63]],"featured":[["A0213","Daniela Trochowski","campaigner","Co-author of the nd guest article (2020); Left-affiliated tax policy writer","Wir schlagen einen progressiven Tarif mit einem Freibetrag für Privatvermögen von einer Million Euro pro Person vor.","https://www.nd-aktuell.de/artikel/1145865.vermoegensteuer-vermoegen-besteuern-demokratie-schuetzen.html","nd-aktuell.de","2020-12-16"],["A0022","Heidi Reichinnek","politician","Member of the Bundestag","Unser Vorschlag ist ehrlicherweise lächerlich gering, denn wir wollen ein Prozent ab der ersten Million.","https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2026/kw10-de-vermoegensteuer-1150522","Deutscher Bundestag","2026-03-06"],["A0214","Ralf Krämer","campaigner","Co-author of the nd guest article (2020); Left-affiliated economist","Wir schlagen einen progressiven Tarif mit einem Freibetrag für Privatvermögen von einer Million Euro pro Person vor.","https://www.nd-aktuell.de/artikel/1145865.vermoegensteuer-vermoegen-besteuern-demokratie-schuetzen.html","nd-aktuell.de","2020-12-16"],["A0017","Ines Schwerdtner","politician","Member of the Bundestag","Der Slogan ihrer Partei aus dem Wahlkampf, Milliardäre abzuschaffen, müsse mit einer Vermögensteuer Realität werden.","https://www.evangelisch.de/inhalte/252601/06-02-2026/linke-rueckkehr-zur-vermoegensteuer-macht-reiche-nicht-arm","evangelisch.de (epd)","2026-02-06"],["A0038","Fabio De Masi","politician","Member of the European Parliament (non-attached); former member of the Bundestag","Wir schlagen einen progressiven Tarif mit einem Freibetrag für Privatvermögen von einer Million Euro pro Person vor.","https://www.nd-aktuell.de/artikel/1145865.vermoegensteuer-vermoegen-besteuern-demokratie-schuetzen.html","nd-aktuell.de","2020-12-16"],["A0191","Jürgen Trittin","politician","Chair of the Greens parliamentary group (2012)","Wir ziehen das Vermögen der deutschen Millionäre heran, um die Schulden aus den Kosten der Bankkrise abzutragen.","https://www.bundestag.de/webarchiv/textarchiv/2012/40770290_kw39_de_vermoegensabgabe-209554","Deutscher Bundestag (text archive)","2012-09-27"],["A0247","Philipp Türmer","politician","Chair of the Jusos (SPD youth organisation)","Eine sozial gerechte Vermögenssteuer ab einem Nettovermögen von z. B. einer Million Euro pro Person ist überfällig.","https://www.vorwaerts.de/inland/juso-chef-philipp-tuermer-grosse-erbschaften-staerker-besteuern","vorwärts (SPD)","2025-09-02"]],"types":{"politician":190,"academic":61,"ngo_campaign":30,"campaigner":23,"wealthy_individual":22,"cultural_figure":21,"economist":15,"journalist":14,"party":11,"union":7,"think_tank":5,"government_body":5,"union_official":4},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":255,"one_off_levy":150,"wealth_tax_unspecified":50,"billionaire_minimum":21},"numeric":"276"},{"slug":"dk","iso2":"DK","name":"Denmark","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed pass: national, regional and municipal scope; 5 regions and 98 municipalities. Geographic register loaded, local research limited. Municipal and regional map based on DAGI data from Vejdirektoratet, CC BY 4.0, retrieved 2026-10-29.","supporters":50,"evidence":51,"A":42,"B":8,"C":0,"units":103,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":2,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":0,"polls":[],"map_source":"Klimadatastyrelsen, DAGI via Vejdirektoratet; downloaded 2026-10-29; simplified.","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://datafordeler.dk/vejledning/brugervilkaar/kds-geografiske-data/"],"chambers":[["Folketing",179,7]],"featured":[["A0046","Katrine Skov","politician","Gladsaxe councillor at time of article","Men hvis vi skal vælge, er det langt mere rimeligt at beskatte meget store formuer end at lægge mere skat på arbejde.","https://piopio.dk/debat-formueskat-er-ikke-misundelse-det-er-sund-fornuft","","2026-03-12"],["A0034","Morten Skov Christiansen","union_official","Chair, FH","Derfor mener vi, at det er rimeligt med en meget lille skat på meget store formuer.","https://bupl.dk/politik-og-presse/bupl-i-debatten/danmark-maa-vaelge-velfaerd-eller-voksende-formuer","BUPL","2026-03-16"],["A0035","Mona Striib","union_official","Chair, FOA","Derfor mener vi, at det er rimeligt med en meget lille skat på meget store formuer.","https://bupl.dk/politik-og-presse/bupl-i-debatten/danmark-maa-vaelge-velfaerd-eller-voksende-formuer","BUPL","2026-03-16"],["A0036","Elisa Rimpler","union_official","Chair, BUPL","Derfor mener vi, at det er rimeligt med en meget lille skat på meget store formuer.","https://bupl.dk/politik-og-presse/bupl-i-debatten/danmark-maa-vaelge-velfaerd-eller-voksende-formuer","BUPL","2026-03-16"],["A0037","Mads Samsing","union_official","Chair, HK","Derfor mener vi, at det er rimeligt med en meget lille skat på meget store formuer.","https://bupl.dk/politik-og-presse/bupl-i-debatten/danmark-maa-vaelge-velfaerd-eller-voksende-formuer","BUPL","2026-03-16"],["A0038","Gordon Ørskov Madsen","union_official","Chair, Danmarks Lærerforening","Derfor mener vi, at det er rimeligt med en meget lille skat på meget store formuer.","https://bupl.dk/politik-og-presse/bupl-i-debatten/danmark-maa-vaelge-velfaerd-eller-voksende-formuer","BUPL","2026-03-16"],["A0013","Flemming H. Grønsund","union_official","Vice chair, FH","FH foreslår en formueskat på 0,3 procent af den del af nettoformuen, der ligger over 20 mio. kr.","https://fho.dk/blog/2026/02/23/03-procent-for-den-rigeste-ene-procent-en-retfaerdig-skat-for-et-staerkere-danmark/","","2026-02-23"]],"types":{"politician":19,"union_official":13,"economist":5,"party":4,"union":4,"ngo_campaign":2,"campaigner":1,"wealthy_individual":1,"journalist":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":42,"wealth_tax_unspecified":8},"numeric":"208"},{"slug":"eg","iso2":"EG","name":"Egypt","status":"in progress","lead":"Codex","notes":"Depth: seed. National layer started with a directly attributable AUC Alternative Policy Solutions paper proposing a comprehensive progressive wealth tax. Egypt has no current general net-wealth tax. Arabic and English searches began; parliamentary, party, civil-society, trade-union and governorate layers remain unswept. The geography register contains 27 governorates (ISO 3166-2 codes; names checked against geoBoundaries' ODbL OpenStreetMap catalogue) as the initial local reporting tier. No boundary map has yet been added.","supporters":17,"evidence":18,"A":7,"B":10,"C":0,"units":27,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":2,"updated":"2026-10-27","excluded":7,"polls":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""],"chambers":[["House of Representatives",596,0],["Senate of Egypt",300,0]],"featured":[],"types":{"economist":6,"politician":4,"business_leader":3,"ngo_campaign":1,"journalist":1,"think_tank":1,"campaigner":1},"designs":{"one_off_levy":8,"wealth_tax_unspecified":5,"annual_net_wealth":3,"partial_wealth":1},"numeric":"818"},{"slug":"es","iso2":"ES","name":"Spain","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national level. R001 (2026-10-21) read the Congreso roll call of 7 Jun 2022 on the Unidas Podemos wealth-tax bill (58 yes votes), the BOE text of Ley 38/2022 that created the solidarity tax on large fortunes, press reports of Sumar's 2023 programme, statements by Sánchez, Montero, Bustinduy and two former prime ministers, Oxfam Intermon's 2026 report, Gestha, UGT and CCOO. Register: root, Cortes Generales, the 19 autonomous communities and cities (ISO 3166-2:ES) the 52 provinces and the 8,132 municipios (INE list of 1 Jan 2026, the map tier). Party for the deputies comes from Wikidata (three left blank). Not done: final Congreso and Senate votes on Ley 38/2022 and the Jan 2024 extension, XV-legislature bills, party programmes beyond Sumar, economists, media, wealthy individuals, regional parliaments and local bodies. Only Spanish and English were searched. R002 (2026-10-21) added the PSOE and six other parties, the 2022 expert committee and its chair, the Generalitat and Parlament of Catalonia (Decree-law 10/2024), Zucman, a Vigo mayor, and re-graded the Club de Madrid letter against the primary text. The Congreso blocked the scanner (HTTP 403) mid-run, so no XV-legislature votes were read. R003 added Economistas Frente a la Crisis, Plataforma por la Justicia Fiscal, the Valencian tax-justice campaign, Izquierda Unida, Más Madrid, the economy minister, two Madrid politicians, an economist (2011) and Gestha's president. R004 added the 19-member Plataforma por la Justicia Fiscal (as roster claims, grade B) and its coordinator, Oxfam Intermon's report author, Greenpeace, Attac, the finance-committee spokespeople of PSOE, Sumar and PP (the PP one grade C), and Sumar's Sept 2026 bill. Searches excluded opponent outlets. R005-R006 added the Wealth Cap Project (a wealth cap is treated as a 100% levy above a threshold), its advisers and report authors, the Catalan Parlament and Comuns, EH Bildu and its Basque spokespeople, and a press roster of the parties that voted for Ley 38/2022. R007 added Navarre's parliament, the Juntas Generales de Álava, the Diputación de Gipuzkoa, the Catalan fair-taxation platform, the Finance Minister and own-site statements by CECU, Economistas sin Fronteras and Oxfam Intermon on the Tax the Rich initiative. R008 (review, 2026-10-21) loaded the 52 provinces, built the map from IGN shapes (CC BY 4.0, via es-atlas), placed deputies in their Congress constituency per Wikidata, dropped an agenda-only row for Bustinduy and moved Yago Álvarez Barba to exclusions (no wealth tax named). Municipios loaded and mapped on 2026-10-21.","supporters":147,"evidence":203,"A":104,"B":39,"C":4,"units":8204,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":39,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":6,"polls":[{"support":70.6,"oppose":null,"scope":"Spain, adults with the right to vote","question":"A wealth tax that would apply only to people declaring assets of EUR 10 million or more (the Unidas Podemos proposal)","pollster":"Simple Lógica","commissioned_by":"elDiario.es","fieldwork":"2022-08-01 to 2022-08-08","sample":"1,078 people, telephone omnibus (about 74% on random mobile numbers), margin of error ±3.04","published":"2022-08-22","url":"https://www.eldiario.es/politica/70-espanoles-apoya-nuevo-impuesto-grandes-fortunas-avala-mayoria-votantes-pp_1_9258450.html"},{"support":62,"oppose":10,"scope":"Spain, adults","question":"An additional annual tax of 1% of total wealth on people who hold more than EUR 8 million, to fund the recovery from COVID-19","pollster":"Glocalities","commissioned_by":"Millionaires for Humanity (a group of wealthy individuals who advocate a wealth tax)","fieldwork":"2021-02-19 to 2021-03-12","sample":"1,046 respondents in Spain, online (Dynata panel), part of a 10-country survey","published":"2021-04-13","url":"https://www.oxfamintermon.org/es/nota-de-prensa/6-de-10-personas-a-favor-impuesto-ricos-financiar-recuperacion-covid-19"}],"map_source":"© Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), CNIG reference data via es-atlas, CC BY 4.0. Canary Islands shown in an inset.","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Congreso de los Diputados",350,15],["Senado",266,1]],"featured":[["A0063","María Jesús Montero","politician","Minister of Finance in 2022; announced the solidarity tax","The tax could be designed as a minimum levy equivalent to 2% of the wealth of the super-rich.","https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/2024/apr/25/ministers-of-germany-brazil-south-africa-and-spain-why-we-need-a-global-tax-on-billionaires","The Guardian","2024-04-25"],["A0085","Carlos Cuerpo","politician","Minister of Economy, Trade and Business","The tax could be designed as a minimum levy equivalent to 2% of the wealth of the super-rich.","https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/2024/apr/25/ministers-of-germany-brazil-south-africa-and-spain-why-we-need-a-global-tax-on-billionaires","The Guardian","2024-04-25"]],"types":{"politician":87,"ngo_campaign":17,"party":16,"economist":10,"government_body":7,"union":3,"think_tank":2,"faith":2,"legal_tax_professional":1,"union_official":1,"campaigner":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":100,"wealth_tax_unspecified":29,"defend_existing":28,"billionaire_minimum":15},"numeric":"724"},{"slug":"fi","iso2":"FI","name":"Finland","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed coverage begun 27 October 2026: national parliamentary sponsors, party policies, unions, civil society and economists, with Finnish and Swedish searches and a five-city local sample. Historical bill and motion signatures establish support at the recorded date; party labels on those records are the labels at signature, and do not assert current affiliation. The legacy parliamentary member API was used for identity, death and historical constituency/term checks, but has stale current-term fields; current seats are not asserted and no seat chart is enabled. Short evidence quotes are the signatories' own entries in the official signature blocks. The map contains all 308 municipalities and 19 regions from Statistics Finland's 2026 generalised boundaries, CC BY 4.0, with official municipality and region codes. Electoral constituencies are recorded separately where they overlap administrative regions. Local units remain unswept beyond the five-city discovery sample. This is a partial register; remaining campaigns, opinion writers, wealthy supporters and local actors require further research. Follow-up R002 added 13 supporters from signed parliamentary reservations, adopted STTK/Green policies and public authors. All 13 new quotations passed the automatic source check; older 2010 full signer lists remain inaccessible and are logged for archive follow-up.","supporters":77,"evidence":117,"A":71,"B":6,"C":0,"units":342,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":15,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":1,"polls":[],"map_source":"Statistics Finland, municipality and region boundaries 2026, generalised 1:4,500,000; CC BY 4.0. https://geo.stat.fi/geoserver/tilastointialueet/wfs","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Parliament of Finland (Eduskunta)",200,12]],"featured":[["A0052","Ilkka Kaukoranta","economist","Economist; former SAK chief economist","Varallisuusveroa perustelee ennen kaikkea varallisuuserojen hillitseminen.","https://www.sak.fi/blogit/varallisuuserojen-kimppuun-verolla-sak-esittaa-yleista-varallisuusveroa/","SAK","2019-02-01"],["A0053","Jarkko Eloranta","union_official","SAK president at the statement","Ehdotan osaratkaisuksi varallisuuteen perustuvan puolustusveron käyttöönottoa.","https://www.sak.fi/ajankohtaista/uutiset/sakn-jarkko-eloranta-suomeen-puolustusvero/","SAK","2025-05-22"],["A0069","Olli Savela","economist","Statistics Finland statistician and public economic-policy author","Varallisuusvero tulee palauttaa ja sitä tulee periä esimerkiksi yli 500 000 euron arvoisesta omaisuudesta.","https://www.ollisavela.fi/M21.html","Olli Savela / SKP","2011-02"]],"types":{"politician":58,"economist":6,"party":5,"union":3,"union_official":2,"ngo_campaign":1,"academic":1,"cultural_figure":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":58,"wealth_tax_unspecified":14,"partial_wealth":3,"billionaire_minimum":1,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"246"},{"slug":"fr","iso2":"FR","name":"France","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national level. Votes and bills of the Assemblée nationale (17th and 16th legislatures) and the Sénat (12 June 2025), the 16 Feb 2025 Le Monde appeal, the 7 Nobel economists' tribune, the main NGOs, unions and left parties, and four French signatories of Proud to Pay More. Register: 13 regions plus 5 overseas regions and 101 départements (INSEE codes); the 34,920 communes (INSEE, COG 2025) are loaded under their départements and mapped (metropolitan France; Etalab contours, Licence Ouverte 2.0); overseas communes are in the register but have no shape. Party column follows the parliamentary group or Wikidata, and is approximate for GDR, LIOT and non-attached members. Not done: Senate votes of Nov 2025, Dec 2024 NFP budget votes, PLF 2027 votes (Oct 2026), the full 2025 appeal list, MEP petition list, Meurthe-et-Moselle department motion (site blocked), media, Tondelier/Roussel/Piketty statements, other unions (FSU, Solidaires), regional and local sweep.","supporters":392,"evidence":756,"A":386,"B":6,"C":0,"units":35043,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":107,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":5,"polls":[{"support":86,"scope":"France, adults","question":"2% tax on wealth above EUR 100m (taxe Zucman)","pollster":"Ifop","commissioned_by":"Parti socialiste","fieldwork":"2025-09-10/11","published":"2025-09","url":"https://www.ifopgroup.com/?p=83476","sample":"1,000 adults"},{"support":74,"scope":"France, adults","question":"2% tax on wealth above EUR 100m (taxe Zucman)","pollster":"Elabe","commissioned_by":"BFMTV","fieldwork":"2025-09","published":"2025-09-25","url":"https://elabe.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/25092025_elabe_bfmtv_les-francais-et-les-impots.pdf","sample":""},{"support":59,"scope":"France mainland, adults","question":"Whether the deputies were wrong to reject the 'taxe Zucman' (2% of wealth for households above EUR 100m, about 1,800 households, professional assets included); 59% said wrong to reject, 40% right to reject","question_original":"Les députés ont eu tort / raison de rejeter l'instauration de la taxe Zucman","pollster":"Elabe","commissioned_by":"BFMTV","fieldwork":"2025-11-04/05","sample":"1,000 adults","published":"2025-11-05","url":"https://elabe.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/05112025_elabe-bfmtv_les-francais-le-budget-et-la-fiscalite.pdf"}],"map_source":"Commune, département and region outlines: Etalab contours administratifs 2025 (1000 m), derived from IGN Admin Express, under the Licence Ouverte 2.0. Metropolitan France only.","map_licence":["Licence-Ouverte-2.0","https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/"],"chambers":[["Assemblée nationale",577,192],["Sénat",348,106]],"featured":[["A0243","Layla Abdelké Yakoub","campaigner","Head of advocacy, tax justice and inequality, Oxfam France","The introduction of a minimum tax on ultra-wealthy individuals is a matter of common sense.","https://350.org/press-release/french-senate-fails-to-back-zucman-tax-350-org-attac-france-and-oxfam-france-say-what-we-lack-is-political-courage-not-money/","350.org","2025-06-12"],["A0223","Sophie Binet","union_official","General secretary of the CGT","La proposition de taxe Zucman sur les 1 800 Français ayant un patrimoine de plus de 100 millions d’euros permet de mettre au centre le clivage de classe.","https://www.fnte.cgt.fr/sites/default/files/2025-09/2025_09_22_Adresse_Sophie_Binet_aux_syndicats_%20CGT.pdf","CGT","2025-09-22"]],"types":{"politician":358,"economist":11,"campaigner":5,"party":4,"wealthy_individual":4,"ngo_campaign":3,"union":3,"union_official":2,"media_outlet":1,"think_tank":1},"designs":{"billionaire_minimum":341,"annual_net_wealth":158,"one_off_levy":43,"wealth_tax_unspecified":4},"numeric":"250"},{"slug":"gb","iso2":"GB","name":"United Kingdom","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Built with Claude in 20 runs; many rows are not yet verified.","supporters":566,"evidence":764,"A":444,"B":25,"C":97,"units":416,"units_done":82,"units_with_supporters":66,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":30,"polls":[{"support":75,"oppose":12,"scope":"Britain, adults","question":"A wealth tax of 1% on assets above £10m and 2% on assets above £1bn (the Green Party policy)","pollster":"YouGov","commissioned_by":"","fieldwork":"","sample":"","published":"2025-10-23","url":"https://yougov.com/en-gb/articles/53245-what-tax-reforms-would-britons-support"},{"support":74,"oppose":null,"scope":"Britain, adults","question":"A 2% annual tax on people with more than £10 million in personal wealth (77% backed a 1% rate)","pollster":"YouGov","commissioned_by":"Tax Justice UK","fieldwork":"","sample":"","published":"2023-03-13","url":"https://taxjustice.uk/blog/brits-back-an-annual-tax-on-the-super-rich-to-help-rebuild-the-nhs-and-public-services"}],"map_source":"Council areas: ONS Local Authority Districts (May 2025) UK BUC. Region and nation outlines: ONS Regions (December 2024) EN BUC and Countries (December 2024) UK BUC. Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2025. Simplified; British National Grid coordinates.","map_licence":["OGL-UK-3.0 (Open Government Licence v3.0)","https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/"],"chambers":[["House of Commons",650,70],["House of Lords",816,4]],"featured":[["A0299","Benjamin Tippet","economist","Kings College London","A minimum two per cent tax on the total wealth of households with more than £100 million would raise around £10 billion every year while affecting fewer than 1,000 households.","https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/2-minimum-tax-on-richest-households-could-raise-10-billion-a-year","King's College London","2026-07-21"],["A0544","Polly Toynbee","journalist","Guardian columnist","A one-off wealth tax could raise £160bn, a shock-and-awe levy to set a new tone.","https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2026/may/14/labour-keir-starmer-radical-remedies-eu-tax-reform-pension-triple-lock","The Guardian","2026-05-14"],["A0002","Imran Hussain","politician","MP for Bradford East","That is why I continue to support a 2% tax on extreme wealth above £10 million.","https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/26516589.extreme-wealth-tax-improve-ordinary-peoplea-lives---mp/","Bradford Telegraph and Argus","2026-09-03"],["A0209","Gary Stevenson","journalist","Former Citibank trader; economics commentator and YouTuber (Gary's Economics, about one mi","Now is an unbelievable opportunity to change the way the rich are taxed, and to introduce a wealth tax.","https://millionairesforhumanity.org/the-millionaires/gary-stevenson/","Millionaires for Humanity","2025"],["A0003","Bell Ribeiro-Addy","politician","MP for Clapham and Brixton Hill","A wealth tax of just 2% on net wealth above £10 million would raise £24 billion per year.","https://bellribeiroaddy.com/to-deliver-real-change-we-need-a-wealth-tax/","Bell Ribeiro-Addy MP","2025-08-12"],["A0016","Rachael Maskell","politician","MP for York Central","As little as a 2% tax on wealth over £10 million would raise £24 billion every year.","https://www.rachaelmaskell.com/news_page/2025/03/27/spring-statement/","Rachael Maskell MP","2025-03-27"],["A0334","Jane Dodds","politician","Senedd Member and Leader, Welsh Liberal Democrats","Our proposal for a wealth tax is very simple: just tax above the £10m at 2%.","https://caerphilly.observer/?p=1055137","Caerphilly Observer (ICNN Senedd reporter)","2025-11-19"]],"types":{"politician":208,"campaigner":153,"wealthy_individual":96,"economist":39,"business_leader":13,"party":10,"ngo_campaign":8,"academic":7,"union":7,"cultural_figure":4,"journalist":4,"think_tank":4,"union_official":3,"faith":3,"legal_tax_professional":2,"government_body":2,"international_body":1,"media_outlet":1,"funder":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":367,"wealth_tax_unspecified":246,"one_off_levy":7,"billionaire_minimum":4,"partial_wealth":1},"numeric":"826"},{"slug":"gr","iso2":"GR","name":"Greece","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Research in progress. Administrative register: ELSTAT 2026 (31 December 2025): 332 municipalities, 74 regional units and 13 regions; local research remains unswept. Municipality map: Ioannis Andreadis / Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Cleisthenes boundaries under CC BY 4.0, derived from geodata.gov.gr CC BY 3.0; 332 features matched by name to ELSTAT register; regional boundaries dissolved from them. Mount Athos excluded as autonomous. Parliamentary seats: official current group counts; three vacant seats.","supporters":44,"evidence":48,"A":24,"B":18,"C":2,"units":419,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":9,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":4,"polls":[],"map_source":"Municipality boundaries: Ioannis Andreadis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, HEAL-Link; derived from geodata.gov.gr (CC BY 3.0). Regions dissolved from municipalities.","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Hellenic Parliament",300,3]],"featured":[["A0020","Nikos Nyfoudis","politician","Deputy spokesperson, Greek Left Alliance","Η πρόταση επικεντρώνεται στην εφαρμογή ενός συντελεστή 1,0% στο ανώτερο 1% του πληθυσμού με βάση τον καθαρό πλούτο τους.","https://www.news247.gr/politiki/oikonomiki-politiki-gia-tous-pollous-kai-tous-adinamous-kai-oxi-gia-tous-ligous-kai-isxirous/","News 24/7","2026-09-18"],["A0008","Giorgos Pappas","politician","Deputy economics policy head","Η πατριωτική εισφορά είναι ένας φόρος καθαρής περιουσίας μόνο σε φυσικά πρόσωπα.","https://www.iefimerida.gr/politiki/giorgos-pappas-katagrapsoyme-thyrides","iefimerida","2026-09-03"]],"types":{"politician":26,"economist":9,"party":4,"business_leader":1,"think_tank":1,"campaigner":1,"cultural_figure":1,"journalist":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":29,"annual_net_wealth":14,"billionaire_minimum":2,"unrealised_gains":1},"numeric":"300"},{"slug":"id","iso2":"ID","name":"Indonesia","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national plus regional (provinsi) and local (kabupaten/kota) sample. R001 (2026-10-22) covered the prominent civil society coalitions (Forum Pajak Berkeadilan Indonesia, The PRAKARSA, PWYP Indonesia, CELIOS, PUSKAHA, TII, FITRA, Lokataru, IGJ, Trend Asia, Aksi!), leading economists (Bhima Yudhistira, Media Wahyudi Askar, Esther Sri Astuti / INDEF), political party and presidential campaign endorsements (Ganjar Pranowo / PDI-P, Anies Baswedan, Muhaimin Iskandar, Thomas Lembong, Handi Risza / PKS), and the student movement (LMND, EW-LMND Sumsel). The register holds the country root, 3 national institutions, 34 provinces, and 514 kabupaten & kota (BPS-PCODE from OCHA COD-AB, CC-BY-IGO-3.0). Exclusions noted for deceased economist Faisal Basri, wealth tax opponent Budi Frensidy, and out-of-definition/neutral figures. Polls record Earth4All/Ipsos 2024 (86% support across G20) and Glocalities/Millionaires for Humanity 2021 (79% support for 1% annual tax over Rp 140B). Review 2026-10-24 (R004): 5 rows removed, 8 regraded A to B.","supporters":67,"evidence":76,"A":54,"B":13,"C":0,"units":551,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":14,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":7,"polls":[{"support":86,"oppose":null,"scope":"Indonesia, adults aged 18-75, online","question":"A tax on the wealth of the super-rich to fund economic, social, and environmental transformations","question_original":"","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Earth4All / Global Commons Alliance","fieldwork":"2024-03-05 to 2024-04-08","sample":"1,000 respondents in Indonesia (22,000 across 22 countries)","published":"2024-06-25","url":"https://earth4all.life/news/tax-the-rich-say-g20-citizens/"},{"support":79,"oppose":4,"scope":"Indonesia, representative sample of adults","question":"An additional 1% annual wealth tax on individuals with net wealth exceeding IDR 140 billion (~US$10m) to help fund post-pandemic recovery","question_original":"Dukungan terhadap penerapan wealth tax di Indonesia dimana orang yang memiliki lebih dari Rp140 miliar rupiah harus membayar pajak tahunan tambahan sebesar 1 persen","pollster":"Glocalities","commissioned_by":"Millionaires for Humanity in partnership with The PRAKARSA","fieldwork":"2021-01 to 2021-03","sample":"1,051 respondents","published":"2021-04-28","url":"https://theprakarsa.org/penerapan-pajak-kekayaan-bagi-orang-superkaya-dinilai-jadi-solusi-pulihkan-ekonomi/"},{"support":90,"oppose":10,"scope":"Indonesia, national representative public sample","question":"Persetujuan terhadap penerapan pajak kekayaan (wealth tax) sebesar 2 persen pada 50 orang terkaya di Indonesia untuk mendanai perlindungan sosial dan menekan ketimpangan","question_original":"Tingkat persetujuan terhadap penerapan pajak kekayaan sebesar 2% pada 50 orang terkaya di Indonesia (89,77% setuju, 10,23% menolak)","pollster":"CELIOS","commissioned_by":"Center of Economic and Law Studies (CELIOS)","fieldwork":"2026-03 to 2026-04","sample":"National representative survey","published":"2026-04-26","url":"https://nasional.kontan.co.id/news/survei-celios-mayoritas-masyarakat-setuju-penerapan-pajak-kekayaan"}],"map_source":"Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) via UN OCHA COD-AB Indonesia","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO-3.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode"],"chambers":[["People's Representative Council (DPR)",580,0],["Dewan Perwakilan Daerah",152,0]],"featured":[["A0007","Bhima Yudhistira Adhinegara","economist","Executive Director of CELIOS","Selain itu pajak kekayaan berupa 2 persen pajak bagi aset orang super kaya merupakan hal yang urgen dilakukan untuk menekan ketimpangan, sekaligus memperbesar penerimaan negara.","https://www.idntimes.com/business/economy/5-pr-utama-purbaya-yudhi-sadewa-sebagai-menteri-keuangan-baru-00-brqf5-n1fdlz","IDN Times","2025-09-08"],["A0019","Ah Maftuchan","campaigner","Executive Director of The PRAKARSA; Coordinator of FPBI; Co-coordinator of TAFJA","Warga superkaya yang total kekayaan bersih lebih dari Rp140 miliar setahun dapat disasar dengan membayar pajak kekayaan 1 persen dari total hartanya.","https://theprakarsa.org/penerapan-pajak-kekayaan-bagi-orang-superkaya-dinilai-jadi-solusi-pulihkan-ekonomi/","The PRAKARSA","2021-04-28"],["A0002","Thomas Lembong","politician","Co-Captain Timnas Pemenangan AMIN; Former Minister of Trade and Head of BKPM","Ini lebih menuju yang istilahnya wealth tax. Kita harus pajaki hartanya, bukan penghasilannya, karena ini lebih ke isu ketimpangan harta ketimbang penghasilan.","https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20240102060735-4-501860/anies-mau-pajaki-orang-kaya-begini-aturan-pajak-kekayaan-ri","CNBC Indonesia","2024-01-02"],["A0042","Raden Agus Suparman","legal_tax_professional","Managing Director of Botax Consulting Indonesia; former Directorate General of Taxes (DJP)","Oleh karena itu, dirinya mendorong pemerintah untuk menerapkan pajak kekayaan atau wealth tax. Ini berbeda dengan PPh, di mana objek pajak dari pajak kekayaan ini adalah kekayaan si wajib pajak itu sendiri.","https://nasional.kontan.co.id/news/menanti-langkah-berani-prabowo-buru-pajak-orang-kaya-indonesia","Harian Kontan","2024-09-23"],["A0041","Wahidin","campaigner","Chairperson of EW-LMND Sumatera Selatan","Melalui mandat Konferwil ini, LMND Sumsel akan konsisten mendorong pemerintah agar mengalokasikan pajak kekayaan secara efektif guna membiayai pendidikan gratis yang berkualitas bagi seluruh rakyat.","https://mattanews.co/wahidin-dan-rohman-resmi-nakhodai-lmnd-sumsel-periode-2026-2028/","Mattanews.co","2026-05-18"],["A0034","Victoria Fanggidae","economist","Executive Director, The PRAKARSA (2025-2030); previously Deputy Director","Tujuan dari wealth tax ini, mengurangi pemusatan kekayaan di segelintir individu sehingga menjaga demokrasi.","https://news.ddtc.co.id/berita/nasional/46423/dorong-sistem-perpajakan-yang-adil-di-asean-pakar-beri-masukan-ini","DDTCNews","2023-03-14"]],"types":{"economist":19,"ngo_campaign":18,"campaigner":8,"politician":5,"legal_tax_professional":5,"think_tank":4,"party":2,"academic":2,"business_leader":1,"journalist":1,"media_outlet":1,"international_body":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":63,"wealth_tax_unspecified":5,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"360"},{"slug":"ie","iso2":"IE","name":"Ireland","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed R001 (2026-10-26): national parties, three TDs and Oxfam Ireland added from opened primary sources. Geography register: 31 statutory local authorities, using Tailte Éireann 2026 boundary IDs. The map is the 31 local authorities from Tailte Éireann (CC BY 4.0, 2026), generalised. The three TDs are temporarily at the country root until their constituencies and current offices are verified from the Oireachtas register. Regional and local research has not begun.","supporters":46,"evidence":46,"A":24,"B":20,"C":2,"units":31,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":7,"updated":"2026-10-26","excluded":1,"polls":[{"support":82,"oppose":14,"scope":"Ireland, 1,016 people questioned","question":"Whether the Government should introduce a wealth tax on individuals with net assets (property, financial assets and luxury items) above 1 million euro who also have an annual income above 100,000 euro; 82% agreed strongly or slightly","question_original":"Do you agree or disagree that the Government should introduce a wealth tax on individuals who have net assets (including property, financial assets and luxury items) which are valued at more than one million euro and who have an annual individual income of more than a hundred thousand euro?","pollster":"MRBI","commissioned_by":"The Community Platform (coalition of social-justice organisations)","fieldwork":"2010 (dates not stated in the analysis)","sample":"1,016 people","published":"2010-11","url":"https://www.nwci.ie/download/pdf/mrbi_poll_analysis.pdf"}],"map_source":"© Tailte Éireann, Local Authorities - National Statutory Boundaries - Ungeneralised - 2026 (https://data.gov.ie/dataset/local-authorities-national-statutory-boundaries-ungeneralised-20261). Generalised and projected for display by this project; this is not Tailte Éireann work or endorsement.","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Dáil Éireann",174,9],["Seanad Éireann",60,3]],"featured":[["A0016","Ciarán Nugent","economist","Economist","We are proposing that Ireland should introduce a tax on net household wealth that targets the wealthiest 1 percent of households.","https://www.oxfamireland.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/wealth-inequality-report-final-version.pdf","Oxfam Ireland","2026-01-19"],["A0017","Sorley McCaughey","campaigner","Tax justice campaigner","We are proposing that Ireland should introduce a tax on net household wealth that targets the wealthiest 1 percent of households.","https://www.oxfamireland.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/wealth-inequality-report-final-version.pdf","Oxfam Ireland","2026-01-19"],["A0014","Richard Boyd Barrett","politician","TD","Our wealth tax would apply only to the 1% of the Irish population that possesses more than €4.7 million in wealth, excluding the family home.","https://www.pbp.ie/oxfam-report-highlights-extreme-wealth-inequality/","People Before Profit","2025-01-20"],["A0031","David McWilliams","economist","Economist, writer and Irish Times columnist","Imagine we decided to introduce a sliding wealth tax of between 0.5 per cent and 5 per cent on wealth.","https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/david-mcwilliams-wealth-tax-for-irish-ultra-rich-makes-sense-1.4039227","The Irish Times","2019-10-05"],["A0039","Thomas P. Broughan","politician","Former Labour TD","Our key proposal was for a wealth tax modelled on the French solidarity tax and yielding up to €450 million.","https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/2013-10-16/8/","Houses of the Oireachtas","2013-10-16"],["A0036","Joe Higgins","politician","Former Socialist Party TD","With an emergency wealth tax of 5% which the top 1% would not miss it would amount to €2.9 billion.","https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/2013-10-15/14/","Houses of the Oireachtas","2013-10-15"],["A0035","Patrick Nulty","politician","Former Labour TD","It could introduce a French-style wealth tax which would raise up to €500 million.","https://www.thejournal.ie/readme/patrick-nulty-budget-2013-labour-699791-Dec2012/","The Journal","2012-12-04"],["A0042","Mick Wallace","politician","Former independent TD and MEP","I am in favour of a one-off solidarity tax on that wealth. Just 1% would bring in more than €2 billion.","https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/2011-12-08/26/","Houses of the Oireachtas","2011-12-08"]],"types":{"politician":22,"economist":8,"party":5,"campaigner":4,"think_tank":2,"journalist":2,"ngo_campaign":1,"union":1,"academic":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":44,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"372"},{"slug":"in","iso2":"IN","name":"India","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: the Union level in every layer reached by web search (think tank and economists behind the 2024 World Inequality Lab proposal, CPI(M) and CPI manifestos, Oxfam India, the Centre for Financial Accountability and Tax the Top campaign, two economists, one Congress leader, the 2020 revenue officers' paper), the 36 states and union territories and 734 districts as a register. First pass R001 and gap pass R002 (2026-10-20). R002 added the Tax the Top petition names and organisations, the campaign's two websites (taxthetop.org read with the headless browser; the older WordPress site and its 2023 op-ed series), the ten central trade unions' 2024 memorandum, the Left parties' joint statement of Feb 2025, CPI(M) and CPI(ML) Liberation manifestos and Central Committee texts (including one in Bengali), the Rozgar Adhikar Abhiyan (Hindi report) and more economists and opinion writers. Hindi, Bengali, Malayalam and Tamil web searches mostly returned Bangladeshi or explainer pages; the Hindi and Bengali finds came from following leads (Nyay Tak, the CPI(M) West Bengal site). Not done: full-text search of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha debates, state assemblies, the full Tax the Top petition list, most media and economists, municipal bodies. The district map uses Survey of India boundaries (CC0 via DataMeet); districts carry Local Government Directory codes, states ISO 3166-2:IN codes.","supporters":96,"evidence":117,"A":27,"B":52,"C":17,"units":773,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":8,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":12,"polls":[{"support":74,"oppose":9,"scope":"India, adults aged 18-65, online","sample":"1,000 respondents in India (21,000 across 21 countries)","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/dfyeeawiq/images/v1718712056/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-India-Country-Deck/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-India-Country-Deck.pdf","question":"Wealthy people paying a higher tax on their wealth, as a means of funding major changes to our economy and lifestyles","question_original":"","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Earth4All and the Global Commons Alliance","fieldwork":"2024-03-05 to 2024-04-08","published":"2024-06"}],"map_source":"Survey of India district and state boundaries (Online Maps Portal, onlinemaps.surveyofindia.gov.in), as republished under CC0 1.0 by the DataMeet community (ramSeraph/indian_admin_boundaries, SOI_Districts and SOI_States); credit: Survey of India, Government of India, and DataMeet. Districts carry Local Government Directory (LGD) codes. Simplified and converted for this map; disputed slivers and the two districts without an LGD code (Muzaffarabad, Mirpur) are left out, and districts created after the survey (Hnahthial, Khawzawl, Vav-Tharad) are drawn inside the district they came from.","map_licence":["CC0-1.0 (DataMeet republication of Survey of India data)","https://github.com/ramSeraph/indianopenmaps/blob/main/DATA_LICENSE.md"],"chambers":[["Lok Sabha",543,4],["Rajya Sabha",245,5]],"featured":[["A0014","Jayati Ghosh","economist","Economist and professor, University of Massachusetts Amherst","One obvious instrument for this is the imposition of wealth taxes on the extremely rich.","https://taxtherichin.wordpress.com/2023/07/07/wealth-tax-keep-it-simple-tax-the-177-dollar-billionaires-in-india/","Deccan Herald (republished by Tax the Top 1%)","2023-07-07"],["A0070","Neeraj Jain","campaigner","Associate editor, Janata Weekly; political activist","Impose a Small Wealth Tax on the Ultra-Rich There is nothing very radical about a wealth tax.","https://janataweekly.org/articles/union-budgets-2014-24-article-18-proposal-for-an-alternate-budget","Janata Weekly","2024-12"],["A0084","Fauzia Khan","politician","Former member of the Rajya Sabha for Maharashtra","There should be 4 per cent wealth tax on punjipatis in the Finance Bill.","https://cms.rajyasabha.nic.in/UploadedFiles/Debates/VerbatimDebates/267/1122025/Full%20Day//11.02.2025%20full%20day%20with%20Supplement.pdf","Rajya Sabha Secretariat","2025-02-11"],["A0055","Anirban Bhattacharya","campaigner","Leads the National Finance team, Centre for Financial Accountability (2023); campaigns dir","Only a 2% wealth tax on the top 1% could generate about INR 8.54 lakh crore for the exchequer.","https://taxtherichin.wordpress.com/2023/07/21/to-tackle-the-climate-crisis-address-inequality/","Deccan Herald (republished by Tax the Top 1%)","2023-07-21"],["A0060","Anjana Thampi","economist","Associate Professor of Economics, Jindal Global Law School, O P Jindal Global University","Our calculations show that a flat 2% wealth tax on the top 1% would have generated about Rs 8.54 lakh crore in 2021.","https://taxtherichin.wordpress.com/2023/06/02/mind-the-wealth-gap-bridge-it-with-wealth-tax/","Deccan Herald (republished by Tax the Top 1%)","2023-06-02"],["A0074","Bansa Gopal Chowdhury","politician","Former member of the Lok Sabha for Asansol (15th Lok Sabha), CPI(M) at the time","For net wealth Rs. 5 crore to Rs. 20 crore the wealth tax should be 1 per cent.","https://elibrary.sansad.in/server/api/core/bitstreams/92fc9d41-b50a-47c0-9d6b-93b2228dc60b/content","Lok Sabha Secretariat","2012-05-08"],["A0059","Ishan Anand","economist","Teaches economics at IIT Delhi (2023)","Our calculations show that a flat 2% wealth tax on the top 1% would have generated about Rs 8.54 lakh crore in 2021.","https://taxtherichin.wordpress.com/2023/06/02/mind-the-wealth-gap-bridge-it-with-wealth-tax/","Deccan Herald (republished by Tax the Top 1%)","2023-06-02"]],"types":{"politician":30,"economist":17,"campaigner":15,"union":12,"ngo_campaign":6,"party":5,"journalist":5,"legal_tax_professional":2,"think_tank":1,"union_official":1,"academic":1,"wealthy_individual":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":59,"annual_net_wealth":21,"billionaire_minimum":12,"defend_existing":10,"one_off_levy":3},"numeric":"356"},{"slug":"ir","iso2":"IR","name":"Iran","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Iran register R001 seed pass. Administrative tree covers 31 provinces (ostan) and 429 counties (shahrestan) from UN OCHA COD-AB under CC-BY-3.0-IGO.","supporters":8,"evidence":8,"A":1,"B":7,"C":0,"units":461,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":2,"updated":"2026-10-30","excluded":58,"polls":[],"map_source":"UN OCHA COD-AB via HDX","map_licence":["CC-BY-3.0-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode"],"chambers":[],"featured":[],"types":{"academic":3,"economist":3,"politician":1,"union":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":7,"annual_net_wealth":1},"numeric":"364"},{"slug":"it","iso2":"IT","name":"Italy","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national, regional and local (register and map to the comune; local sweeping sampled). Covers the May 2024 Manifesto per un'agenda Tax the Rich per l'Italia (134 economists from 50 universities), the May 2026 popular initiative bill 1% Equo (11 first signatories, PRC and Comitato 1% Equo), the 2020 Orfini-Fratoianni budget amendment, the 2024–2026 AVS parliamentary amendments and Restituzione fiscale package, the Fondazione Demo (Felice-Visco) 2–3% Zucman-tax dossier, M5S's financial-wealth levy and parliamentary supporters (Appendino, Tridico), CGIL and Maurizio Landini, Oxfam Italia (#LaGrandeRicchezza), Campagna Sbilanciamoci!, Forum Disuguaglianze e Diversità, Patriotic Millionaires, Carlo De Benedetti, Flavio Insinna, opinion journalists, and a regional/local sample (Bolzano Voto n. 39/25, Lucca). Register: root, Parlamento, 20 regions (ISO 3166-2:IT), 107 provinces/metropolitan cities/free municipal consortia (ISTAT UTS codes) and 7,896 comuni (ISTAT, 1 Jan 2025). Map: ISTAT generalised boundaries 1 Jan 2025, CC BY 4.0.","supporters":175,"evidence":183,"A":168,"B":7,"C":0,"units":8024,"units_done":2,"units_with_supporters":76,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":10,"polls":[{"support":69,"scope":"Italy, adults","question":"Progressive wealth tax on net wealth above EUR 5m (57.1% for a generic wealth tax without threshold)","pollster":"Eumetra","commissioned_by":"Piazzapulita (La7)","fieldwork":"2026-06","published":"2026-06-10","url":"https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2026/06/10/patrimoniale-economisti-riforma-fiscale-notizie/8415001/"},{"support":70,"scope":"Italy, adults","question":"A European tax on large fortunes, which in Italy would apply to the richest 0.1% (about 50,000 people with net wealth above EUR 5.4m)","pollster":"Istituto Demopolis","commissioned_by":"Oxfam Italia","fieldwork":"2024-09","published":"2024-09-26","url":"https://www.oxfamitalia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/CS_OXFAM_GLI-ITALIANI-E-LA-GRANDE-RICCHEZZA_nuovo-sondaggio-di-DEMOPOLIS-PER-OXFAM_definitivo.pdf","sample":"over 4,000 respondents"}],"map_source":"Contains ISTAT data: Confini delle unita amministrative a fini statistici al 1 gennaio 2025 (generalizzati), ISTAT, CC BY 4.0; simplified for display","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Camera dei deputati",400,6],["Senato della Repubblica",205,1]],"featured":[],"types":{"economist":136,"politician":18,"party":6,"ngo_campaign":4,"journalist":4,"campaigner":2,"union":1,"think_tank":1,"union_official":1,"wealthy_individual":1,"cultural_figure":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":168,"billionaire_minimum":6,"partial_wealth":1,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1},"numeric":"380"},{"slug":"jp","iso2":"JP","name":"Japan","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Scope: national (Diet, parties, unions, economists, commentators), 47 prefectures and 1,749 municipalities (JIS X 0401/0402). Seed pass R001. Review 2026-10-24 (R004): party-platform and roster rows removed; 31 supporters remain. Map vintage: GSI Global Map Japan 2016 (1,749 units); municipal mergers since then are not reflected.","supporters":31,"evidence":31,"A":15,"B":16,"C":0,"units":1800,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":17,"updated":"2026-10-24","excluded":2,"polls":[],"map_source":"Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) Global Map Japan (2016) via jpn-atlas, BSD-3-Clause","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0 (GSI Terms of Use / BSD-3-Clause)","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["House of Representatives (Shūgiin)",465,0],["House of Councillors (Sangiin)",248,3]],"featured":[],"types":{"campaigner":8,"legal_tax_professional":7,"politician":6,"academic":5,"party":3,"economist":2},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":29,"one_off_levy":1,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1},"numeric":"392"},{"slug":"kr","iso2":"KR","name":"South Korea","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: partial seed. Scope: national; regional and local supporters have not been systematically researched. Geography and map use SGIS-derived 2026-10-01 boundaries (CC BY 4.0; Statistics Korea KOGL Type 1), with non-autonomous districts merged into their city. Codes await independent comparison with an official current list. Historical statements do not establish current support.","supporters":41,"evidence":46,"A":16,"B":25,"C":0,"units":246,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":22,"updated":"2026-10-28","excluded":3,"polls":[],"map_source":"Statistics Korea SGIS (KOGL Type 1), modified by vuski/admdongkor (CC BY 4.0), dissolved to local governments, 2026-10-01","map_licence":["CC BY 4.0; KOGL Type 1","https://github.com/vuski/admdongkor/blob/master/LICENSE-DATA"],"chambers":[["National Assembly",300,1]],"featured":[],"types":{"politician":24,"party":5,"campaigner":4,"economist":3,"academic":2,"union":1,"journalist":1,"legal_tax_professional":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":40,"partial_wealth":2,"annual_net_wealth":1},"numeric":"410"},{"slug":"ma","iso2":"MA","name":"Morocco","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Morocco register: seed pass. National level, 12 regions and 75 provinces and prefectures loaded from geoBoundaries gbOpen (ODbL 1.0 / OpenStreetMap contributors).","supporters":21,"evidence":21,"A":7,"B":14,"C":0,"units":89,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":4,"updated":"2026-10-30","excluded":13,"polls":[],"map_source":"geoBoundaries gbOpen / OpenStreetMap contributors","map_licence":["ODbL-1.0","https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"],"chambers":[["Chambre des Représentants",395,0]],"featured":[],"types":{"politician":6,"party":6,"ngo_campaign":5,"union":2,"campaigner":1,"economist":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":12,"annual_net_wealth":9},"numeric":"504"},{"slug":"ml","iso2":"ML","name":"Mali","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Mali register: seed pass. National level and regions. 160 cercles loaded from official Institut Géographique du Mali (IGM) data via OCHA COD-AB (CC BY-IGO 3.0).","supporters":2,"evidence":2,"A":1,"B":1,"C":0,"units":182,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":8,"polls":[],"map_source":"Mali Institut Geographique (IGM) via OCHA HDX","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO-3.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode"],"chambers":[],"featured":[["A0002","Clément Dembélé","politician","Presidential candidate (2018); president of the PCC","Je mettrai en place l’ISF qui est l’Impôt de Solidarité sur la Fortune et qui sera basé sur la réalisation minière, immobilière et sur la déclaration des revenus dans les banques avec un petit prélèvement.","https://bamada.net/professeur-clement-mahamadou-dembele-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-de-2018-je-veux-incarner-lespoir-des-maliens","Bamada.net","2018-01-17"]],"types":{"politician":2},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":2},"numeric":"466"},{"slug":"mw","iso2":"MW","name":"Malawi","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed pass. Geography: 3 regions (Northern, Central, Southern) and 32 local councils (28 districts and 4 city councils). Boundaries: OCHA Common Operational Datasets (COD-AB) from the National Statistics Office of Malawi, published under CC BY-IGO.","supporters":8,"evidence":8,"A":0,"B":7,"C":1,"units":35,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":4,"updated":"2026-10-31","excluded":12,"polls":[],"map_source":"National Statistics Office of Malawi via OCHA HDX COD-AB","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-mwi"],"chambers":[],"featured":[],"types":{"campaigner":2,"ngo_campaign":2,"economist":1,"think_tank":1,"faith":1,"union":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":8},"numeric":"454"},{"slug":"mx","iso2":"MX","name":"Mexico","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Seed pass begun 2026-10-25 and completed 2026-10-26. National layers searched, with a sample of regional and local sources. Spanish and English searched; indigenous-language sources remain a coverage gap. Official INEGI municipality/alcaldía map and register; most local units remain unswept. Further legislative and report-author harvesting is planned.","supporters":40,"evidence":40,"A":20,"B":18,"C":2,"units":2510,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":4,"updated":"2026-10-26","excluded":18,"polls":[],"map_source":"Fuente: INEGI, Marco Geoestadístico, diciembre de 2025, via Catálogo Único web service (retrieved 2026-10-25). Simplified and projected by this project; these transformations are not INEGI work or endorsement.","map_licence":["INEGI Términos de Libre Uso","https://www.inegi.org.mx/inegi/terminos.html"],"chambers":[["Cámara de Diputados",500,3],["Senado de la República",128,1]],"featured":[],"types":{"campaigner":16,"politician":9,"ngo_campaign":6,"academic":3,"party":2,"think_tank":1,"media_outlet":1,"economist":1,"business_leader":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":21,"wealth_tax_unspecified":17,"partial_wealth":1,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"484"},{"slug":"my","iso2":"MY","name":"Malaysia","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed pass with wide sweeps across all layers. Scope: National level (Dewan Rakyat, political parties, trade unions, NGOs, think tanks, economists, columnists/media), with 16 states and federal territories and 144 administrative districts in the geography register. District boundaries and state outlines from Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) via OCHA Common Operational Datasets (cod-ab-mys), CC BY-IGO. Review 2026-10-24 (R004): 4 rows removed, 3 regraded.","supporters":28,"evidence":34,"A":11,"B":17,"C":0,"units":163,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":21,"updated":"2026-10-24","excluded":15,"polls":[],"map_source":"Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) via OCHA Common Operational Datasets (cod-ab-mys), CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-mys"],"chambers":[["Dewan Rakyat",222,3],["Dewan Negara",70,0]],"featured":[["A0004","Charles Santiago","politician","Member of Parliament for Klang (2008–2022)","I am more attracted to the idea of a wealth tax... It would be like getting rid of a Lamborghini or something like that. It would not make much difference to them.","https://www.scoop.my/news/301096/like-giving-up-a-lamborghini-santiago-says-wealth-tax-on-super-rich-could-raise-rm10-bil/","Scoop","2026-10-20"],["A0010","Kua Kia Soong","academic","Academic, sociologist, former MP for Petaling Jaya (1990–1995)","Option 1: A 2% tax on the top 100 richest people in Malaysia... Option 2: A broader, graduated wealth tax – 1% on wealth above RM100m and 1.5% on wealth above RM500m.","https://aliran.com/civil-society-voices/could-a-wealth-tax-fix-malaysias-inequality-crisis","Aliran","2026-04-07"]],"types":{"politician":12,"economist":4,"campaigner":3,"think_tank":3,"academic":2,"journalist":2,"party":1,"ngo_campaign":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":21,"wealth_tax_unspecified":6,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"458"},{"slug":"ng","iso2":"NG","name":"Nigeria","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national, regional (36 states and the Federal Capital Territory) and local (774 Local Government Areas, sampled). The geography register holds the country root, three federal institutions, 36 states + FCT (OSGOF / OCHA COD-AB P-codes NG001–NG037) and 774 Local Government Areas (NG001001–NG037006), with a local-tier map from OSGOF / eHealth Africa / UNCS via OCHA HDX (cod-ab-nga, CC-BY-IGO-3.0). Review 2026-10-24 (R003): removed rows that named land, property, luxury or income taxes or only \"tax the rich\"; 39 supporters remain.","supporters":39,"evidence":40,"A":31,"B":5,"C":3,"units":814,"units_done":41,"units_with_supporters":9,"updated":"2026-10-24","excluded":11,"polls":[],"map_source":"Office for the Surveyor General of the Federation of Nigeria (OSGOF), eHealth Africa and UNCS via OCHA HDX (cod-ab-nga)","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO-3.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode"],"chambers":[["House of Representatives",360,0],["Senate of Nigeria",109,0]],"featured":[["A0025","Anthony Kamande","economist","Inequality Research and Policy Advisor, Oxfam International; co-author of the 2024 Nigeria","A progressive wealth tax should be implemented to ensure that the wealthiest Nigerians contribute a fair share to social development.","https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/POLICY%20BRIEF%20-%20The%20Inequality%20Study%20-%20Oxfam%20Nigeria%20%5BWEB%5D.pdf?VersionId=l6qTvy6zHRQvw5qVoERbhbP_kJCD2DVe","Oxfam in Nigeria","2024-10-15"],["A0004","Auwal Musa Rafsanjani","campaigner","Executive Director, Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre (CISLAC)","Implement a Net Wealth Tax: A comprehensive annual wealth tax on fortunes exceeding $5 million, $50 million, and $1 billion could raise over $6 billion.","https://tribuneonlineng.com/nigeria-can-generate-n4-59trn-from-taxing-4690-wealthiest-citizens-yearly-cislac/","Nigerian Tribune","2024-10-15"],["A0006","Tijani Ahmed Hamza","campaigner","Country Director, Oxfam in Nigeria","Nigeria is borrowing to pay debts because we refuse to tax the super-rich. We are starving our schools and hospitals to feed our creditors, while granting tax waivers to monopolies that are already posting record profits.","https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/01/billionaire-wealth-jumps-3-times-faster-in-2025-to-18-3trn-oxfam/","Vanguard","2026-01-20"],["A0017","Mtwalo Msoni","economist","Policy Lead (Tax and Equity), Tax Justice Network Africa; lead author of Taxing the Rich: ","For instance, introducing a progressive net wealth tax in Nigeria could raise more than $6 billion annually with rates at 2% on wealth over $5 million, 5% on wealth over $50 million and 10% on wealth over $1 billion.","https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/Taxing%20the%20Rich%20Spread.pdf?VersionId=0nArswGanmdZOgSm4gvshQZvXqKBUU_8","Oxfam in Nigeria, TJNA, and CISLAC","2024-10-15"],["A0008","Henry Ushie","campaigner","Accountable Governance Programme Manager and Fiscal Accountability for Inequality Reductio","A progressive wealth tax should be implemented to ensure that the wealthiest Nigerians contribute a fair share to social development.","https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/POLICY%20BRIEF%20-%20The%20Inequality%20Study%20-%20Oxfam%20Nigeria%20%5BWEB%5D.pdf?VersionId=l6qTvy6zHRQvw5qVoERbhbP_kJCD2DVe","Oxfam in Nigeria","2024-10-15"],["A0009","Chinedu Bassey","campaigner","National Coordinator, Tax Justice and Governance Platform, and Programme Officer (Tax Just","A progressive wealth tax should be implemented to ensure that the wealthiest Nigerians contribute a fair share to social development.","https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/POLICY%20BRIEF%20-%20The%20Inequality%20Study%20-%20Oxfam%20Nigeria%20%5BWEB%5D.pdf?VersionId=l6qTvy6zHRQvw5qVoERbhbP_kJCD2DVe","Oxfam in Nigeria","2024-10-15"],["A0010","Regina Afiemo","campaigner","Deputy Programmes Director and Policy and Advocacy Coordinator, Oxfam in Nigeria","A progressive wealth tax should be implemented to ensure that the wealthiest Nigerians contribute a fair share to social development.","https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/POLICY%20BRIEF%20-%20The%20Inequality%20Study%20-%20Oxfam%20Nigeria%20%5BWEB%5D.pdf?VersionId=l6qTvy6zHRQvw5qVoERbhbP_kJCD2DVe","Oxfam in Nigeria","2024-10-15"],["A0019","Kwesi Obeng","campaigner","Regional Inequality Lead, Oxfam in West Africa; co-author of the 2024 Nigeria Inequality S","A progressive wealth tax should be implemented to ensure that the wealthiest Nigerians contribute a fair share to social development.","https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/POLICY%20BRIEF%20-%20The%20Inequality%20Study%20-%20Oxfam%20Nigeria%20%5BWEB%5D.pdf?VersionId=l6qTvy6zHRQvw5qVoERbhbP_kJCD2DVe","Oxfam in Nigeria","2024-10-15"]],"types":{"campaigner":17,"ngo_campaign":10,"economist":4,"legal_tax_professional":2,"think_tank":1,"faith":1,"journalist":1,"union":1,"union_official":1,"politician":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":34,"wealth_tax_unspecified":5},"numeric":"566"},{"slug":"nl","iso2":"NL","name":"Netherlands","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Wide national, supranational and targeted local research in progress; not saturated. R001–R005:203 supporters and244 evidence records. R005 adds14 actors and15 records:12 public Dutch signatories of a G20 wealth-tax letter and2 original policy authors, plus new evidence for Joris Thijssen. IMPORTANT SCOPE:59 supporters currently have only evidence for developing a wealth-related exit-tax proposal. International proposals, wealth caps, temporary taxes and conditional designs remain explicit. Letter publication dates are not individual signature timestamps. All evidence verified=n for maintainer review; older runs not fully rechecked. Official CBS2026 map/register:342 municipalities and12 provinces, CC BY4.0; Caribbean public bodies outside map. Local institutional coverage remains preliminary. See area_profile.md and qa_R005.md. Review 2026-10-24 (R006): the exit-tax-only votes were removed; 144 supporters remain.","supporters":145,"evidence":175,"A":100,"B":43,"C":2,"units":358,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":10,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":12,"polls":[{"support":72,"oppose":null,"scope":"Netherlands, adults","question":"Higher taxes for the super-rich (as cited by Oxfam Novib)","pollster":"cited in Oxfam Novib report","commissioned_by":"Oxfam Novib","fieldwork":"","sample":"","published":"2025-01-24","url":"https://www.accountancyvanmorgen.nl/2025/01/24/oxfam-ongelijkheid-groeit-door-fiscaal-beleid-dat-vermogens-bevoordeelt/"}],"map_source":"CBS Gebiedsindelingen 2026 via PDOK; generalized municipalities and provinces, accessed 2026-10-23; © CBS, CC BY 4.0; simplified for display","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Tweede Kamer",150,7],["Eerste Kamer",75,4]],"featured":[["A0186","Bram Joanknecht","campaigner","Expert on economic equality at Oxfam Novib","Om dit recht te trekken is een vermogensbelasting voor de allerrijksten keihard nodig.","https://www.oxfamnovib.nl/actueel/persberichten/23438-oxfam-novib-lanceert-nieuwe-belastingontwijking-game-ren-je-rijk","www.oxfamnovib.nl","2024-10-29"],["A0179","Tom Ribbens","journalist","Social worker and published opinion writer","Het plafond van de SP ligt bij 50 miljoen, alles daarboven gaat terug voor herverdeling in de collectieve voorzieningen.","https://www.bnnvara.nl/joop/artikelen/waarom-iedereen-op-links-zou-moeten-stemmen-en-het-toch-niet-doet","BNNVARA Joop","2025-10-26"],["A0142","Lilian Marijnissen","politician","SP party leader and parliamentary leader at date of the proposal","Wij belasten de superrijken een beetje meer en kunnen hiermee de oneerlijke btw-verhoging terugdraaien.","https://www.sp.nl/nieuws/draai-de-btw-verhoging-terug-via-miljonairsbelasting","SP","2019-02-09"],["A0165","Charlie Bruijsten","legal_tax_professional","Tax professional and NLFiscaal opinion author","Haal deze bepalingen uit de inkomstenbelasting en breng ze onder in een afzonderlijke vermogensbelasting.","https://www.nlfiscaal.nl/nlfiscaal-doc/F24DC02844A94128BA08250124A4ECA8","NLFiscaal","2026-09-23"],["A0134","Henry Meijer","legal_tax_professional","Tax adviser and author; former founder/director of MFAS","Invoering van een brede vermogensbelasting kan zorgen voor meer evenwicht.","https://www.nlfiscaal.nl/nlfiscaal-doc/8D007F26AB8A4859B534500433E28EC0","www.nlfiscaal.nl","2026-09-14"],["A0143","Arnold Merkies","politician","Member of the Tweede Kamer at the date of the statement","Wat wij hebben voorgesteld, is een miljonairsbelasting. Die gaat pas in vanaf 1 miljoen.","https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/h-tk-20152016-8-4.html","Staten-Generaal","2015-09-30"],["A0137","Jan Soons","legal_tax_professional","Jurist, social economist and published author","Dat is rechtvaardig, want er wordt geheven naar de omvang van ieders vermogen.","https://www.bnnvara.nl/joop/artikelen/groeiende-kloof-tussen-arm-en-rijk-ligt-aan-belastingstelsel","www.bnnvara.nl","2026-04-21"]],"types":{"politician":55,"economist":24,"party":17,"campaigner":11,"journalist":8,"wealthy_individual":7,"legal_tax_professional":7,"ngo_campaign":4,"academic":4,"union":2,"think_tank":2,"business_leader":1,"faith":1,"union_official":1,"government_body":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":97,"annual_net_wealth":35,"partial_wealth":20,"billionaire_minimum":8},"numeric":"528"},{"slug":"no","iso2":"NO","name":"Norway","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Scope: national (Stortinget, regjeringen), regional (15 fylker) and local (357 kommuner) level. First pass R001 covers prominent supporters across all key layers. Review 2026-10-24: removed 154 rows that were not evidence of support (see R013); 145 supporters remain.","supporters":145,"evidence":148,"A":82,"B":63,"C":0,"units":374,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":13,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":0,"polls":[],"map_source":"Kartverket (Norwegian Mapping Authority), Administrative enheter kommuner (2024), CC BY 4.0","map_licence":["CC BY 4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Stortinget",169,11]],"featured":[["A0183","Sindre Farstad","economist","Chief Economist, Pensjonistforbundet","Vi støtter prinsippet om at personer med betydelig formue, også pensjonister, bør bidra gjennom formuesskatten.","https://www.stortinget.no/no/Hva-skjer-pa-Stortinget/Horing/horingsinnspill/?dnid=63028&h=10005545","Stortinget","2025-10-16"],["A0007","Kirsti Bergstø","politician","Party leader, Socialist Left Party; Member of the Storting for Akershus","Vi ønsker en omfordelende skattepolitikk, der vi sikrer at de som har mest, også betaler mer. Vi må se på totalen når vi skal diskutere skattepolitikken for fremtiden, sier SV-lederen.","https://www.frifagbevegelse.no/nyheter/skatteforliket-na-er-sv-lederen-bekymret/921195","FriFagbevegelse","2026-06-18"],["A0182","Jan Davidsen","union_official","President, Pensjonistforbundet (2015–2026) & former President of Fagforbundet","Vi støtter prinsippet om at personer med betydelig formue, også pensjonister, bør bidra gjennom formuesskatten.","https://www.stortinget.no/no/Hva-skjer-pa-Stortinget/Horing/horingsinnspill/?dnid=63028&h=10005545","Stortinget","2025-10-16"],["A0027","Guttorm Schjelderup","economist","Professor of Economics and Tax; Director of NoCeT, Norwegian School of Economics","I Menons eksempler brukes emisjonsverdien som om selskapene var børsnoterte. Dermed blåses formuesskattens betydning opp i en slik grad at den farger resultatene.","https://www.nhh.no/nhh-bulletin/artikkelarkiv/2024/desember/graverende-feil-i-nhos-skatterapport/","Norges Handelshøyskole (NHH)","2024-12-02"],["A0242","Rasmus Hansson","politician","Former member of the Storting; former national spokesperson, MDG","I lys av den svenske velferdskrisen og antallet svenske milliardærer, er det vanskelig å ikke føle sinne over at det ser ut til å være ganske mye kapital som ikke beskattes hardere.","https://agendamagasin.no/debatt/norske-milliardaerer-er-misunnelig-pa-skatteparadiset-sverige/","Agenda Magasin","2024-04-25"],["A0194","Helle Cecilie Palmer","think_tank","Editor and commentator, Tankesmien Agenda / Agenda Magasin","Det er en eneste grunn til at formuesskatten blir så heftig diskutert rundt om nå i slutten av valgkampen: fordi det sitter noen få, superrike mennesker og har enormt mye å tjene på høyresidens planlagte skattekutt.","https://agendamagasin.no/kommentarer/formuesskatt-er-frihet-for-folk-flest/","Agenda Magasin","2025-08-28"],["A0225","Wegard Harsvik","union_official","Leder for samfunnskontakt og strategi i LO, forfatter","Når Høyre også har et valgløfte om å kutte 7 milliarder i formuesskatten neste periode, hvor 6 av dem går til landets 1 % rikeste, er det ikke så vanskelig å skjønne hva som ligger bak.","https://agendamagasin.no/kommentarer/hoyre-for-de-rike/","Agenda Magasin","2025-08-20"],["A0028","Petter Bjerksund","economist","Professor of Finance, Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)","I Menons eksempler brukes emisjonsverdien som om selskapene var børsnoterte. Dermed blåses formuesskattens betydning opp i en slik grad at den farger resultatene.","https://www.nhh.no/nhh-bulletin/artikkelarkiv/2024/desember/graverende-feil-i-nhos-skatterapport/","Norges Handelshøyskole (NHH)","2024-12-02"]],"types":{"economist":28,"politician":24,"think_tank":22,"union_official":17,"campaigner":16,"party":9,"union":9,"journalist":6,"academic":6,"ngo_campaign":4,"wealthy_individual":2,"media_outlet":1,"faith":1},"designs":{"defend_existing":113,"annual_net_wealth":33,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"578"},{"slug":"nz","iso2":"NZ","name":"New Zealand","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed plus broad follow-up. 59 supporters and 61 evidence records across national parties, individual politicians, campaigns, unions, economists, commentators, faith and business. Two named-list harvests completed; historical positions distinguished from current policy. Local sample only. All 67 territorial authorities (Stats NZ 2026) and 16 regions (2025), official codes, CC BY 4.0; cross-region authorities at country root. Unswept councils pending. Not saturated: see area_profile.md and R002 for gaps and priorities.","supporters":59,"evidence":62,"A":25,"B":33,"C":1,"units":83,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":10,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":7,"polls":[{"support":64,"oppose":26,"scope":"New Zealand adults aged 18 and over","question":"Do you support the introduction of a wealth tax: a 2.5% tax on an individual’s net assets above $10 million with an exemption for family homes?","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Ipsos (no external sponsors or partners)","fieldwork":"3–11 September 2026","sample":1003,"published":"2026-09-24","url":"https://www.ipsos.com/en-nz/34th-ipsos-nz-issues-monitor-sept-2026"}],"map_source":"Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa, Territorial Authority 2026 and Regional Council 2025 (CC BY 4.0). Generalised for display in NZTM2000; regional coastal overlays clipped to territorial-authority extent. Sources: https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=b7f8726da7f6467a9cb42221b0013938 and https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=e83157765acf4fca90a255888a368182","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["New Zealand House of Representatives",123,9]],"featured":[["A0032","Gordon Campbell","journalist","Political columnist","On the evidence, a wealth tax would be entirely justified on the grounds of fairness and equity.","https://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL2505/S00054/on-wealth-taxes-and-capital-flight.htm","Scoop","2025-05-28"]],"types":{"politician":14,"ngo_campaign":7,"campaigner":7,"party":5,"faith":5,"journalist":4,"economist":4,"union_official":3,"union":2,"wealthy_individual":2,"business_leader":2,"legal_tax_professional":2,"academic":1,"media_outlet":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":37,"annual_net_wealth":22,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"554"},{"slug":"pe","iso2":"PE","name":"Peru","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed research in progress. District map uses OCHA/IGN 2020 boundaries reviewed in 2025: 1,872 matched districts; 21 districts in the 2026 register have no individual shape, and one unmatched composite is omitted. Parliamentary seat figures reflect official roster entries on 28 October 2026, including entries with an empty or elected status.","supporters":29,"evidence":31,"A":21,"B":8,"C":0,"units":2114,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":6,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":1,"polls":[],"map_source":"UN OCHA HDX Peru COD-AB / Instituto Geografico Nacional, 2020 boundaries reviewed 2025; 21 register districts have no separate shape","map_licence":["CC-BY-3.0-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[["Senado de la República",60,1],["Cámara de Diputados",130,0]],"featured":[["A0019","Verónika Mendoza","politician","Former congresswoman and regional candidate","Plantemos un impuesto a las grandes fortunas arriba de US$ 100 millones.","https://elcomercio.pe/economia/peru/veronika-mendoza-un-impuesto-a-la-riqueza-de-1-recaudaria-lo-suficiente-para-comprar-camas-uci-nndc-noticia/","El Comercio","2021-03-28"]],"types":{"politician":16,"economist":3,"party":3,"ngo_campaign":2,"academic":2,"union":1,"union_official":1,"campaigner":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":15,"annual_net_wealth":14},"numeric":"604"},{"slug":"ph","iso2":"PH","name":"Philippines","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed in progress. Geography: PSA PSGC July 2026 mirror cross-checked against PSA Q3 counts; 18 regions, 82 provinces, 149 cities and 1,493 municipalities. Map: geoph synthesized 2024 administrative configuration, generalized and unofficial, CC BY 4.0; PSGC codes matched to all 1,642 local units. Boundaries are not authoritative; see area profile for vintage, method and credits.","supporters":50,"evidence":52,"A":21,"B":29,"C":0,"units":1742,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":7,"updated":"2026-10-28","excluded":0,"polls":[],"map_source":"PSA and NAMRIA boundaries via UN OCHA HDX; reconciled and generalized by geoph, 2024 configuration with 2026 PSGC codes","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[],"featured":[["A0013","Solita Collas-Monsod","economist","Economist and former socioeconomic planning secretary","Why don't we ask our Congress to impose a one-time wealth tax on the 50 wealthiest Filipinos in the country?","https://philstarlife.com/news-and-views/661907-wealth-tax-fuel-price-hike-crisis","PhilSTAR Life","2026-03-21"]],"types":{"politician":18,"ngo_campaign":13,"union":6,"party":3,"economist":2,"academic":2,"union_official":2,"think_tank":1,"campaigner":1,"journalist":1,"legal_tax_professional":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":30,"annual_net_wealth":17,"one_off_levy":3},"numeric":"608"},{"slug":"pl","iso2":"PL","name":"Poland","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: national research in progress; not saturated. R001-R004 (2026-10-22 to 2026-10-23): 295 supporters and 312 evidence records. R004 added 33 actors: 30 additional public-role manifesto endorsements and three personal expert endorsements. The roster cumulatively provides 251 B-grade endorsements (245 new actors); wealth design unspecified, and 2021-04-19 is its edition date, not individual signing dates. All evidence remains verified=n for maintainer review. R004 quotation check: all33 found. Earlier PDF/short-name manual checks and QA scope are documented in research ledgers. Official TERYT/TERC geography: 16 voivodeships, 380 county-level units and2479 gminas, state2026-01-01. Subnational coverage pending. Map: GUGiK Państwowy Rejestr Granic (2,479 gminas, 380 powiats, 16 voivodeships, TERYT codes). Further personal statements, named parliamentary acts and coalition research remain priorities. Review 2026-10-24 (R005): roster rows regraded to C, EP votes confirmed; map added (see pl.md).","supporters":295,"evidence":312,"A":40,"B":11,"C":244,"units":2875,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":8,"updated":"2026-10-24","excluded":9,"polls":[],"map_source":"Główny Urząd Geodezji i Kartografii, Państwowy Rejestr Granic (PRG), jednostki administracyjne, version of October 2026; 'Wykorzystano/opracowano na podstawie materiałów państwowego zasobu geodezyjnego i kartograficznego'","map_licence":["Use without restriction (PZGiK material under the Prawo geodezyjne i kartograficzne; dane.gov.pl terms; credit required)","https://dane.gov.pl/pl/dataset/726"],"chambers":[["Sejm",460,1],["Senat",100,0]],"featured":[["A0295","Marek Ignaszak","economist","Economic policy analyst, European Commission Joint Research Centre; former assistant profe","W świetle tego, co powiedzieliśmy wyżej, to rozwiązanie ma sens szczególnie w połączeniu z obniżeniem podatków dochodowych.","https://www.money.pl/podatki/system-idealny-liniowy-podatek-i-bezwarunkowe-transfery-spoleczne-opinia-7117654626016064a.html","Money.pl","2025-01-25"],["A0006","Rafał Woś","journalist","Economic journalist and columnist","Wystarczyłoby wprowadzić w życie podatek majątkowy, o którym Saez i Zucman trąbią od wielu lat.","https://www.tygodnikpowszechny.pl/covid-owy-jezdziec-163200","Tygodnik Powszechny","2020-04-30"],["A0043","Stefan Paweł Załęski","academic","Sociologist and lecturer","Tymczasem najpilniejsze wydaje się opodatkowanie majątków wirtualnych, czyli instrumentów finansowych.","https://nowyobywatel.pl/2020/06/02/funkcjonalne-zroznicowanie-podatkow-majatkowych/","Nowy Obywatel","2020-06-02"],["A0293","Michał Myck","economist","Director and board member of CenEA; professor of economics, Polish Academy of Sciences","Obciążenie podatkami majątku dawałoby możliwość zebrania dodatkowych pieniędzy potencjalnie bez wielkiego wpływu na poziom aktywności gospodarczej.","https://biznes.interia.pl/podatki/news-myck-unia-musi-poradzic-sobie-z-unikaniem-opodatkowania,nId,4548547","Interia Biznes","2020-06-11"],["A0004","Artur Troost","journalist","Columnist and doctoral researcher","Wiele problemów rozwiązałoby wprowadzenie globalnych standardów podatkowych na tym polu.","https://krytykapolityczna.pl/swiat/podatek-majatkowy-emigracja-bogatych/","Krytyka Polityczna","2026-10-19"],["A0032","Aleksander Radomski","journalist","Opinion author","Opodatkowanie majątków to jedno z najbardziej skutecznych narzędzi ograniczania nierówności.","https://trybuna.info/opinie/o-demokracji-w-cieniu-miliarderow/","Dziennik Trybuna","2025-05-14"]],"types":{"academic":173,"economist":50,"campaigner":15,"cultural_figure":15,"journalist":14,"politician":13,"union_official":6,"ngo_campaign":5,"party":3,"union":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":289,"annual_net_wealth":7,"partial_wealth":2,"exit_tax":1,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"616"},{"slug":"pt","iso2":"PT","name":"Portugal","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed research in progress: national supporters, regional and local samples planned. Geography: 308 municipalities under 18 mainland districts and 11 island units (CAOP 2025); municipality and district/island boundaries © DGT via Esri Portugal, CC BY 4.0. Local units have not yet been swept.","supporters":41,"evidence":45,"A":33,"B":6,"C":2,"units":337,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":7,"updated":"2026-10-30","excluded":2,"polls":[],"map_source":"Direção-Geral do Território (DGT), CAOP 2025 via Esri Portugal","map_licence":["CC-BY-4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"chambers":[["Assembleia da República",230,13]],"featured":[["A0002","Mariana Mortágua","politician","Former coordinator of Bloco de Esquerda","Não é um imposto para a generalidade da população, é um imposto para a minoria das minorias das minorias que detém a maioria da riqueza e que contribui para uma economia de desigualdades.","https://observador.pt/2024/11/11/be-propoe-taxar-fortunas-acima-de-tres-milhoes-de-euros-e-criar-o-imposto-elon-musk/","Lusa / Observador","2024-11-11"]],"types":{"politician":27,"party":5,"economist":4,"think_tank":1,"union":1,"academic":1,"international_body":1,"ngo_campaign":1},"designs":{"billionaire_minimum":15,"partial_wealth":9,"annual_net_wealth":8,"wealth_tax_unspecified":8,"one_off_levy":1},"numeric":"620"},{"slug":"ro","iso2":"RO","name":"Romania","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed research in progress. Geography: INS SIRUTA S1 2026, CC BY 4.0, normalized by romania/siruta. No local sweep completed. No map: geo-spatial.org offers SIRUTA polygons, but a republication reports CC BY-SA 4.0; compatibility and original licence require checking.","supporters":34,"evidence":38,"A":27,"B":7,"C":0,"units":3229,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":9,"updated":"2026-10-31","excluded":4,"polls":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""],"chambers":[],"featured":[["A0018","Virgil Natea","journalist","Radio journalist and economic commentator","Un alt pas ar fi reducerea pragului la care s-ar putea aplica impozitul pe avere, să spunem de la 30 de milioane de dolari.","https://www.radiomures.ro/stiri/impozitul-pe-avere.html","Radio România Târgu Mureș","2023-03-19"]],"types":{"politician":19,"union":4,"economist":3,"union_official":3,"party":2,"academic":1,"legal_tax_professional":1,"journalist":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":23,"annual_net_wealth":10,"partial_wealth":2},"numeric":"642"},{"slug":"ru","iso2":"RU","name":"Russia","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed pass covering national legislature (State Duma), parliamentary parties (CPRF, SRZP, Yabloko), academic economists, and public figures. Local tier (2,327 rayons/urban okrugs) and 83 federal subjects loaded from geoBoundaries gbOpen (ODbL 1.0).","supporters":7,"evidence":8,"A":0,"B":4,"C":3,"units":2413,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":32,"polls":[],"map_source":"geoBoundaries gbOpen (wmgeolab/geoBoundaries)","map_licence":["ODbL-1.0","https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"],"chambers":[["State Duma",450,2]],"featured":[],"types":{"economist":3,"politician":2,"party":2},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":6,"annual_net_wealth":2},"numeric":"643"},{"slug":"sa","iso2":"SA","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national (Majlis al-Shura, ministers, financial experts, economists, think tanks, international campaigns) and regional/local structure (13 regions, 147 governorates). Local tier: 147 governorates (muhafazat); regional tier: 13 administrative regions (mintaqah). Boundaries from geoBoundaries gbOpen (ADM1: ODbL-1.0; ADM2: CC BY-SA 2.0). Seed pass R001 completed 2026-10-31.","supporters":2,"evidence":3,"A":2,"B":0,"C":0,"units":161,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":2,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":23,"polls":[{"support":54,"oppose":null,"scope":"Saudi Arabia, adults aged 18-75","question":"A wealth tax on wealthy individuals to fund major changes to our economy and lifestyles (support / strongly support)","question_original":"فرض ضريبة ثروة على الأفراد الأثرياء لتمويل تغييرات رئيسية في اقتصادنا وأنماط حياتنا","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Earth4All and Global Commons Alliance","fieldwork":"2024-03-05 - 2024-04-08","sample":"1,000 adults aged 18-75","published":"2024-06-24","url":"https://earth4all.life/global-survey-2024/"}],"map_source":"geoBoundaries gbOpen / OpenStreetMap contributors","map_licence":["ODbL-1.0","https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/"],"chambers":[],"featured":[["A0001","Khalid Abdulla-Janahi","business_leader","Group Chief Executive of DMI Trust; Columnist at Arab News","We should seriously consider introducing a wealth tax for all eligible individuals, whether citizens or residents. This is entirely different from Zakat; we must never confuse the two.","https://www.arabnews.com/opinion/why-a-wealth-tax-1090241","Arab News","2017-04-25"]],"types":{"business_leader":1,"economist":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":1,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1},"numeric":"682"},{"slug":"se","iso2":"SE","name":"Sweden","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Scope: national (Riksdag, government), European Parliament, regional (21 län) and local (290 kommuner) level. First pass R001 (2026-10-19) covered the Riksdag motion archive only; the regional and local sweep has not started.","supporters":96,"evidence":153,"A":42,"B":50,"C":4,"units":314,"units_done":6,"units_with_supporters":26,"updated":"2026-10-26","excluded":18,"polls":[{"support":53,"oppose":null,"scope":"Sweden, adults aged 18 to 84","question":"Whether a billionaire tax is a good proposal (Oxfam Sverige's release gives no exact wording; Realtid's report describes it as a special tax on people with more than SEK 1 billion in wealth)","pollster":"Verian","commissioned_by":"Oxfam Sverige","fieldwork":"2026-05-26 to 2026-05-28","sample":"1,056 respondents, web interviews in the randomly recruited Sifopanelen, weighted by sex, age, region and party sympathy","published":"2026-06-11","url":"https://oxfam.se/nyheter/ny-undersokning-varannan-svensk-vill-ha-en-miljardarsskatt/"}],"map_source":"Kommuner and län: Statistics Sweden (SCB), digital boundaries for thematic maps, CC0. Källa: SCB. Simplified; SWEREF 99 TM coordinates.","map_licence":["CC0-1.0","https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"],"chambers":[["Sveriges riksdag (Riksdag)",349,21]],"featured":[["A0064","Camille Landais","economist","Professor of economics, London School of Economics","En minimiskatt motsvarande 2 procent av förmögenheten skulle inte ens innebära att miljardärer betalar mer i skatt än resten av befolkningen.","https://efn.se/nationalekonomer-trams-att-miljardarsskatt-orsakar-massflytt","EFN (quoting DN Debatt, 2026-10-01)","2026-10-01"],["A0065","Lisa Pelling","campaigner","Head of Arena Idé; political scientist","Sverige borde återinföra både fastighetsskatten och förmögenhetsskatten.","https://www.dagensarena.se/opinion/aterinfor-formogenhetsskatten/","Dagens Arena","2024-04-04"],["A0030","Carl Schlyter","politician","Former member of the Riksdag (MP)","Pengar från miljöskatter och höjda förmögenhetsskatter ska bland annat gå till stärkt skydd i socialförsäkringar.","http://flamman.se/a/varlden-enligt-vandpunkt","Flamman","2019-03-29"],["A0063","Jonas Kolsrud","economist","Economist; co-author of the AER study on the 2007 abolition of the Swedish wealth tax","En minimiskatt motsvarande 2 procent av förmögenheten skulle inte ens innebära att miljardärer betalar mer i skatt än resten av befolkningen.","https://efn.se/nationalekonomer-trams-att-miljardarsskatt-orsakar-massflytt","EFN (quoting DN Debatt, 2026-10-01)","2026-10-01"],["A0008","Jonas Sjöstedt","politician","Member of the European Parliament (V); former Riksdag member","I kommande budgetförhandlingar med regeringen tänker Vänsterpartiet driva att skatten på förmögenhet och arv återinförs.","https://www.dn.se/nyheter/politik/sjostedt-vill-aterinfora-skatt-pa-formogenhet-och-arv/","Dagens Nyheter","2016-01-13"],["A0028","Annika Lillemets","politician","Former member of the Riksdag (MP)","Valter Mutt och jag föreslår också i samma motion att riksdagen uppmanar regeringen att presentera ett lagförslag om återinförande av förmögenhetsskatt i Sverige.","https://data.riksdagen.se/dokument/H10982.html","Sveriges riksdag (open data)","2014-03-12"],["A0093","Martin Westling","politician","Green Party (MP) candidate for the Riksdag, Östergötland (2026)","Miljöpartiets förslag går ut på att skatta 25–30 procent av värdeökningen på tillgångar över 1 miljard kronor.","https://www.corren.se/debatt/artikel/mp-skatt-efter-formaga-ar-en-moraliskt-forsvarbar-tanke/lw6g608j","Corren (debate)","2026-09-11"],["A0085","Marjan Garmroudi","politician","Left Party candidate, Borås municipal council (2026)","Därför vill vi införa en miljardärsskatt på de största förmögenheterna och använda resurserna till välfärdsinvesteringar.","https://www.bt.se/debatt/vill-ha-en-miljardarskatt-for-valfarden/","Borås Tidning (debate)","2026-07-12"]],"types":{"politician":65,"party":11,"economist":8,"journalist":6,"campaigner":2,"ngo_campaign":1,"think_tank":1,"union":1,"wealthy_individual":1},"designs":{"billionaire_minimum":55,"annual_net_wealth":41,"wealth_tax_unspecified":19,"partial_wealth":2},"numeric":"752"},{"slug":"sg","iso2":"SG","name":"Singapore","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed pass. Scope: National level across Parliament, political parties, think tanks, civil society organisations, academics/economists, and commentators. Geography register covers 5 regions and 55 URA planning areas as the local statistical tier, with map boundaries from URA / geoBoundaries gbOpen under Singapore Open Data Licence Version 1.0. Review 2026-10-24 (R007): 61 members who only carry a party platform removed; 20 supporters remain.","supporters":20,"evidence":20,"A":3,"B":17,"C":0,"units":61,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":8,"updated":"2026-10-24","excluded":20,"polls":[],"map_source":"Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) via geoBoundaries gbOpen (Singapore Open Data Licence Version 1.0)","map_licence":["Singapore Open Data Licence (open government licence)","https://data.gov.sg/open-data-licence"],"chambers":[["Parliament of Singapore",108,3]],"featured":[],"types":{"economist":5,"politician":4,"party":3,"ngo_campaign":3,"academic":2,"campaigner":2,"journalist":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":12,"annual_net_wealth":8},"numeric":"702"},{"slug":"th","iso2":"TH","name":"Thailand","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed pass with sweeps across all layers. Scope: National level (Ratthasapha / Parliament of Thailand, political parties, academic economists, think tanks, trade unions, civil society campaigns), with 77 provinces and 928 administrative districts (amphoe/khet) in the geography register. District boundaries and province outlines from Royal Thai Survey Department / UN OCHA Common Operational Datasets (cod-ab-tha), CC BY-IGO.","supporters":11,"evidence":12,"A":9,"B":2,"C":0,"units":1009,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2026-10-31","excluded":19,"polls":[],"map_source":"Royal Thai Survey Department / UN OCHA (HDX cod-ab-tha), CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-tha"],"chambers":[["Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon",500,1]],"featured":[],"types":{"academic":3,"politician":2,"party":2,"economist":1,"think_tank":1,"ngo_campaign":1,"journalist":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":9,"wealth_tax_unspecified":2},"numeric":"764"},{"slug":"tr","iso2":"TR","name":"Turkey","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national (TBMM, political parties, peak union confederations, academics, wealthy individuals) and regional/local structure (81 provinces, 973 districts). Local tier: 973 districts (ilçeler); regional tier: 81 provinces (iller). Boundaries from UN OCHA COD-AB-TUR via HDX (CC BY-IGO). Seed pass R001 completed 2026-10-29.","supporters":40,"evidence":40,"A":32,"B":8,"C":0,"units":1055,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":14,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":8,"polls":[{"support":78,"oppose":null,"scope":"Turkey, adults aged 18-75","question":"A wealth tax on wealthy individuals to fund major changes to our economy and lifestyles (support / strongly support)","question_original":"Ekonomimiz ve yaşam tarzımızda yapılacak büyük değişiklikleri finanse etmek için varlıklı kişilere yönelik bir servet vergisi","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Earth4All and Global Commons Alliance","fieldwork":"2024-03-05 - 2024-04-08","sample":"1,000 adults aged 18-75","published":"2024-06-24","url":"https://earth4all.life/global-survey-2024/"}],"map_source":"UN OCHA COD-AB-TUR via HDX, CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-tur"],"chambers":[["Grand National Assembly of Turkey",600,9]],"featured":[["A0012","Mustafa Durmuş","economist","Professor of Public Finance; economics columnist","Ayrıca bu verginin tek seferlik değil, her yıl ve matrah arttıkça artan oranda, yani artan oranlı bir tarife ile alınması vergilemede adalet açısından daha uygundur.","https://t24.com.tr/yazarlar/mustafa-durmus/erdemoglu-nun-onerdigi-servet-vergisi-kimleri-hedefliyor,44138","T24","2024-03-27"],["A0033","Nebiye Merttürk","campaigner","General President, Halkevleri","Sadece beşli çetenin değil, tüm sermayenin mallarına el konulmalı ya da bir an önce kademeli servet vergisi uygulamaya sokulmalıdır.","https://halkevleri.org.tr/2022/01/23/tasin-altina-elimizi-koymak-icin-ortak-degerlerimiz-yeterlidir-nebiye-mertturk/","Halkevleri","2022-01-23"],["A0036","Gülcan Kaçmaz Sayyiğit","politician","Member of Parliament for Van","Bunların yerine servet vergisi getirilmeli ve kurumlar vergisi oranı yükseltilmeli.","https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/Tutanaklar/TutanakGoster/4214","Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM)","2025-06-25"],["A0024","Remzi Çalışkan","union_official","General President, Genel-İş; Vice President, DİSK","Büyük servetlerden artan oranlı ve kalıcı bir servet vergisi alınmalı, ücretliler üzerindeki vergi yükü azaltılmalı ve damga vergisi kaldırılmalıdır.","https://genel-is.org.tr/genel-baskanimiz-remzi-caliskan-emek-gazetesinin-192-sayisi-icin-yazdi-emegin-haklari-gelirde-adalet-ve-demokrasi-mucadelesi-17769/","Genel-İş","2026-10-20"],["A0011","Aziz Konukman","economist","Professor of Public Finance and Economics, Gazi University","Bunun için servet vergisi getirilmeli. Belli bir mevduatın üstünde büyüklüğü olanlardan, serveti olanlardan binde bir gibi bir vergi zor mu? Başka mekanizmalar da olabilir.","https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/prof-dr-aziz-konukman-depremin-butceye-yukunun-sermayeden-karsilanmasini-onerdi-2050584","Cumhuriyet","2023-02-12"],["A0038","Ayyüce Türkeş Taş","politician","Member of Parliament for Adana","Dolaylı vergilerin payı kademeli olarak düşürülmeli, gelir ve servet vergilerinin kapsamı da genişletilmelidir. Lüks tüketim kalemlerinde hedefli bir vergilendirme, düşük gelir gruplarında da muafiyet uygulanmalıdır.","https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/Tutanaklar/TutanakGoster/5267","Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi","2025-06-25"],["A0041","Selin Akgöl","union_official","Workplace Representative at Ege University Hospital, SES","Çalışanlardan alınan gelir vergisi oranını en fazla yüzde 15’te sabitleyin, zenginlere servet vergisi getirin.","https://www.evrensel.net/haber/523445/vergide-adalet-eylemi-tasarruf-etmek-istedikleri-cocuklarimiz-emegimiz-haklarimiz","Evrensel","2024-07-17"],["A0023","Kezban Konukçu","politician","Member of Parliament for İstanbul","Servet vergisi konulmadan Türkiye’de kamu maliyesi düzelmez, kamu maliyesinin düzelmesi için servet vergisi konulması lazım.","https://www5.tbmm.gov.tr/tutanaklar/TUTANAK/TBMM/d28/c027/b107/tbmm280271070512.pdf","Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM)","2024-07-24"]],"types":{"politician":11,"economist":9,"union":8,"party":4,"union_official":3,"ngo_campaign":2,"wealthy_individual":1,"campaigner":1,"academic":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":33,"wealth_tax_unspecified":3,"one_off_levy":3,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"792"},{"slug":"tz","iso2":"TZ","name":"Tanzania","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Initial research; seed pass incomplete. Scope includes national, regional and sampled local research. Geography is provisional: the NBS 2022 census ward attributes identify 31 regions and 195 council areas (184 mainland and 11 Zanzibar); a 2023/24 Zanzibar report also lists Zanzibar City Council, which may overlap constituent municipalities. Council code components are recorded in notes but not asserted as unique official full codes. No map: NBS 2022 shapefile does not state an open licence; HDX CC BY-IGO 2018 district boundaries do not match the council tier.","supporters":9,"evidence":12,"A":6,"B":2,"C":1,"units":226,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2026-10-29","excluded":9,"polls":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""],"chambers":[],"featured":[["A0001","Balozi Morwa","economist","Economist and researcher","This means innovating new sources of taxes, such as broad-based wealth and property taxation.","https://quarterlyreview.net/ojs/index.php/aqssr/article/download/28/19/76","African Quarterly Social Science Review","2024"],["A0008","Netho Ndilito","academic","Researcher; Director of Policy and Planning","This means innovating new sources of taxes, such as broad-based wealth and property taxation.","https://quarterlyreview.net/ojs/index.php/aqssr/article/download/28/19/76","African Quarterly Social Science Review","2024"]],"types":{"economist":2,"ngo_campaign":2,"faith":2,"think_tank":1,"academic":1,"union":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":8,"unrealised_gains":1},"numeric":"834"},{"slug":"ua","iso2":"UA","name":"Ukraine","status":"in progress","lead":"","notes":"Seed pass started 2026-10-26 and has seventeen source-checked national records, primarily named academic and policy authors plus one official parliamentary speech. Ukrainian-language searches found many property, luxury-goods, income and anti-oligarch measures, which are not wealth-tax evidence under this project’s definition. Parliamentary, party, union, civil-society, regional and local layers remain to be researched. The geography register contains 27 regions, 139 districts and 1,769 hromadas from the CC BY 4.0 Open Admin Data republication of the State Statistics Service’s KATOTTG codifier; the map is the 1,769 hromadas (with district and oblast outlines) from OCHA COD-AB (CC BY-IGO 3.0), which draws Ukraine as it was before 2014, with Crimea and Sevastopol.","supporters":10,"evidence":10,"A":2,"B":5,"C":3,"units":1935,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":3,"updated":"2026-10-26","excluded":7,"polls":[],"map_source":"State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre, via OCHA Common Operational Datasets (HDX cod-ab-ukr, CC BY-IGO). Hromadas, districts and oblasts as before 2014, including Crimea and Sevastopol.","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO-3.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode"],"chambers":[],"featured":[["A0002","Kostiantyn Shvabii","economist","Professor of tax administration","У разі запровадження податку на багатство в розмірі 1% обсяг потенційних податкових надходжень ... може складати близько 12 мільярдів гривень на рік!","https://www.growford.org.ua/chy-potriben-ukrayini-podatok-na-bagatstvo-blog-shvabiya/","GROWFORD Institute","2021-07-13"]],"types":{"economist":5,"legal_tax_professional":3,"think_tank":1,"politician":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":6,"annual_net_wealth":4},"numeric":"804"},{"slug":"us","iso2":"US","name":"United States","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Scope: federal and state level. Local (city, county) sweep not in scope for now.","supporters":884,"evidence":1339,"A":583,"B":301,"C":0,"units":3195,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":80,"updated":"2026-11-02","excluded":5,"polls":[{"support":80,"support_text":"About 8 in 10","oppose":null,"scope":"United States, adults (national survey)","question":"An annual federal tax of 2% on wealth over $50 million and 3% on wealth over $1 billion, shown with its estimated revenue","pollster":"Program for Public Consultation, University of Maryland","commissioned_by":"","fieldwork":"2026-02-11 to 2026-02-26","sample":"2,509 adults","published":"2026-10-01","url":"https://publicconsultation.org/common-ground/raise-federal-taxes-on-the-super-wealthy-and-high-incomes-say-bipartisan-majorities-in-the-battlegrounds/"},{"support":48,"oppose":41,"scope":"California, likely voters","question":"Proposition 40: a one-time 5% tax on the assets of billionaires living in California","pollster":"Berkeley IGS","commissioned_by":"Los Angeles Times","fieldwork":"2026-08-03 to 2026-08-09","sample":"2,310 likely voters","published":"2026-08-14","url":"https://www.cpapracticeadvisor.com/2026/08/14/californians-split-on-proposed-tax-on-billionaires-poll-shows/188531/"}],"map_source":"US counties: US Census Bureau cartographic boundary files (1:10,000,000, public domain) via the us-atlas package, Albers USA projection; simplified. State outlines from the same source.","map_licence":["Public domain (US Government work)","https://www.usa.gov/government-copyright"],"chambers":[["U.S. Senate",100,25],["U.S. House of Representatives",441,81]],"featured":[["A0546","Scott Ellis","wealthy_individual","Founder and CEO, MasteryTrack","A simple wealth tax of 50% annually on household wealth above $30 million would not dismantle ambition.","https://time.com/7325632/universal-basic-income-millionaire/","TIME","2025-10-17"],["A0871","Kristen Crowell","campaigner","Executive Director, Families Over Billionaires (formerly Fair Share America)","Billionaires shouldn't get out of paying their fair share just because their wealth is tied up in Wall Street assets.","https://americansfortaxfairness.org/groups-back-billionaires-income-tax/","Americans for Tax Fairness","2025-09-17"],["A0873","Hamilton Nolan","journalist","Journalist and author, How Things Work","Do not cast your presidential vote for any Democrat unwilling to support a wealth tax.","https://www.hamiltonnolan.com/p/the-real-litmus-test-for-democratic","How Things Work (Substack)","2026-03-05"],["A0114","Judy Chu","politician","US Representative (D-CA-28)","I’m proud to support Prop 40 to protect healthcare for millions of Californians and invest in the future of our state.","https://yeson40.com/endorsements/","Yes on 40 (campaign)","2026-09-02"],["A0739","Robert Reich","academic","Professor emeritus of public policy, UC Berkeley; former US Secretary of Labor","A time-limited emergency tax on the ultra-wealthy is a practical way to keep the healthcare system functioning.","https://www.commondreams.org/news/california-billionaire-tax-initiative","Common Dreams","2025-10-23"],["A0727","Graham Platner","politician","2026 Democratic nominee for US Senate (Maine)","It is long past time for a reasonable direct tax on extreme wealth. We must pass such a tax in America.","https://www.grahamforsenate.com/platform/taxplan","Graham Platner for Senate (campaign)","2026-04-15"],["A0872","Abdul El-Sayed","politician","Democratic nominee for US Senate (Michigan)","Michiganders can use it to calculate just how much they could fund simply by taxing billionaire wealth.","https://abdulforsenate.com/2026/04/new-abdul-el-sayed-releases-fair-share-tax-agenda-and-billionaire-tax-calculator/","Abdul for Senate (campaign)","2026-04-15"],["A0002","Bernie Sanders","politician","US Senator (I-VT)","I strongly support the grassroots effort in California to impose this reasonable and necessary 5% wealth tax on about 200 California billionaires.","https://yeson40.com/endorsements/","Yes on 40 (campaign)","2026"]],"types":{"politician":477,"ngo_campaign":178,"wealthy_individual":54,"union":46,"party":36,"think_tank":19,"economist":15,"campaigner":14,"union_official":12,"faith":12,"business_leader":5,"academic":5,"media_outlet":4,"journalist":4,"funder":2,"cultural_figure":1},"designs":{"unrealised_gains":357,"one_off_levy":324,"annual_net_wealth":195,"partial_wealth":71,"wealth_tax_unspecified":64,"billionaire_minimum":11},"numeric":"840"},{"slug":"uy","iso2":"UY","name":"Uruguay","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Seed pass (national level, no regional or local sweep). Register: the 19 departamentos, which are governed by intendencias and are the local tier used here; the 125 municipios (a third tier since 2010) are not loaded because no official code list under an open licence was found (OCHA/HDX COD-AB Uruguay 2020 has only departamentos and 204 unnamed second-level areas). Map: OCHA/HDX COD-AB Uruguay 2020 departamentos, CC BY-IGO. No seats adapter: positions are not checked against an official member list.","supporters":25,"evidence":26,"A":20,"B":4,"C":1,"units":19,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":1,"updated":"2026-11-01","excluded":3,"polls":[],"map_source":"OCHA / HDX Uruguay COD-AB 2020; CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/"],"chambers":[],"featured":[],"types":{"politician":11,"economist":9,"union_official":2,"party":2,"union":1},"designs":{"annual_net_wealth":16,"defend_existing":6,"wealth_tax_unspecified":3},"numeric":"858"},{"slug":"za","iso2":"ZA","name":"South Africa","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Depth: seed. Scope: national, regional (9 provinces) and local (sampled). The geography register holds the country root, three national institutions, 9 provinces, 44 district municipalities, 8 metropolitan municipalities and 205 local municipalities (OCHA COD-AB P-codes, from the Municipal Demarcation Board's 2020 boundaries). The map (213 map units: the 205 local municipalities and 8 metros; districts and provinces drawn as outlines) comes from OCHA HDX cod-ab-zaf under CC BY-IGO 3.0. Started as the home of the Pan-African Parliament delegation's candidates (see data/au).","supporters":44,"evidence":58,"A":8,"B":36,"C":0,"units":269,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":3,"updated":"2026-10-26","excluded":5,"polls":[{"support":68,"oppose":12,"scope":"South Africa, adults, online","sample":"1,000 respondents in South Africa (21,000 across 21 countries)","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/dfyeeawiq/images/v1718715240/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-South-Africa-Country-Deck/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-South-Africa-Country-Deck.pdf","question":"Wealthy people paying a higher tax on their wealth, as a means of funding major changes to our economy and lifestyles","question_original":"","pollster":"Ipsos","commissioned_by":"Earth4All and the Global Commons Alliance","fieldwork":"2024-03-05 to 2024-04-08","published":"2024-06"}],"map_source":"Municipal Demarcation Board of South Africa, via OCHA Common Operational Datasets (HDX cod-ab-zaf), CC BY-IGO","map_licence":["CC-BY-IGO-3.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode"],"chambers":[["National Assembly",400,17],["National Council of Provinces",90,2]],"featured":[["A0004","Sinawo Thambo","politician","EFF national spokesperson; Member of the National Assembly","The tax would apply a 2% levy on trust assets between R20 million and R50 million; 4% on trusts up to R100 million and 6% on those above R100 million.","https://mg.co.za/2025-04-17-eff-pushes-its-alternative-budget-demands-reform/","Mail & Guardian","2025-04-17"],["A0032","Jerome Sibongiseni Majola","politician","Member of the National Council of Provinces (MK Party)","We further proposed the introduction of the progressive wealth tax for the individual that have a net asset exceeding R10 million.","https://pmg.org.za/hansard/40525/","Parliamentary Monitoring Group (Parliament of South Africa)","2025-04-02"]],"types":{"politician":24,"party":6,"ngo_campaign":5,"union":2,"union_official":2,"campaigner":2,"government_body":1,"think_tank":1,"economist":1},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":32,"annual_net_wealth":13,"one_off_levy":2,"billionaire_minimum":1},"numeric":"710"}],"bodies":[{"slug":"au","iso2":"AU","name":"African Union","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Seats of the Pan-African Parliament, the African Union's legislative organ (up to 275 seats, five per member state, filled from each state's own parliament). A supporter who sits there is recorded in the register of their own country (data/<iso2>), as for the European Parliament; a state with no register yet cannot light its seats. Run python skill/scripts/seats.py data/au to refresh from the MP lists on pap.au.int.","supporters":0,"evidence":0,"A":0,"B":0,"C":0,"member_label":"","units":0,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"","excluded":0,"polls":[],"supranational":true,"chambers":[["Pan-African Parliament",275,0]],"types":{},"designs":{},"featured":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""]},{"slug":"eu","iso2":"EU","name":"European Union","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"Seats of the European Parliament. A supporter who sits as an MEP is recorded in the register of their own country (data/<iso2>); this folder holds only the chamber, its groups and the positions (actor ids are <country folder>-<id>, e.g. se-A0042). Run python skill/scripts/seats.py data/eu to refresh.","supporters":17,"evidence":25,"A":15,"B":2,"C":0,"member_label":"","units":0,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2025-02-16","excluded":0,"polls":[],"supranational":true,"chambers":[["European Parliament",720,17]],"types":{"politician":17},"designs":{"wealth_tax_unspecified":9,"annual_net_wealth":7,"billionaire_minimum":2,"one_off_levy":1},"featured":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""]},{"slug":"un","iso2":"UN","name":"United Nations","status":"in progress","lead":"Egalitaristen","notes":"The General Assembly: 193 seats, one per member state. A seat is a government, not a person. A government is recorded here (actors.csv, one row per state, named \"Government of <state>\") when it has a sourced public position for an actual wealth tax: a law it enacted or a proposal, joint article or initiative its ministers put their names to. A seat is lit while that government is in office and its latest evidence is support. A change of government ends the position (status former_role) and unlights the seat; evidence stays. Run python skill/scripts/seats.py data/un to refresh the chamber from the UN's own list of member states.","supporters":4,"evidence":6,"A":2,"B":2,"C":0,"member_label":"government","units":0,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":0,"updated":"2025-09-23","excluded":0,"polls":[],"supranational":true,"chambers":[["United Nations General Assembly",193,4]],"types":{"government_body":4},"designs":{"billionaire_minimum":2,"defend_existing":1,"wealth_tax_unspecified":1},"featured":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""]}],"planned":[],"resources":[{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"California Billionaire Tax Act (Proposition 40, November 2026 ballot)","by":"Initiative on the 3 November 2026 California ballot; title and summary by Attorney General Rob Bonta","published":"2026-11","url":"https://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2026/general/pdf/prop40-title-summ-analysis.pdf","summary":"A one-time tax of 5% on the net worth of California residents on 1 January 2026 who hold over $1 billion (real estate and some pensions excluded), payable in 2027 or over five years, with 90% of the revenue for health care.","status":"Initiative constitutional amendment and statute on the 3 November 2026 general election ballot (Propositions 41 and 42 are on the same ballot and could stop it if they win more yes votes, per the Legislative Analyst); the result is not yet known","state":"pending","level":"regional","people":[["us","A0023","SEIU-UHW"],["us","A0885","Suzanne Jimenez"],["us","A0886","Victoria Barron"],["us","A0887","Denise Robb"],["us","A0002","Bernie Sanders"],["us","A0035","United for a Fair Economy"],["us","A0036","Responsible Wealth"],["us","A0045","Working Families Party"],["us","A0064","Patriotic Millionaires"],["us","A0066","RootsAction"],["us","A0090","Color Of Change"],["us","A0101","Oxfam America"],["us","A0113","Chris Murphy"],["us","A0114","Judy Chu"],["us","A0115","Ro Khanna"],["us","A0550","Tim Disney"],["us","A0676","David Gamage"],["us","A0677","Brian Galle"],["us","A0678","Darien Shanske"],["us","A0682","Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP)"],["us","A0684","Harold Meyerson"],["us","A0685","Ben Case"],["us","A0720","Tom Steyer"],["us","A0721","Our Revolution"],["us","A0739","Robert Reich"],["us","A0743","Michael Hiltzik"],["us","A0011","AFSCME California PEOPLE Committee"],["us","A0012","California Federation of Labor Unions, AFL-CIO"],["us","A0013","California Nurses Association"],["us","A0024","Sheet Metal Workers’ (SMART) Local 104"],["us","A0025","Teamsters California"],["us","A0029","ACCE (Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment)"],["us","A0037","California State PTA"],["us","A0042","California Democratic Party"],["us","A0043","Democratic Socialists of America – CA"],["us","A0057","Green Party of California"],["us","A0116","Alex Lee"],["us","A0117","Ash Kalra"],["us","A0123","Lena Gonzalez"],["us","A0683","McClatchy Media California editorial board"],["us","A0703","Lorena Gonzalez"],["us","A0704","Dave Regan"],["us","A0705","Nicholas Cordero"],["us","A0706","Julie Van Winkle"],["us","A0718","Saikat Chakrabarti"],["us","A0719","Ross Boucher"],["us","A0726","Tony Thurmond"],["us","A0729","ACLU of Southern California"],["us","A0730","Asian Pacific Environmental Network (APEN Action)"],["us","A0731","Consumer Watchdog"],["us","A0732","Environmental Health Coalition"],["us","A0733","TransForm"],["us","A0734","California Communist Party USA"],["us","A0737","Monterey County Weekly editorial board"],["us","A0738","Press Democrat editorial board"],["us","A0741","Celeste Rodriguez"],["us","A0742","Chris Ward"],["us","A0744","John O'Farrell"],["us","A0745","Mistah F.A.B."],["us","A0820","DSA San Diego"],["us","A0877","UAW Region 6"],["us","A0878","Sasha Renée Pérez"],["us","A0879","Central Coast Labor Council, AFL-CIO"],["us","A0021","San Diego County Building and Construction Trades Council"],["us","A0022","National Union of Healthcare Workers"],["us","A0026","United Teachers Los Angeles"],["us","A0033","SAJE"],["us","A0034","Middle Class Taxpayers Association"],["us","A0058","Income Movement"],["us","A0068","San Diego County Young Democrats"],["us","A0081","Wellstone Democratic Renewal Club"],["us","A0112","Alice B. Toklas LGBTQ Dems"],["us","A0514","Frank Patitucci"],["us","A0551","Todd Oppenheimer"],["us","A0619","DSA Long Beach"],["us","A0517","George Zimmer"],["us","A0525","Joseph Stiglitz"],["us","A0670","Peter Diamond"],["us","A0671","Daron Acemoglu"],["us","A0672","Abhijit Banerjee"],["us","A0673","Esther Duflo"],["us","A0674","Paul Krugman"],["us","A0675","Emmanuel Saez"],["us","A0679","Gabriel Zucman"],["us","A0014","Committee of Interns and Residents / SEIU"],["us","A0083","Young Democrats of America"],["us","A0740","Aisha Wahab"],["us","A0881","Labor Today International"],["us","A0027","UNITE HERE Local 11"],["us","A0044","California Green New Deal Coalition"],["us","A0063","Our Revolution California"],["us","A0086","California Black Health Network"],["us","A0087","California League of United Latin American Citizens"],["us","A0111","Wilmington CA Indivisible"],["us","A0118","Bob Archuleta"],["us","A0119","Chris Rogers"],["us","A0120","Joaquin Arambula"],["us","A0121","Jose Solache"],["us","A0122","Juan Carrillo"],["us","A0124","Robert Garcia (Assembly)"],["us","A0125","Sally Lieber"],["us","A0268","Ruscal Cayangyang"],["us","A0735","Los Angeles County Democratic Party"],["us","A0736","50501 Los Angeles"],["us","A0880","International Longshore and Warehouse Union Local 10"],["us","A0882","California Immigrant Policy Center"],["us","A0883","Central Coast Alliance United for a Sustainable Economy (CAUSE)"],["us","A0884","Stonewall Young Democrats"],["us","A0015","SF Bay Area Federal Unionists Network Hub"],["us","A0016","Garment Worker Center"],["us","A0017","Inland Empire Black Worker Center"],["us","A0018","Los Angeles Black Worker Center"],["us","A0019","Los Angeles College Faculty Guild, AFT Local 1521"],["us","A0020","Pilipino Workers Center"],["us","A0028","UNITE HERE Local 30"],["us","A0030","Clergy and Laity United for Economic Justice"],["us","A0031","Esperanza Community Housing"],["us","A0032","Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy (LAANE)"],["us","A0038","Voters of Tomorrow"],["us","A0039","350 Bay Area"],["us","A0040","Art of Living Los Angeles"],["us","A0041","Assyrian Democrats of the Bay Area"],["us","A0046","Foothills DSA"],["us","A0047","College Democrats at Sacramento State"],["us","A0048","Contra Costa Defenders Association"],["us","A0049","Davis College Democrats"],["us","A0050","DSA Sebastopol"],["us","A0051","Democratic Women of South Orange County"],["us","A0052","Disability Voices United"],["us","A0053","East County Victory PAC"],["us","A0054","Fallbrook Democratic Club"],["us","A0055","Feminist Democrats of Sacramento County"],["us","A0056","Graduate Social Work Association at San Diego State University"],["us","A0059","LA County Democratic Party"],["us","A0060","Laguna Woods Democratic Club"],["us","A0061","Long Beach Latino Democratic Club"],["us","A0062","DSA – Los Angeles Chapter"],["us","A0065","Riverside County Young Democrats"],["us","A0067","Democratic Socialists of America – Sacramento County"],["us","A0069","San Francisco Women’s Political Committee"],["us","A0070","San Francisco Young Democrats"],["us","A0071","Santa Barbara County Democratic Party"],["us","A0072","Solano County Democratic Central Committee"],["us","A0073","Sunrise Movement Bay Area"],["us","A0074","Sunrise Movement Orange County"],["us","A0075","Tehama County Democratic Central Committee"],["us","A0076","The Villages Democratic Club"],["us","A0077","The Wolves"],["us","A0078","Ventura County Democrats"],["us","A0079","DSA Ventura"],["us","A0080","Ventura County Young Democrats"],["us","A0082","Wellstone Progressive Democrats of Sacramento"],["us","A0084","Black Women Organized for Political Action"],["us","A0085","Black Women Revolt"],["us","A0088","Chinese for Affirmative Action"],["us","A0089","Chispa"],["us","A0091","Eden Area Indivisble"],["us","A0092","Forever Oakland"],["us","A0093","Fridays for Future Palo Alto"],["us","A0094","Inland Coalition for Immigrant Justice"],["us","A0095","Irvine Neighbors"],["us","A0096","Long Beach Indivisible"],["us","A0097","LOS AMIGOS DE LA COMUNIDAD, Inc."],["us","A0098","Mi Familia en Accion"],["us","A0099","Organize Sacramento"],["us","A0100","Organizing Rooted in Abolition, Liberation, and Empowerment (ORALE)"],["us","A0102","Peace & Justice Center of Sonoma County"],["us","A0103","Registered Neighbors Professional Association"],["us","A0104","San Leandro United for Democracy"],["us","A0105","Siren Immigrant Rights"],["us","A0106","Students for Justice in Palestine @ San Diego City College"],["us","A0107","Tesla Takedown Sunnyvale"],["us","A0108","UNIDOS EN LYNWOOD"],["us","A0109","United for Respect"],["us","A0110","United Native Americans"],["us","A0126","Dr. Martita Martinez-Bravo"],["us","A0127","Eduardo Martinez"],["us","A0128","Eric Joyce"],["us","A0129","Freddy Puza"],["us","A0130","Gabe Teran"],["us","A0131","Heber Marquez"],["us","A0132","Jackie Elward"],["us","A0133","Karina Talamantes"],["us","A0134","Lauren Cazares"],["us","A0135","Malia Vella"],["us","A0136","Marisol Rubio"],["us","A0137","Michael Luellen"],["us","A0138","Michele Pryor"],["us","A0139","Rebecca Saltzman"],["us","A0140","Sal Solorio-Ruiz"],["us","A0141","Sbeydeh Viveros-Walton"],["us","A0142","Sukhdeep Kaur"],["us","A0143","Tamala Takahashi"],["us","A0144","Addison Winslow"],["us","A0145","Alan Wong"],["us","A0146","Alex Walker-Griffin"],["us","A0147","Alexander Matias"],["us","A0148","Ari Parker"],["us","A0149","Brandon Vang"],["us","A0150","Bryan “Bubba” Fish"],["us","A0151","C. Tie Gutierrez"],["us","A0152","Caity Maple"],["us","A0153","Cameron Sasai"],["us","A0154","Carolina Chavez"],["us","A0155","Carolyn Wysinger"],["us","A0156","Cecilia Lunaparra"],["us","A0157","Cesar Fernandez"],["us","A0158","Cesar Zepeda"],["us","A0159","Charlene Wang"],["us","A0160","Chelsea Lee Byers"],["us","A0161","Clarissa Cervantes"],["us","A0162","Claudia Jimenez"],["us","A0163","Courtney Welch"],["us","A0164","Devin T. 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Motoyama"],["us","A0196","Mai Vang"],["us","A0197","Marcus Bush"],["us","A0198","Mario Enríquez"],["us","A0199","Matthew Solomon"],["us","A0200","Mayra Aguiluz"],["us","A0201","Michael Inzunza"],["us","A0202","Michael Silva"],["us","A0203","Michaela Perez"],["us","A0204","Nikki Perez"],["us","A0205","Norma Alcala"],["us","A0206","Patricia Dillard"],["us","A0207","Peter Ortiz"],["us","A0208","Porsche Middleton"],["us","A0209","Princess Washington"],["us","A0210","Roberto Uranga"],["us","A0211","Ryyn Schumacher"],["us","A0212","Scott Sakakihara"],["us","A0213","Shoshana O’Keefe"],["us","A0214","Stephen Whitburn"],["us","A0215","Sue Wilson"],["us","A0216","Suely Saro"],["us","A0217","Terry Taplin"],["us","A0218","Xouhoa Bowen"],["us","A0219","Yasmine-Imani McMorrin"],["us","A0220","Ysabel Jurado"],["us","A0221","Zac Unger"],["us","A0222","Adam Spickler"],["us","A0223","Anne Kepner"],["us","A0224","Austin Bruckner Carrillo"],["us","A0225","Cipriano Vargas"],["us","A0226","Cody 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Bas"],["us","A0258","Otto Lee"],["us","A0259","Shanelle Scales-Preston"],["us","A0260","Terra Lawson-Remer"],["us","A0261","Wanda Williams"],["us","A0262","Wendy Root Askew"],["us","A0263","Andy Katz"],["us","A0264","Aziz Akbari"],["us","A0265","Elizabeth Echols"],["us","A0266","Harris Mojadedi"],["us","A0267","Nassim Nouri"],["us","A0269","Sara Lamnin"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"poll","country":"us","title":"An annual federal tax of 2% on wealth over $50 million and 3% on wealth over $1 billion, shown with its estimated revenue","by":"Program for Public Consultation, University of Maryland","published":"2026-10-01","url":"https://publicconsultation.org/common-ground/raise-federal-taxes-on-the-super-wealthy-and-high-incomes-say-bipartisan-majorities-in-the-battlegrounds/","fig":"About 8 in 10","summary":"United States, adults (national survey) · 2,509 adults","cname":"United States"},{"kind":"bill","country":"es","title":"Proposición de Ley 122/000303: creación del Gravamen sobre la Concentración de Riqueza","by":"Grupo Parlamentario Plurinacional SUMAR","published":"2026-09-25","url":"https://www.congreso.es/public_oficiales/L15/CONG/BOCG/B/BOCG-15-B-361-1.PDF","summary":"Would levy a single 3% rate each year on the part of a person's net wealth above EUR 50 million, and cap the marginal rate of the Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio at 3.5% on that part.","status":"Admitida a trámite por la Mesa de la Cámara (22 September 2026)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["es","A0009","Enrique Fernando Santiago Romero"],["es","A0110","Carlos Martín Urriza"],["es","A0138","Alda Recas Martín"],["es","A0044","Aina Vidal Sáez"],["es","A0139","Viviane Ogou i Corbi"],["es","A0140","Candela López Tagliafico"],["es","A0141","Alberto Ibáñez Mezquita"],["es","A0142","Vicenç Vidal Matas"],["es","A0143","Teslem Andala Ubbi"],["es","A0144","Júlia Boada Danés"],["es","A0145","Verónica Martínez Barbero"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"poll","country":"nz","title":"Do you support the introduction of a wealth tax: a 2.5% tax on an individual’s net assets above $10 million with an exemption for family homes?","by":"Ipsos for Ipsos (no external sponsors or partners)","published":"2026-09-24","url":"https://www.ipsos.com/en-nz/34th-ipsos-nz-issues-monitor-sept-2026","fig":"64%","summary":"New Zealand adults aged 18 and over · 1003","cname":"New Zealand"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 21/8267: 500-Millionen-Steuer – Extremvermögen fairer beteiligen","by":"Fraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Karoline Otte, Katharina Beck, Katharina Dröge and others)","published":"2026-09-22","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/21/082/2108267.pdf","summary":"Asks the government to introduce a tax on net wealth above an allowance of 500 million euro, at 2% rising to 3% above 1 billion and 4% above 10 billion euro.","status":"Tabled by the Greens group on 29 September 2026 (Drucksache 21/8267; Bundestag notice hib 758/2026 of 30 September). No referral, debate or vote found as of 1 November 2026.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["de","A0400","Karoline Otte"],["de","A0195","Katharina Beck"],["de","A0323","Katharina Dröge"],["de","A0402","Andreas Audretsch"],["de","A0401","Sebastian Schäfer"],["de","A0403","Moritz Heuberger"],["de","A0404","Max Lucks"],["de","A0405","Sascha Müller"],["de","A0406","Stefan Schmidt"],["de","A0407","Felix Banaszak"],["de","A0408","Franziska Brantner"],["de","A0409","Timon Dzienus"],["de","A0080","Lisa Paus"],["de","A0410","Paula Piechotta"],["de","A0411","Jamila Schäfer"],["de","A0412","Johannes Wagner"],["de","A0083","Britta Haßelmann"],["de","A0002","Bündnis 90/Die Grünen"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"report","country":"es","title":"Un Tope a la Riqueza para España: Evidencia sobre su Potencial Impacto","by":"Marina Alcázar, Olga Cantó and Francisco García-Rodríguez (The Wealth Cap Project)","published":"2026-09-21","url":"https://wealthcapproject.org/es/research/a-wealth-cap-for-spain","summary":"Finds that Spain's billionaires pay an effective rate of about 0.09% of their wealth through the Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio and the solidarity tax, and estimates that a wealth cap could raise about EUR 50.3 billion.","people":[["es","A0117","Marina Alcázar"],["es","A0118","Olga Cantó"],["es","A0119","Francisco García-Rodríguez"],["es","A0116","The Wealth Cap Project"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"poll","country":"us","title":"Proposition 40: a one-time 5% tax on the assets of billionaires living in California","by":"Berkeley IGS for Los Angeles Times","published":"2026-08-14","url":"https://www.cpapracticeadvisor.com/2026/08/14/californians-split-on-proposed-tax-on-billionaires-poll-shows/188531/","fig":"48%","summary":"California, likely voters · 2,310 likely voters","cname":"United States"},{"kind":"report","country":"gb","title":"Taxing Extreme Wealth in the United Kingdom: Revenue Estimates for a 2% Minimum Tax on Ultra-High-Net-Worth Households","by":"Ben Tippet and Gabriel Zucman, International Tax Observatory","published":"2026-07","url":"https://taxobservatory.world/publication/taxing-extreme-wealth-in-the-united-kingdom-revenue-estimates-for-a-2-minimum-tax-on-ultra-high-net-worth-households/","summary":"Estimates that a minimum 2% average annual tax on the wealth of the richest 1,000 households (above £100 million) would raise about £10 billion in 2026, with a ten-year post-emigration liability.","people":[["gb","A0502","Gabriel Zucman"]],"cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"poll","country":"se","title":"Whether a billionaire tax is a good proposal (Oxfam Sverige's release gives no exact wording; Realtid's report describes it as a special tax on people with more than SEK 1 billion in wealth)","by":"Verian for Oxfam Sverige","published":"2026-06-11","url":"https://oxfam.se/nyheter/ny-undersokning-varannan-svensk-vill-ha-en-miljardarsskatt/","fig":"53%","summary":"Sweden, adults aged 18 to 84 · 1,056 respondents, web interviews in the randomly recruited Sifopanelen, weighted by sex, age, region and party sympathy","cname":"Sweden"},{"kind":"poll","country":"it","title":"Progressive wealth tax on net wealth above EUR 5m (57.1% for a generic wealth tax without threshold)","by":"Eumetra for Piazzapulita (La7)","published":"2026-06-10","url":"https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2026/06/10/patrimoniale-economisti-riforma-fiscale-notizie/8415001/","fig":"69%","summary":"Italy, adults","cname":"Italy"},{"kind":"bill","country":"gb","title":"EDM 276: Wealth taxation","by":"Dr Ellie Chowns MP (Green Party)","published":"2026-06-03","url":"https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/66000","summary":"Calls on the Government to tax wealth fairly at the next Budget, including by introducing a wealth tax on billionaires and multimillionaires alongside aligning capital gains tax with income tax.","status":"Early Day Motion tabled 3 June 2026 in the 2026-27 session; signed by 10 Members, no amendments (EDM page read 1 November 2026). EDMs are not voted on; it stays open for signatures while the session lasts.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["gb","A0032","Ellie Chowns"],["gb","A0028","Siân Berry"],["gb","A0055","Hannah Spencer"],["gb","A0034","Adrian Ramsay"],["gb","A0056","Andrew George"],["gb","A0021","Ayoub Khan"],["gb","A0007","Jon Trickett"],["gb","A0016","Rachael Maskell"],["gb","A0041","Carla Denyer"],["gb","A0013","Apsana Begum"]],"cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ph","title":"House Bill No. 9274: An Act imposing an 'Ultra-Wealth Tax' on individuals with net assets exceeding one billion pesos","by":"Rep. Leila M. de Lima","published":"2026-05-18","url":"https://docs.congress.hrep.online/legisdocs/basic_20/HB09274.pdf","summary":"Imposes an annual Ultra-Wealth Tax of 1% on wealth above 1 billion pesos, 2% above 2 billion and 3% above 3 billion, with revenue for health, education, social protection and housing.","status":"Filed 18 May 2026, Twentieth Congress, First Regular Session (date stamp on the House text). No later action was found; the House bill-tracking page was not opened.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["ph","A0004","Leila de Lima"]],"cname":"Philippines"},{"kind":"bill","country":"it","title":"Proposta di legge di iniziativa popolare \"Imposta grandi patrimoni\" (campagna 1%Equo)","by":"Comitato 1%Equo, promoted by Rifondazione Comunista with economists and researchers (first signatory Maurizio Acerbo)","published":"2026-05-07","url":"https://unpercentoequo.it/proposta-di-legge-imposta-grandi-patrimoni.pdf","summary":"An annual personal tax on net wealth above €2 million, excluding the main home, at 1% to €5 million, 1.7% to €8 million, 2.1% to €20 million and 3.5% above, with IMU, IVIE and IVAFE deducted.","status":"Presented to the Corte di Cassazione on 7 May 2026 under art. 71 of the Constitution; signature collection runs 15 May to 15 November 2026 and the bill has no number in Parliament (promoters' text and Pagella Politica)","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["it","A0160","Maurizio Acerbo"]],"cname":"Italy"},{"kind":"report","country":"es","title":"Un impuesto al patrimonio para el siglo XXI: opciones para rediseñar el IP y recaudar más de los que más tienen","by":"Íñigo Macías Aymar (Oxfam Intermón)","published":"2026-05","url":"https://www.oxfamintermon.org/hubfs/Oxfam-Website/oi-informes/impuesto-patrimonio-siglo-XXI.pdf","summary":"Argues for redesigning the Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio to raise substantially more revenue and restore progressivity among the super-rich, with estimates by Julio López Laborda and Anabel Zárate Marco and by Carmen Durrer.","people":[["es","A0095","Iñigo Macías"],["es","A0067","Oxfam Intermón"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"poll","country":"id","title":"Persetujuan terhadap penerapan pajak kekayaan (wealth tax) sebesar 2 persen pada 50 orang terkaya di Indonesia untuk mendanai perlindungan sosial dan menekan ketimpangan","by":"CELIOS for Center of Economic and Law Studies (CELIOS)","published":"2026-04-26","url":"https://nasional.kontan.co.id/news/survei-celios-mayoritas-masyarakat-setuju-penerapan-pajak-kekayaan","fig":"90%","summary":"Indonesia, national representative public sample · National representative survey","cname":"Indonesia"},{"kind":"report","country":"uy","title":"Uruguay: Impuesto Mínimo Efectivo sobre la Riqueza","by":"Vicente Silva (International Tax Observatory), with Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Uruguay","published":"2026-04","url":"https://uruguay.fes.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Minuta_Uruguay.pdf","summary":"Brief that simulates a minimum tax on the wealth of individuals with fortunes above USD 100 million (2% would raise about USD 260 million, 0.4% of GDP; 3% about USD 409 million) and notes the PIT-CNT's proposed surcharge on the Impuesto al Patrimonio.","cname":"Uruguay"},{"kind":"paper","country":"ie","title":"Net Wealth Tax for Ireland - Possibilities and Pitfalls (NERI Working Paper 78)","by":"Tom McDonnell and Ciarán Nugent (NERI) with Sorley McCaughey","published":"2026-03-27","url":"https://www.nerinstitute.net/research/net-wealth-tax-ireland-possibilities-and-pitfalls","summary":"Concludes that a recurrent tax on net household wealth is viable in Ireland if it is simple, has few reliefs and a high threshold reaching about the wealthiest 1%, raising roughly 800 million euro a year.","people":[["ie","A0009","Tom McDonnell"],["ie","A0016","Ciarán Nugent"],["ie","A0017","Sorley McCaughey"],["ie","A0012","Nevin Economic Research Institute"]],"cname":"Ireland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"Ultra-Millionaire Tax Act of 2026 (S. 4246 and H.R. 8085, 119th Congress)","by":"Sen. Elizabeth Warren, Rep. Pramila Jayapal and House co-sponsors","published":"2026-03-25","url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-119hr8085ih/html/BILLS-119hr8085ih.htm","summary":"The 119th Congress version: 2% on net worth between $50 million and $1 billion and 3% above (6% with Medicare for All); the text matches the 2024 bill apart from dates and the enforcement funding years.","status":"Introduced 25 March 2026 in the House (H.R. 8085, Jayapal) and 26 March 2026 in the Senate (S. 4246, Warren). The latest action in the bill status data (govinfo, 1 November 2026) is the referral to committee (Ways and Means; Finance); the 119th Congress ends on 3 January 2027.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["us","A0001","Elizabeth Warren"],["us","A0009","Pramila Jayapal"],["us","A0010","Brendan Boyle"],["us","A0003","Sheldon Whitehouse"],["us","A0004","Jeff Merkley"],["us","A0006","Brian Schatz"],["us","A0007","Ed Markey"],["us","A0008","Mazie Hirono"],["us","A0114","Judy Chu"],["us","A0115","Ro Khanna"],["us","A0270","Eleanor Holmes Norton"],["us","A0272","Ilhan Omar"],["us","A0273","Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez"],["us","A0275","Mark Takano"],["us","A0277","Jan Schakowsky"],["us","A0278","Bonnie Watson Coleman"],["us","A0280","Ayanna Pressley"],["us","A0281","Jim McGovern"],["us","A0282","Dwight E. Evans"],["us","A0283","Chuy García"],["us","A0284","Adam Smith"],["us","A0285","Rashida Tlaib"],["us","A0288","Peter Welch"],["us","A0291","Grace Meng"],["us","A0292","Mark DeSaulnier"],["us","A0295","Don Beyer"],["us","A0297","Frank Pallone"],["us","A0299","Danny K. Davis"],["us","A0300","Dan Goldman"],["us","A0301","Glenn Ivey"],["us","A0302","Jonathan Jackson"],["us","A0303","Hank Johnson"],["us","A0304","Summer Lee"],["us","A0305","Jerrold Nadler"],["us","A0307","Delia C. Ramirez"],["us","A0308","Adam Schiff"],["us","A0309","Jill N. Tokuda"],["us","A0311","Maxine Waters"],["us","A0312","Chris Deluzio"],["us","A0313","Yassamin Ansari"],["us","A0314","Madeleine Dean"],["us","A0315","Valerie Foushee"],["us","A0316","Laura Friedman"],["us","A0317","Maxwell Frost"],["us","A0318","Adelita Grijalva"],["us","A0319","Robin Kelly"],["us","A0320","Linda Sánchez"],["us","A0321","Lateefah Simon"],["us","A0322","Melanie Stansbury"],["us","A0323","Shri Thanedar"],["us","A0324","Nydia M. Velázquez"],["us","A0325","Greg Casar"],["us","A0326","Chellie Pingree"],["us","A0327","Analilia Mejia"],["us","A0328","Teresa Leger Fernandez"],["us","A0329","Adriano Espaillat"],["us","A0330","Maxine Dexter"],["us","A0331","Tammy Duckworth"],["us","A0332","Tina Smith"],["us","A0333","Chris Van Hollen"],["us","A0353","Zoe Lofgren"],["us","A0876","Robert Garcia (Congress)"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"bill","country":"bo","title":"RND 102600000009: prórroga para el cumplimiento de obligaciones tributarias del Impuesto a las Grandes Fortunas (IGF), gestión 2025","by":"Servicio de Impuestos Nacionales","published":"2026-03-24","url":"https://www.impuestos.gob.bo/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/RND-No-102600000009.pdf","summary":"The tax authority extends the deadline to file and pay the IGF for 2025. It recalls that Ley 1357 creates the tax on the fortune of individuals and that the taxable event arises on 31 December each year.","status":"Resolution of 24 March 2026, which shows the tax still being administered for the 2025 year","state":"in_force","level":"national","cname":"Bolivia"},{"kind":"poll","country":"ch","title":"Federal tax on large fortunes to finance the 13th AHV pension and the army, as an alternative to a VAT rise (the Green Liberal proposal is 0.33% above CHF 5 million)","by":"Leewas for Tamedia and 20 Minuten","published":"2026-03-15","url":"https://www.srf.ch/news/wirtschaft/vermoegenskonzentration-linker-staroekonom-fordert-mindeststeuer-fuer-superreiche","fig":"About two in three","summary":"Swiss voters, Tamedia/20 Minuten post-vote survey (Nachabstimmungsbefragung), spring 2026","cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"report","country":"dk","title":"Konsekvenser af en formueskat i Danmark (Consequences of a wealth tax in Denmark)","by":"Otto Brøns-Petersen, CEPOS","published":"2026-03-09","url":"https://cepos.dk/artikler/konsekvenser-af-en-formueskat-i-danmark/","summary":"Think-tank analysis of the Social Democrats' proposed 0.5% wealth tax above DKK 25 million, arguing that on top of existing capital taxes it could push the effective rate on capital income above 100% and sharply cut its revenue.","cname":"Denmark"},{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"Make Billionaires Pay Their Fair Share Act (S. 3956 and H.R. 7767)","by":"Sen. Bernie Sanders and Rep. Ro Khanna","published":"2026-03-02","url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-119s3956is/html/BILLS-119s3956is.htm","summary":"Title I imposes a yearly 5% tax on the net value of assets of individuals and trusts above $1 billion, with the revenue paying for affordability rebates, health, education and other programmes in the later titles.","status":"Introduced 2 March 2026 in the Senate (S. 3956, Sanders) and 3 March 2026 in the House (H.R. 7767, Khanna). The latest action in the bill status data (govinfo, 1 November 2026) is the referral to committee (Finance; Ways and Means); the 119th Congress ends on 3 January 2027.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["us","A0002","Bernie Sanders"],["us","A0115","Ro Khanna"],["us","A0270","Eleanor Holmes Norton"],["us","A0313","Yassamin Ansari"],["us","A0318","Adelita Grijalva"],["us","A0319","Robin Kelly"],["us","A0322","Melanie Stansbury"],["us","A0333","Chris Van Hollen"],["us","A0366","André Carson"],["us","A0616","Al Green"],["us","A0617","IAM Union (International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers)"],["us","A0618","Brian Bryant"],["us","A0663","National Nurses United"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"report","country":"in","title":"Wealth Tracker India 2026: Tax the Top, Close the Gap","by":"Centre for Financial Accountability and the Tax the Top campaign","published":"2026-03","url":"https://www.cenfa.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Wealth-Tracker-India_compressed.pdf","summary":"Campaign report on the wealth of 1,688 Indians above 1,000 crore rupees that calls for a progressive 2% to 6% wealth tax plus a one-third inheritance tax, which it puts at 10.63 lakh crore rupees a year.","people":[["in","A0011","Centre for Financial Accountability"],["in","A0012","Tax the Top campaign"],["in","A0055","Anirban Bhattacharya"],["in","A0068","Jacob Joshy"]],"cname":"India"},{"kind":"report","country":"nz","title":"Wealth Tax Policy Note","by":"Tayla Forward for Tax Justice Aotearoa","published":"2026-03","url":"https://assets.nationbuilder.com/tja/pages/3153/attachments/original/1775718031/TJA_Wealth_Tax_Policy_Note_-_Forward_-_March_2026.pdf","summary":"A 32-page policy note for Tax Justice Aotearoa on the case for and design of a wealth tax in New Zealand, set against the Labour government's 2023 work on one.","people":[["nz","A0012","Tayla Forward"],["nz","A0011","Tax Justice Aotearoa"]],"cname":"New Zealand"},{"kind":"bill","country":"mx","title":"Que reforma y adiciona diversas disposiciones de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta, en materia de impuesto a las grandes fortunas","by":"Dip. José Luis Sánchez González (Partido del Trabajo)","published":"2026-03","url":"https://www.ptdiputados.org.mx/iniciativa.php?id=406","summary":"Initiative in the Chamber of Deputies to add to the income tax law a progressive annual tax on the net wealth of individuals above 100 million pesos, with rates of 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5%.","status":"Initiative presented to the Chamber of Deputies and published in the Gaceta Parlamentaria of 3 March 2026 (as listed on the sponsor's page); no committee report or vote seen","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["mx","A0008","José Luis Sánchez González"]],"cname":"Mexico"},{"kind":"report","country":"dk","title":"Formueskatten vil gøre Danmark fattigere (The wealth tax will make Denmark poorer)","by":"Troels Chr. Nielsen Boesen and Christian Bartels Kastrup, Dansk Industri","published":"2026-03","url":"https://www.danskindustri.dk/arkiv/analyser/2026/3/formueskatten-vil-gore-danmark-fattigere/","summary":"Employers' organisation analysis of the Social Democrats' proposal (0.5% above DKK 25 million with a home-equity deduction), estimating a DKK 16 billion a year fall in GDP from Norwegian and Danish elasticity estimates.","cname":"Denmark"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ph","title":"House Bill No. 8123: An Act imposing a 'Billionaire Wealth Tax' on individuals","by":"Reps. Antonio Tinio, Sarah Jane Elago and Renee Louise Co (Makabayan bloc)","published":"2026-02-26","url":"https://docs.congress.hrep.online/legisdocs/basic_20/HB08123.pdf","summary":"Proposes an annual tax of 1% on wealth above 1 billion pesos, 2% above 2 billion and 3% above 3 billion on individual billionaires.","status":"Filed 26 February 2026, Twentieth Congress, First Regular Session (date stamp on the House text). No later action was found; the House bill-tracking page was not opened.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["ph","A0001","Antonio Tinio"],["ph","A0002","Sarah Jane Elago"],["ph","A0003","Renee Louise Co"]],"cname":"Philippines"},{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"House Bill 1238: Taxation - Ultra-High-Net-Worth Individual Surtax and Wealth Tax (Maryland)","by":"Delegates Gabriel Acevero, Amprey, Martinez, Roberson, Woods and Young","published":"2026-02-11","url":"https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/2026RS/bills/hb/hb1238f.pdf","summary":"Besides an income surtax, imposes a one-time wealth tax on Maryland residents with net worth over $1 billion: 3% to $2.5 billion, 5% to $5 billion and 6% above, payable over up to five years.","status":"Introduced 11 February 2026 and assigned to Ways and Means; hearing held 5 March 2026; the bill page shows no committee vote or other action afterwards. The 2026 regular session ended on 13 April 2026 (NCSL calendar), so the bill did not pass.","state":"lapsed","level":"regional","people":[["us","A0396","Gabriel Acevero"],["us","A0397","Marlon Amprey"],["us","A0398","Ashanti Martinez"],["us","A0399","Kent Roberson"],["us","A0400","Jamila J. Woods"],["us","A0401","Caylin Young"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 5/2026: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Pedro Uczai","published":"2026-02-02","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2600263","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Aguardando Despacho do Presidente da Câmara dos Deputados (Chancela)\": the history shows only the filing on 2 Feb 2026, with no referral to a committee and no other action since.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0081","Pedro Uczai"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 21/4029: Vermögensteuer wieder erheben – Länderfinanzen nachhaltig sichern","by":"Fraktion Die Linke","published":"2026-02","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/21/040/2104029.pdf","summary":"Asks the government to bring in a bill that levies the wealth tax again: a net wealth tax from 1% above 1 million euro, rising to 5% at 50 million and 12% above 1 billion.","status":"First reading on 6 March 2026, referred to the Finance Committee. Its report (Drucksache 21/8481, dated 9 October 2026) recommends rejecting the motion, with CDU/CSU, AfD, SPD and Greens against Die Linke. No plenary vote on it was found as of 1 November 2026 (the 8 October 2026 votes on tax motions on bundestag.de do not include it).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["de","A0001","Die Linke"],["de","A0003","Christian Görke"],["de","A0004","Janine Wissler"],["de","A0005","Doris Achelwilm"],["de","A0006","Dietmar Bartsch"],["de","A0007","Desiree Becker"],["de","A0008","Janina Böttger"],["de","A0009","Jörg Cezanne"],["de","A0010","Agnes Conrad"],["de","A0011","Mirze Edis"],["de","A0012","Cem Ince"],["de","A0013","Tamara Mazzi"],["de","A0014","Pascal Meiser"],["de","A0015","Zada Salihović"],["de","A0016","Lisa Schubert"],["de","A0017","Ines Schwerdtner"],["de","A0018","Isabelle Vandre"],["de","A0019","Sarah Vollath"],["de","A0020","Sascha Wagner"],["de","A0021","Anne Zerr"],["de","A0022","Heidi Reichinnek"],["de","A0023","Sören Pellmann"],["de","A0078","Cansın Köktürk"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"be","title":"Wetsvoorstel met het oog op het invoeren van een vermogensbelasting / Proposition de loi visant à instaurer une taxe sur le patrimoine (DOC 56 1298/001)","by":"Dieter Vanbesien, Sarah Schlitz and seven other Ecolo-Groen members","published":"2026-01-15","url":"https://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/56/1298/56K1298001.pdf","summary":"Introduces an annual tax on net wealth above EUR 2.5 million so that the financial burden of current social challenges is carried by the richest.","status":"Pending in the Chamber's Finance and Budget committee (page header 'hangend'): taken into consideration on 22 January 2026, committee start 24 March 2026, 'in bespreking' on 22 September and 6 October 2026. No vote is recorded (Chamber page read 1 November 2026).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["be","A0038","Dieter Vanbesien"],["be","A0039","Sarah Schlitz"],["be","A0040","Staf Aerts"],["be","A0041","Meyrem Almaci"],["be","A0042","Rajae Maouane"],["be","A0043","Matti Vandemaele"],["be","A0044","Stefaan Van Hecke"],["be","A0045","Jeroen Van Lysebettens"],["be","A0046","Claire Hugon"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"report","country":"ie","title":"Confronting Wealth Inequality in Ireland","by":"Tom McDonnell and Ciarán Nugent (NERI) and Sorley McCaughey, for Oxfam Ireland","published":"2026-01","url":"https://www.oxfamireland.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/wealth-inequality-report-final-version.pdf","summary":"Models an annual net wealth tax on the top 1% of the population, with a high threshold of about 3 million euro, and puts the yield of a 1% rate at around 1 billion euro a year (2% about 1.7 billion, 3% about 2.5 billion), as Oxfam Ireland's release states it.","people":[["ie","A0009","Tom McDonnell"],["ie","A0016","Ciarán Nugent"],["ie","A0017","Sorley McCaughey"]],"cname":"Ireland"},{"kind":"paper","country":"tr","title":"Eşitsizlik Çağında Servet Vergisi: Etkinlik-Adalet Dengesi ve Ülke Karşılaştırmaları","by":"Gamze Çimen (Sivas Cumhuriyet University), Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi","published":"2025-12-30","url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5436203","summary":"Examines the equity-efficiency trade-off of a wealth tax and compares countries, with a section on Türkiye (no net wealth tax today, only property, vehicle and inheritance taxes and the valuable-housing tax), concluding that design, administrative capacity and legitimacy decide the outcome.","people":[["tr","A0031","Gamze Çimen"]],"cname":"Turkey"},{"kind":"bill","country":"no","title":"Vedtak om skatt av inntekt og formue mv. for inntektsåret 2026 (Stortingets skattevedtak, Vedtak 212)","by":"Stortinget (Prop. 1 LS and Innst. 3 S, 2025–2026)","published":"2025-12","url":"https://stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Vedtak/Vedtak/Sak/?p=104915","summary":"The annual decision that sets Norway's net wealth tax for income year 2026: a state rate of 0.65% above NOK 1.9 million (0.75% above NOK 21.5 million), a municipal rate of at most 0.35%, and 1.0% and 1.1% for taxpayers under skatteloven § 2-3 first paragraph letters k to n.","status":"Vedtak 212 in the Storting's decisions on Skatter og avgifter 2026 (Prop. 1 LS, Innst. 3 S, 2025–2026); the page shows no decision date","state":"in_force","level":"national","people":[["no","A0025","Tuva Moflag"],["no","A0201","Jens Stoltenberg"]],"cname":"Norway"},{"kind":"report","country":"tz","title":"A Progressive Tax System to Fund a Fair Future: The Case for a Wealth Tax in Tanzania","by":"Balozi Morwa Mollel, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Tanzania","published":"2025-12","url":"https://collections.fes.de/publikationen/download/pdf/1971253","summary":"FES analysis of inequality and the taxation of the rich in Tanzania, concluding that the tax system is regressive and recommending wealth taxation as part of a more progressive system.","people":[["tz","A0001","Balozi Morwa"]],"cname":"Tanzania"},{"kind":"report","country":"bo","title":"Una señal regresiva y equivocada: eliminar el impuesto a las grandes fortunas profundiza la desigualdad en Bolivia","by":"Oxfam en Bolivia","published":"2025-11-26","url":"https://www.bolivia.oxfam.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/COMUNICADO_IMPUESTO_GRANDES_FORTUNAS_261125.pdf","summary":"Press release against the government's announced repeal of the Impuesto a las Grandes Fortunas, which it says reaches about 200 people and raises 240 million bolivianos a year.","people":[["bo","A0001","Oxfam en Bolivia"]],"cname":"Bolivia"},{"kind":"report","country":"uy","title":"Propuesta de creación de una sobretasa del Impuesto al Patrimonio de las Personas Físicas (IPPF) para financiar políticas para la reducción de la pobreza infantil y adolescente","by":"Consultative commission of the PIT-CNT (Andrés Blanco, Juan Geymonat, Mauricio De Rosa, Gabriel Oyhantçabal, Andrea Vigorito, Joan Vilá, Alejandra Picco, Carlos Grau Pérez, Gustavo Viñales Guillama)","published":"2025-11-24","url":"https://www.pitcnt.uy/sites/default/files/2025-11/IPPF.pdf","summary":"Proposes an annual surcharge on the Impuesto al Patrimonio de las Personas Físicas for wealth above USD 1 million (about the richest 1%, some 25,000 people), with progressive rates and the proceeds going to a state fund against child poverty.","people":[["uy","A0001","PIT-CNT"],["uy","A0017","Andrés Blanco"],["uy","A0018","Juan Geymonat"],["uy","A0019","Mauricio De Rosa"],["uy","A0020","Gabriel Oyhantçabal"],["uy","A0021","Andrea Vigorito"],["uy","A0022","Joan Vilá"],["uy","A0023","Alejandra Picco"],["uy","A0024","Carlos Grau Pérez"],["uy","A0025","Gustavo Viñales Guillama"]],"cname":"Uruguay"},{"kind":"poll","country":"fr","title":"Whether the deputies were wrong to reject the 'taxe Zucman' (2% of wealth for households above EUR 100m, about 1,800 households, professional assets included); 59% said wrong to reject, 40% right to reject","by":"Elabe for BFMTV","published":"2025-11-05","url":"https://elabe.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/05112025_elabe-bfmtv_les-francais-le-budget-et-la-fiscalite.pdf","fig":"59%","summary":"France mainland, adults · 1,000 adults","cname":"France"},{"kind":"poll","country":"gb","title":"A wealth tax of 1% on assets above £10m and 2% on assets above £1bn (the Green Party policy)","by":"YouGov","published":"2025-10-23","url":"https://yougov.com/en-gb/articles/53245-what-tax-reforms-would-britons-support","fig":"75%","summary":"Britain, adults","cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"paper","country":"cz","title":"Wealth Tax as a Tool to Increase Tax Revenues in Polycrisis Times","by":"Michal Radvan and Taisiia Chepys (Masaryk University), Studia Iuridica Lublinensia","published":"2025-09-25","url":"https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2025.34.2.295-308","summary":"Tests whether a wealth tax could help Czech public finances in a polycrisis by comparing the wealth taxes of European countries and the Czech property taxes, and discusses how one would have to be designed (national, natural persons only, administrative costs).","cname":"Czechia"},{"kind":"poll","country":"fr","title":"2% tax on wealth above EUR 100m (taxe Zucman)","by":"Elabe for BFMTV","published":"2025-09-25","url":"https://elabe.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/25092025_elabe_bfmtv_les-francais-et-les-impots.pdf","fig":"74%","summary":"France, adults","cname":"France"},{"kind":"bill","country":"gb","title":"EDM 1909: Wealth taxes","by":"Carla Denyer MP (Green Party)","published":"2025-09-15","url":"https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/64316","summary":"Welcomes support for an annual wealth tax on people with assets above £10 million and calls for a review of the steps needed to implement a range of wealth taxes.","status":"Early Day Motion tabled 15 September 2025 in the 2024-26 session; signed by 7 Members, no amendments","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["gb","A0041","Carla Denyer"],["gb","A0034","Adrian Ramsay"],["gb","A0028","Siân Berry"],["gb","A0032","Ellie Chowns"],["gb","A0021","Ayoub Khan"],["gb","A0016","Rachael Maskell"],["gb","A0001","Richard Burgon"]],"cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ph","title":"House Bill No. 4304: An Act imposing Solidarity Contribution on the most affluent Filipinos for the benefit of public health and climate change resiliency","by":"Reps. Percival Cendaña, Jose Manuel Diokno, Dadah Kiram Ismula (Akbayan) and Kaka Bag-ao","published":"2025-09-03","url":"https://docs.congress.hrep.online/legisdocs/basic_20/HB04304.pdf","summary":"Imposes a solidarity contribution on the net worth (assets less liabilities) of the most affluent individuals, with revenue earmarked for universal health care and climate resilience.","status":"Filed 3 September 2025, Twentieth Congress, First Regular Session (date stamp on the House text). No later action was found; the House bill-tracking page was not opened.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["ph","A0008","Percival Cendaña"],["ph","A0010","Chel Diokno"],["ph","A0011","Dadah Kiram Ismula"],["ph","A0009","Kaka Bag-ao"],["ph","A0031","Akbayan Partylist"],["ph","A0032","Third World Network"]],"cname":"Philippines"},{"kind":"poll","country":"fr","title":"2% tax on wealth above EUR 100m (taxe Zucman)","by":"Ifop for Parti socialiste","published":"2025-09","url":"https://www.ifopgroup.com/?p=83476","fig":"86%","summary":"France, adults · 1,000 adults","cname":"France"},{"kind":"report","country":"australia","title":"Three ways Australia can tax wealth better","by":"David Richardson and Matt Grudnoff (The Australia Institute)","published":"2025-08","url":"https://australiainstitute.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/P1851-Taxing-wealth-web.pdf","summary":"Recommends an annual 2% wealth tax on net assets above $5 million (family home and superannuation exempt), which it estimates would raise $41 billion a year, alongside an inheritance tax and scrapping the CGT discount.","people":[["australia","A0005","David Richardson"],["australia","A0006","Matt Grudnoff"],["australia","A0003","The Australia Institute"]],"cname":"Australia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"gb","title":"EDM 1725: Proposal for a wealth tax","by":"Richard Burgon MP (Labour)","published":"2025-07-21","url":"https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/64124","summary":"Welcomes the expert proposal for an annual 2% wealth tax on individual assets over £10 million, estimated at £24 billion a year, and asks for proposals before the next Budget.","status":"Early Day Motion tabled 21 July 2025 in the 2024-26 session; signed by 53 Members, no amendments","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["gb","A0001","Richard Burgon"],["gb","A0002","Imran Hussain"],["gb","A0003","Bell Ribeiro-Addy"],["gb","A0004","Kate Osborne"],["gb","A0005","Kim Johnson"],["gb","A0006","Ian Byrne"],["gb","A0007","Jon Trickett"],["gb","A0008","Steve Witherden"],["gb","A0009","Diane Abbott"],["gb","A0010","Ian Lavery"],["gb","A0011","John McDonnell"],["gb","A0012","Cat Eccles"],["gb","A0013","Apsana Begum"],["gb","A0014","Grahame Morris"],["gb","A0015","Clive Lewis"],["gb","A0016","Rachael Maskell"],["gb","A0017","Dawn Butler"],["gb","A0018","Brian Leishman"],["gb","A0019","Neil Duncan-Jordan"],["gb","A0020","Rebecca Long Bailey"],["gb","A0021","Ayoub Khan"],["gb","A0022","Ben Lake"],["gb","A0023","Llinos Medi"],["gb","A0024","Liz Saville Roberts"],["gb","A0025","Ann Davies"],["gb","A0026","Sorcha Eastwood"],["gb","A0027","Olivia Blake"],["gb","A0028","Siân Berry"],["gb","A0029","Iqbal Mohamed"],["gb","A0030","Shockat Adam"],["gb","A0031","Claire Hanna"],["gb","A0032","Ellie Chowns"],["gb","A0033","Andy McDonald"],["gb","A0034","Adrian Ramsay"],["gb","A0035","Nadia Whittome"],["gb","A0036","Simon Opher"],["gb","A0037","Dave Doogan"],["gb","A0038","Seamus Logan"],["gb","A0039","Graham Leadbitter"],["gb","A0040","Colum Eastwood"],["gb","A0041","Carla Denyer"],["gb","A0240","John Mason"],["gb","A0043","Jeremy Corbyn"],["gb","A0044","Emma Lewell"],["gb","A0045","Lorraine Beavers"],["gb","A0046","Mary Kelly Foy"],["gb","A0047","Adnan Hussain"],["gb","A0048","Rosie Duffield"],["gb","A0076","Andrew Gwynne"],["gb","A0050","Lee Barron"],["gb","A0051","Barry Gardiner"],["gb","A0052","Yasmin Qureshi"],["gb","A0053","Cat Smith"]],"cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"report","country":"mw","title":"Commitment to Reducing Inequality Index: Malawi Country Profile 2025","by":"Jo Walker and Matthew Martin (with Oxfam in Malawi, MEJN, and NCA-DCA)","published":"2025-07-18","url":"https://southernafrica.oxfam.org/latest/publications/tackling-inequality-commitment-reducing-inequality-cri-country-profile-malawi","summary":"Evaluates Malawi's fiscal framework and inequality gap, recommending a moderate wealth tax of 0.7% on accumulated wealth (raising ~$70M) to fund universal essential healthcare for 890,000 citizens.","cname":"Malawi"},{"kind":"paper","country":"uy","title":"Consideraciones sobre un gravamen al 1% más rico de la población uruguaya","by":"Mauricio De Rosa and Joan Vilá (Instituto de Economía, Universidad de la República), letter to the PIT-CNT","published":"2025-07-02","url":"https://mail.pitcnt.uy/sites/default/files/2025-07/Consideraciones%20de%20impuesto%20riqueza.pdf","summary":"Two economists review the evidence on the wealth held by the richest 1%, estimate that a 1% tax on it could raise 0.75% to 1% of GDP (USD 600 to 800 million), and discuss evasion and a design built on the existing Impuesto al Patrimonio, concluding that the literature does not show such a proposal to be unviable.","people":[["uy","A0019","Mauricio De Rosa"],["uy","A0022","Joan Vilá"]],"cname":"Uruguay"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ro","title":"Legea impozitării marilor afaceri și averi (L299/2025, PL-x 378/2025)","by":"Liviu-Iulian Fodoca, Dumitrița Albu, Dumitru Coarnă, Andrei Csillag, Călin-Florin Groza and Gheorghe-Petru Pîclișan (all unaffiliated)","published":"2025-06-25","url":"https://www.senat.ro/Legis/Lista.aspx?cod=26923","summary":"Fiscal Code amendments whose explanatory memorandum introduces a Title on the tax on large fortunes: an annual 'solidarity tax' of 1%, 2% or 3% on the declared wealth of individuals above EUR 10 million, with higher rates at higher tiers, alongside rates on the income of very large taxpayers.","status":"Rejected by the Senate on 6 October 2025 (87 for rejection, 35 against, 2 abstentions) and sent to the Chamber of Deputies on 13 October 2025. The Senate page lists the stage as sent to the Chamber for debate; its last entries are of 10 March 2026 (the Chamber's budget and industries committees filed a rejection report) and no Chamber plenary vote is shown (read 1 November 2026; the Chamber's own page was not read).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["ro","A0003","Liviu-Iulian Fodoca"],["ro","A0004","Dumitrița Albu"],["ro","A0005","Dumitru Coarnă"],["ro","A0006","Andrei Csillag"],["ro","A0007","Călin-Florin Groza"],["ro","A0008","Gheorghe-Petru Pîclișan"]],"cname":"Romania"},{"kind":"report","country":"fr","title":"L’essentiel sur la proposition de loi instaurant un impôt plancher de 2 % sur le patrimoine des ultrariches","by":"Emmanuel Capus, for the commission des finances of the Sénat","published":"2025-06-04","url":"https://www.senat.fr/fileadmin/cru-1750816532/Commissions/Finances/2024-2025/Textes_legislatifs/Essentiel_PPL_IPF_Post_com.pdf","summary":"The Senate finance committee's summary of its examination of the text adopted by the Assemblée (no. 380): it weighs the evidence on regressivity at the top against the constitutional and valuation objections.","cname":"France"},{"kind":"paper","country":"be","title":"'Tax the rich'. Hoe denken Belgen over een vermogensbelasting?","by":"Ellen Roelandts (KU Leuven), Samenleving & Politiek","published":"2025-06","url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/36ed704c-c2ca-4f70-ab8b-82d4237b12af","summary":"Uses the Belgian National Election Study 1999-2019 to show broad and stable public support for taxing large fortunes, including two in three for a tax on wealth above EUR 1 million in 2019.","people":[["be","A0069","Ellen Roelandts"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"bill","country":"be","title":"Wetsvoorstel tot instelling van een belasting op de grote vermogens / Proposition de loi visant à introduire un impôt sur les grands patrimoines (DOC 56 0901/001)","by":"Paul Magnette and nine other PS members","published":"2025-05-15","url":"https://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/56/0901/56K0901001.pdf","summary":"Proposes a tax of 1% on the slices of wealth between EUR 5 million and EUR 100 million and 2% on the slices above EUR 100 million.","status":"Page header 'hangend' (pending in the Chamber). The Finance and Budget committee's entry for 6 October 2026 reads 'verworpen' (rejected); the urgency vote was rejected on 22 May 2025. No plenary vote on the bill is recorded as of 1 November 2026.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["be","A0006","Paul Magnette"],["be","A0021","Sophie Thémont"],["be","A0022","Frédéric Daerden"],["be","A0023","Caroline Désir"],["be","A0024","Hugues Bayet"],["be","A0025","Ludivine Dedonder"],["be","A0026","Khalil Aouasti"],["be","A0027","Lydia Mutyebele Ngoi"],["be","A0028","Christophe Lacroix"],["be","A0029","Pierre-Yves Dermagne"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"report","country":"ca","title":"Implementing annual wealth tax (45th General Election costing)","by":"Parliamentary Budget Officer, for the New Democratic Party","published":"2025-04-19","url":"https://www.pbo-dpb.ca/en/epc-estimates--estimations-cpe/45/EL-45-1023246-P","summary":"Election costing of the NDP's annual household wealth tax (1% on net worth from $10 million to $50 million, 2% to $100 million, 3% above): about $22.8 billion net in 2025-26 and $121.3 billion over five years, assuming 35% of each household's wealth is hidden.","cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"paper","country":"tr","title":"Servet Dağılımında Servet Vergisinin Rolü: Türkiye için Bir Net Servet Vergisi Önerisi","by":"Tarık Zeki Yılmaz, Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi","published":"2025-03-26","url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijmeb/article/1577483","summary":"Reviews wealth inequality in the world and in Türkiye and the net wealth taxes of other countries, and proposes a net wealth tax for Türkiye because current wealth-related taxes do not tax individuals' net wealth.","people":[["tr","A0029","Tarık Zeki Yılmaz"]],"cname":"Turkey"},{"kind":"report","country":"ca","title":"Un nouvel impôt sur le patrimoine","by":"Guillaume Hébert (IRIS)","published":"2025-03-13","url":"https://iris-recherche.qc.ca/publications/impot-patrimoine/","summary":"Proposes a Québec tax on household net assets above $2 million, at 0.2% from $2 to 5 million, 0.5% to $25 million, 0.75% to $100 million and 1.25% above, aimed at the richest 10% of households and estimated to raise about $6.8 billion.","people":[["ca","A0124","Guillaume Hébert"],["ca","A0123","Institut de recherche et d’informations socioéconomiques"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"Resources for a Safe and Resilient Europe: The Case for Minimum Taxation of Ultra-High-Net-Worth Individuals in the EU","by":"Quentin Parrinello, Giulia Varaschin and Gabriel Zucman (EU Tax Observatory)","published":"2025-03","url":"https://taxobservatory.world/publication/resources-for-a-safe-and-resilient-europe-the-case-for-minimum-taxation-of-ultra-high-net-worth-individuals-in-the-eu/","summary":"Policy note proposing a minimum tax of 2% or 3% on the wealth of people with more than 100 million or 1 billion euros; Oxfam's account of it gives 67 billion euros at 2% and 121 billion at 3% for 23 EU countries.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"report","country":"fr","title":"Rapport n° 930 sur la proposition de loi instaurant un impôt plancher de 2 % sur le patrimoine des ultrariches (n° 768)","by":"Eva Sas, for the commission des finances of the Assemblée nationale","published":"2025-02-12","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/17/rapports/cion_fin/l17b0930_rapport-fond.pdf","summary":"The finance committee report introducing the floor tax of 2% on the wealth of the richest households, tabled for the first reading of the Zucman tax proposal.","people":[["fr","A0200","Eva Sas"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"bill","country":"australia","title":"Matters of Urgency: Cost of Living (tax billionaires), urgency motion by Senator Nick McKim","by":"Senator Nick McKim (Australian Greens)","published":"2025-02-11","url":"https://theyvoteforyou.org.au/divisions/senate/2025-02-11/2","summary":"Urgency motion calling on the Government to support the Greens plan to tax Australia's billionaires and use the revenue for cost of living relief; the Greens plan is an annual 10% tax on billionaires' net wealth.","status":"Matter of urgency motion put to a Senate division on 11 February 2025 and not passed","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["australia","A0004","Nick McKim"],["australia","A0007","Barbara Pocock"],["australia","A0014","David Shoebridge"],["australia","A0015","Steph Hodgins-May"],["australia","A0029","Larissa Waters"],["australia","A0046","Penny Allman-Payne"],["australia","A0047","Dorinda Cox"],["australia","A0048","Mehreen Faruqi"],["australia","A0049","Sarah Hanson-Young"],["australia","A0016","Jordon Steele-John"],["australia","A0051","Peter Whish-Wilson"],["australia","A0052","Lidia Thorpe"]],"cname":"Australia"},{"kind":"report","country":"australia","title":"Greens will tax 150 billionaires as part of revenue plan to fund dental into Medicare, GP for free and other cost of living measures","by":"Australian Greens","published":"2025-02-11","url":"https://greens.org.au/news/greens-will-tax-150-billionaires-part-revenue-plan-fund-dental-medicare-gp-free-and-other-cost","summary":"Announces a Parliamentary Budget Office-costed plan under which Australia's 150 billionaires would pay an annual 10% tax on their net wealth, expected to raise $23 billion over the forward estimates and $50 billion over the decade.","people":[["australia","A0001","Australian Greens"]],"cname":"Australia"},{"kind":"poll","country":"nl","title":"Higher taxes for the super-rich (as cited by Oxfam Novib)","by":"cited in Oxfam Novib report for Oxfam Novib","published":"2025-01-24","url":"https://www.accountancyvanmorgen.nl/2025/01/24/oxfam-ongelijkheid-groeit-door-fiscaal-beleid-dat-vermogens-bevoordeelt/","fig":"72%","summary":"Netherlands, adults","cname":"Netherlands"},{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"House Bill 1319: wealth tax on the ownership of stocks, bonds and other financial intangible property (Washington)","by":"Reps. Street, Ormsby and Macri, by request of the Office of Financial Management","published":"2025-01-15","url":"https://lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov/biennium/2025-26/Htm/Bills/House%20Bills/1319.htm","summary":"A 1% annual tax on the worldwide financial intangible assets of residents above a $100 million exclusion (no deduction for debts), estimated to reach about 3,400 residents.","status":"Introduced 15 January 2025 and referred to the House Finance committee; carried into the 2026 session on 12 January 2026 ('reintroduced and retained in present status'). The bill page shows no hearing or vote and still lists it in House Finance (read 1 November 2026). The 2026 session, the last of the 2025-26 biennium, adjourned sine die on 12 March 2026 (HCR 4409).","state":"lapsed","level":"regional","people":[["us","A0374","Chipalo Street"],["us","A0375","Timm Ormsby"],["us","A0376","Nicole Macri"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fr","title":"Proposition de loi n° 768 instaurant un impôt plancher de 2 % sur le patrimoine des ultra riches","by":"Eva Sas, Clémentine Autain and the Écologiste et Social group","published":"2025-01-07","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/17/pdf/propositions/pion0768.pdf","summary":"The \"taxe Zucman\": a floor tax of 2% on the wealth of the richest households.","status":"Passed the Assemblée nationale in February 2025; not adopted by the Sénat on 12 June 2025","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fr","A0200","Eva Sas"],["fr","A0049","Clémentine Autain"],["fr","A0044","Pouria Amirshahi"],["fr","A0048","Christine Arrighi"],["fr","A0050","Léa Balage El Mariky"],["fr","A0052","Delphine Batho"],["fr","A0057","Lisa Belluco"],["fr","A0059","Karim Ben Cheikh"],["fr","A0064","Benoît Biteau"],["fr","A0066","Nicolas Bonnet"],["fr","A0067","Arnaud Bonnet"],["fr","A0081","Cyrielle Chatelain"],["fr","A0086","Alexis Corbière"],["fr","A0088","Hendrik Davi"],["fr","A0098","Emmanuel Duplessy"],["fr","A0107","Charles Fournier"],["fr","A0111","Marie-Charlotte Garin"],["fr","A0113","Damien Girard"],["fr","A0121","Steevy Gustave"],["fr","A0125","Catherine Hervieu"],["fr","A0130","Jérémie Iordanoff"],["fr","A0136","Julie Laernoes"],["fr","A0137","Tristan Lahais"],["fr","A0150","Benjamin Lucas-Lundy"],["fr","A0168","Julie Ozenne"],["fr","A0173","Sébastien Peytavie"],["fr","A0178","Marie Pochon"],["fr","A0184","Jean-Claude Raux"],["fr","A0185","Sandra Regol"],["fr","A0188","Jean-Louis Roumégas"],["fr","A0189","Sandrine Rousseau"],["fr","A0192","François Ruffin"],["fr","A0202","Sabrina Sebaihi"],["fr","A0204","Danielle Simonnet"],["fr","A0209","Sophie Taillé-Polian"],["fr","A0213","Boris Tavernier"],["fr","A0214","Nicolas Thierry"],["fr","A0221","Dominique Voynet"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"United Nations Handbook on Wealth and Solidarity Taxes","by":"UN Committee of Experts on International Cooperation in Tax Matters","published":"2025","url":"https://financing.desa.un.org/sites/default/files/2025-11/WEB_WT_2025_FINAL_27_10.pdf","summary":"Guidance approved by the UN Tax Committee in 2025 on taxing wealth; the Committee's Subcommittee on Wealth Taxation, set up in October 2025, builds on it, and the DESA brief on net wealth taxes cites it.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"UN DESA Policy Brief No. 168: Net Wealth Taxes: How they can help fight inequality and fund sustainable development","by":"Ilka Ritter, Laura Burt and Belisa Ferreira Liotti (UN DESA)","published":"2024-12-04","url":"https://desapublications.un.org/policy-briefs/un-desa-policy-brief-no-168-net-wealth-taxes-how-they-can-help-fight-inequality-and","summary":"Policy brief on the design of net wealth taxes: exemption thresholds, rates, avoidance through residency and undervaluation, and the value of international cooperation if the revenue is to fund sustainable development.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 203/2024: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (IGF)","by":"Elisangela Araujo","published":"2024-11-19","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2470422","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes provided for in art. 153, VII of the Constitution.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Aguardando Despacho do Presidente da Câmara dos Deputados (Chancela)\": the history shows only the filing on 19 Nov 2024, with no referral to a committee and no other action since.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0114","Elisangela Araujo"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"gb","title":"EDM 340: 2% wealth tax","by":"Iqbal Mohamed MP (Independent)","published":"2024-10-30","url":"https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/62680","summary":"Calls on the Government to introduce a 2% annual wealth tax on individuals with assets above £10 million.","status":"Early Day Motion tabled 30 October 2024 in the 2024-26 session; signed by 14 Members, no amendments","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["gb","A0029","Iqbal Mohamed"],["gb","A0021","Ayoub Khan"],["gb","A0043","Jeremy Corbyn"],["gb","A0054","Jim Shannon"],["gb","A0041","Carla Denyer"],["gb","A0011","John McDonnell"],["gb","A0030","Shockat Adam"],["gb","A0007","Jon Trickett"],["gb","A0001","Richard Burgon"],["gb","A0025","Ann Davies"],["gb","A0022","Ben Lake"],["gb","A0024","Liz Saville Roberts"],["gb","A0023","Llinos Medi"],["gb","A0016","Rachael Maskell"]],"cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"bill","country":"tr","title":"Servet Vergisi ve Temel Gelir Güvencesi Kanun Teklifi (2/2613)","by":"Perihan Koca (DEM Parti, Mersin)","published":"2024-10-16","url":"https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/Gundem/GelenKagitDetay/0d878194-e144-4bef-b35e-01929e76a9ff","summary":"Bill for an annual wealth tax on the real estate, luxury movables, deposits and financial assets of individuals and companies worth over TL 40 million (2% from TL 40 million, 3.5% from TL 100 million, higher at the top), to fund a basic income guarantee for households below the hunger line.","status":"Received by the Speaker's Office on 16 October 2024 (incoming papers of 17 October) and referred to the Plan and Budget Committee and the Health, Family, Labour and Social Affairs Committee. The page shows no report or later stage (read 1 November 2026).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["tr","A0001","Perihan Koca"]],"cname":"Turkey"},{"kind":"report","country":"kr","title":"감세정국에서 부유세 도입을 말하다 (forum proceedings)","by":"Keynote by Jung Se-eun (Chungnam National University) with discussants from the Labour, Green and Justice parties and civil society; posted by the Labour Party","published":"2024-10-11","url":"https://www.laborparty.kr/?mod=document&page_id=13648&pageid=1&uid=2801","summary":"Proceedings of a forum on introducing a wealth tax amid tax cuts, with a keynote on the issues in creating one and six discussant papers, one of which argues for strengthening asset taxes instead.","people":[["kr","A0003","Jung Se-eun (정세은)"],["kr","A0026","Son Jong-pil (손종필)"]],"cname":"South Korea"},{"kind":"report","country":"fi","title":"Kansainvälinen minimivero varakkaimmille yksityishenkilöille (An international minimum tax on the wealthiest individuals)","by":"Finnwatch","published":"2024-10-09","url":"https://finnwatch.org/fi/tutkimukset/kansainvaelinen-minimivero-varakkaimmille-yksityishenkiloeille","summary":"Research article that sets out the details of Gabriel Zucman's G20 proposal for a minimum tax on the wealth of the richest individuals and why existing taxes leave billionaires lightly taxed.","people":[["fi","A0054","Finnwatch"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"be","title":"Wetsvoorstel tot instelling van een miljonairstaks / Proposition de loi créant une taxe sur les millionnaires (DOC 56 0323/001)","by":"Sofie Merckx, Kemal Bilmez, Peter Mertens, Roberto D'Amico, Raoul Hedebouw and Nadia Moscufo (PVDA-PTB)","published":"2024-10-08","url":"https://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/56/0323/56K0323001.pdf","summary":"Proposes a tax on wealth of EUR 5 million or more at 2% on the slice from EUR 5m to 10m and 3% above EUR 10m, exempting the part below EUR 5m.","status":"Pending in the Chamber's Finance and Budget committee (page header 'hangend'): discussion started on 12 November 2024 and the committee calendar lists it 'in bespreking' on 17 March, 22 September and 6 October 2026. The urgency vote was rejected on 17 October 2024; no vote on the bill itself is recorded (Chamber page read 1 November 2026).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["be","A0004","Sofie Merckx"],["be","A0002","Peter Mertens"],["be","A0003","Raoul Hedebouw"],["be","A0018","Kemal Bilmez"],["be","A0019","Roberto D’Amico"],["be","A0020","Nadia Moscufo"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"paper","country":"no","title":"Wealth Taxation and Household Saving: Evidence from Assessment Discontinuities in Norway","by":"Marius A. K. Ring (University of Texas at Austin)","published":"2024-10-08","url":"https://www.restud.com/wealth-taxation-and-household-saving-evidence-from-assessment-discontinuities-in-norway/","summary":"Uses geographic discontinuities in Norway's annual net wealth tax and third-party saving data to find that each krone of wealth tax raises annual net financial saving by 3.76 kroner, mostly through higher labour earnings.","cname":"Norway"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 19/1952: Vermögensteuer wieder einführen – Reiche müssen ihren fairen Beitrag leisten!","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin)","published":"2024-10-08","url":"https://parlament-berlin.de/adosservice/19/IIIPlen/vorgang/d19-1952.pdf","summary":"Asks the Berlin Senate to start a Bundesrat initiative to bring back the wealth tax and to commission a legal opinion on whether the Land now has the power to do so.","status":"Committees recommended rejection (Drucksache 19/2364, 3 April 2025: Ausschuss für Bundes- und Europaangelegenheiten 12 March, Hauptausschuss 2 April; CDU, SPD and AfD against Greens and Linke). The plenary decision was not found. The 19th term ended when the newly elected Abgeordnetenhaus met on 29 October 2026, so the motion is no longer pending.","state":"lapsed","level":"regional","people":[["de","A0171","Die Linke Fraktion im Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"report","country":"ng","title":"Taxing the Rich: Nigerian Fair Tax Monitor Thematic Report","by":"CISLAC, Oxfam in Nigeria and Tax Justice Network Africa, with Oxfam Novib","published":"2024-10","url":"https://oi-files-cng-v2-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/nigeria.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/Taxing%20the%20Rich%20Spread.pdf?VersionId=0nArswGanmdZOgSm4gvshQZvXqKBUU_8","summary":"Report on how Nigeria taxes its high-net-worth individuals that recommends a progressive net wealth tax (1% from 1 million dollars, 2% from 5 million, 5% from 50 million) and cites an estimate of over 6 billion dollars a year.","people":[["ng","A0002","Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre"],["ng","A0001","Oxfam in Nigeria"],["ng","A0016","Tax Justice Network Africa"],["ng","A0026","Oxfam Novib"],["ng","A0017","Mtwalo Msoni"],["ng","A0018","Ishmael Zulu"],["ng","A0027","Make Tax Fair"],["ng","A0028","Institute for Policy Studies"],["ng","A0029","Patriotic Millionaires"],["ng","A0030","Fight Inequality Alliance"]],"cname":"Nigeria"},{"kind":"paper","country":"it","title":"Tackling the regressivity of the Italian tax system: An optimal taxation framework with heterogeneous returns to capital","by":"Matteo Dalle Luche, Demetrio Guzzardi, Elisa Palagi, Andrea Roventini and Alessandro Santoro (World Inequality Lab WP 2024/23)","published":"2024-10","url":"https://prod.wid.world/www-site/uploads/2024/10/WorldInequalityLab_WP2024_23_Tackling-the-regressivity-of-the-Italian-tax-system_Final.pdf","summary":"Using ECB distributional wealth accounts, finds the Italian tax system regressive over the top 7% and estimates the revenue and inequality effects of higher optimal rates on capital income or of a progressive wealth tax.","people":[["it","A0031","Demetrio Guzzardi"],["it","A0039","Elisa Palagi"],["it","A0042","Andrea Roventini"]],"cname":"Italy"},{"kind":"poll","country":"it","title":"A European tax on large fortunes, which in Italy would apply to the richest 0.1% (about 50,000 people with net wealth above EUR 5.4m)","by":"Istituto Demopolis for Oxfam Italia","published":"2024-09-26","url":"https://www.oxfamitalia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/CS_OXFAM_GLI-ITALIANI-E-LA-GRANDE-RICCHEZZA_nuovo-sondaggio-di-DEMOPOLIS-PER-OXFAM_definitivo.pdf","fig":"70%","summary":"Italy, adults · over 4,000 respondents","cname":"Italy"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fr","title":"Proposition de loi n° 246 visant à mettre en place une contribution exceptionnelle sur le patrimoine des contribuables les plus riches pour financer la transition écologique","by":"Nicolas Sansu, André Chassaigne and the Gauche démocrate et républicaine group","published":"2024-09-17","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/17/textes/l17b0246_proposition-loi.pdf","summary":"A three-year exceptional levy on the net wealth of the richest taxpayers (2% from EUR 5 million, 6% from EUR 100 million, 10% above EUR 1 billion), to finance the ecological transition.","status":"Registered at the Assemblée nationale on 17 September 2024 and referred to the commission des finances. The text page shows no report, committee examination or floor debate (the legislative dossier was not opened).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["fr","A0198","Nicolas Sansu"],["fr","A0001","André Chassaigne"],["fr","A0030","Mereana Reid Arbelot"],["fr","A0035","Davy Rimane"],["fr","A0036","Émeline K/Bidi"],["fr","A0038","Emmanuel Tjibaou"],["fr","A0069","Soumya Bourouaha"],["fr","A0073","Édouard Bénard"],["fr","A0078","Jean-Victor Castor"],["fr","A0103","Elsa Faucillon"],["fr","A0141","Karine Lebon"],["fr","A0143","Jean-Paul Lecoq"],["fr","A0152","Frédéric Maillot"],["fr","A0155","Emmanuel Maurel"],["fr","A0161","Yannick Monnet"],["fr","A0162","Marcellin Nadeau"],["fr","A0172","Stéphane Peu"],["fr","A0252","Parti communiste français (PCF)"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"poll","country":"australia","title":"A wealth tax on people with wealth of over $50 million","by":"YouGov for Oxfam Australia","published":"2024-07-25","url":"https://www.oxfam.org.au/media-releases/top-1-percent-bags-over-40-trillion-in-new-wealth-during-past-decade-as-taxes-on-the-rich-reach-historic-lows/","fig":"74%","summary":"Australia, adults · not stated in Oxfam's release","cname":"Australia"},{"kind":"poll","country":"de","title":"Reintroducing the wealth tax: a levy on private persons and companies on wealth above EUR 1 million","by":"Forsa for Stern","published":"2024-07-09","url":"https://www.schwaebische.de/politik/umfrage-mehrheit-ist-fuer-vermoegenssteuer-2686241","fig":"62%","summary":"Germany, adults (1,008 respondents) · 1,008 people","cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"poll","country":"id","title":"A tax on the wealth of the super-rich to fund economic, social, and environmental transformations","by":"Ipsos for Earth4All / Global Commons Alliance","published":"2024-06-25","url":"https://earth4all.life/news/tax-the-rich-say-g20-citizens/","fig":"86%","summary":"Indonesia, adults aged 18-75, online · 1,000 respondents in Indonesia (22,000 across 22 countries)","cname":"Indonesia"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"A blueprint for a coordinated minimum effective taxation standard for ultra-high-net-worth individuals","by":"Gabriel Zucman, for the Brazilian G20 presidency (EU Tax Observatory)","published":"2024-06-25","url":"https://gabriel-zucman.eu/files/report-g20.pdf","summary":"Commissioned by the G20 presidency: proposes a minimum tax of 2% of wealth a year for individuals worth over $1 billion, which countries could levy as a wealth tax or by other means.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"poll","country":"sa","title":"A wealth tax on wealthy individuals to fund major changes to our economy and lifestyles (support / strongly support)","by":"Ipsos for Earth4All and Global Commons Alliance","published":"2024-06-24","url":"https://earth4all.life/global-survey-2024/","fig":"54%","summary":"Saudi Arabia, adults aged 18-75 · 1,000 adults aged 18-75","cname":"Saudi Arabia"},{"kind":"poll","country":"tr","title":"A wealth tax on wealthy individuals to fund major changes to our economy and lifestyles (support / strongly support)","by":"Ipsos for Earth4All and Global Commons Alliance","published":"2024-06-24","url":"https://earth4all.life/global-survey-2024/","fig":"78%","summary":"Turkey, adults aged 18-75 · 1,000 adults aged 18-75","cname":"Turkey"},{"kind":"poll","country":"br","title":"A higher tax on the large fortunes concentrated in the hands of the 'super-rich'","by":"Ipsos for Earth4All (survey partner)","published":"2024-06-24","url":"https://www.poder360.com.br/economia/69-dos-brasileiros-apoiam-taxar-super-ricos-diz-pesquisa/","fig":"69%","summary":"Brazil, adults aged 18-75, online · 22,000 respondents in 22 countries","cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"poll","country":"in","title":"Wealthy people paying a higher tax on their wealth, as a means of funding major changes to our economy and lifestyles","by":"Ipsos for Earth4All and the Global Commons Alliance","published":"2024-06","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/dfyeeawiq/images/v1718712056/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-India-Country-Deck/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-India-Country-Deck.pdf","fig":"74%","summary":"India, adults aged 18-65, online · 1,000 respondents in India (21,000 across 21 countries)","cname":"India"},{"kind":"poll","country":"za","title":"Wealthy people paying a higher tax on their wealth, as a means of funding major changes to our economy and lifestyles","by":"Ipsos for Earth4All and the Global Commons Alliance","published":"2024-06","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/dfyeeawiq/images/v1718715240/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-South-Africa-Country-Deck/Earth-for-All-Survey-2024-South-Africa-Country-Deck.pdf","fig":"68%","summary":"South Africa, adults, online · 1,000 respondents in South Africa (21,000 across 21 countries)","cname":"South Africa"},{"kind":"report","country":"ar","title":"Por un paquete fiscal que termine con la violencia del hambre en la Argentina","by":"Claudio Lozano, Agustina Haimovich, Javier Rameri, Ana Rameri, Mariana Rivolta and Eugenia Ventura Flossi (IPyPP)","published":"2024-06","url":"https://ipypp.org.ar/descargas/2024/Por%20un%20paquete%20fiscal%20que%20termine%20con%20el%20hambre.pdf","summary":"Proposes a surcharge on the Bienes Personales (personal net wealth) tax on the 50 largest fortunes to raise USD 2 billion, and USD 4 billion if extended to the richest 0.07% of the population.","people":[["ar","A0004","Instituto de Pensamiento y Políticas Públicas"]],"cname":"Argentina"},{"kind":"paper","country":"in","title":"Towards Tax Justice and Wealth Redistribution in India: Proposals based on latest inequality estimates","by":"Nitin Kumar Bharti, Lucas Chancel, Thomas Piketty and Anmol Somanchi (World Inequality Lab)","published":"2024-05-24","url":"https://prod.wid.world/www-site/uploads/2024/05/WorldInequalityLab_2024_Torwards-Tax-Justice-Wealth-Redistribution-in-India_Issue-Brief.pdf","summary":"Issue brief that costs a baseline 2% annual tax on net wealth above 10 crore rupees plus a 33% inheritance tax at about 2.7% of GDP, falling on 0.04% of adults.","people":[["in","A0002","Nitin Kumar Bharti"],["in","A0003","Lucas Chancel"],["in","A0004","Thomas Piketty"],["in","A0005","Anmol Somanchi"],["in","A0001","World Inequality Lab"]],"cname":"India"},{"kind":"report","country":"cz","title":"Studie: Daň ze superbohatství","by":"Miroslav Palanský, for the Strana zelených (Green Party)","published":"2024-05-22","url":"https://www.zeleni.cz/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Studie_Dan%CC%8C_ze_superbohatstvi%CC%81.pdf","summary":"Models a Spanish-style tax on net wealth in Czechia with a 3.5% rate above CZK 111 million, which it estimates would hit about 4,200 people and raise roughly CZK 58 billion a year, plus progressive variants.","people":[["cz","A0010","Miroslav Palanský"]],"cname":"Czechia"},{"kind":"poll","country":"cz","title":"Introduction of a tax on super-wealth (assets above 111 million CZK at a rate of 3.5%)","by":"Representative opinion poll for Strana zelených (Green Party)","published":"2024-05-22","url":"https://www.zeleni.cz/dan-ze-superbohatsvi-by-mohla-prinest-az-58-mld-rocne/","fig":"63%","summary":"Czechia, representative sample · Representative sample of Czech population","cname":"Czechia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fr","title":"Proposition de loi n° 2563 visant à rétablir et renforcer l’impôt de solidarité sur la fortune","by":"Matthias Tavel, Mathilde Panot and the La France insoumise group","published":"2024-05-02","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/textes/l16b2563_proposition-loi.pdf","summary":"Restores the ISF as it stood before 2018, with professional assets counted above EUR 2 million and a steeper rate scale, citing the 2022 France Stratégie evaluation of the 2018 repeal.","status":"Registered at the Assemblée nationale on 2 May 2024 and referred to the commission des finances; the text shows no later stage (16th legislature)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fr","A0212","Matthias Tavel"],["fr","A0006","Loïc Prud'homme"],["fr","A0007","Caroline Fiat"],["fr","A0008","Adrien Quatennens"],["fr","A0013","Sophia Chikirou"],["fr","A0014","Léo Walter"],["fr","A0015","Catherine Couturier"],["fr","A0016","Pascale Martin"],["fr","A0017","Michel Sala"],["fr","A0018","Nathalie Oziol"],["fr","A0019","Sébastien Rome"],["fr","A0020","Frédéric Mathieu"],["fr","A0021","Charlotte Leduc"],["fr","A0022","Martine Etienne"],["fr","A0024","Sylvie Ferrer"],["fr","A0025","Idir Boumertit"],["fr","A0027","Jean-François Coulomme"],["fr","A0031","Rachel Keke"],["fr","A0032","Florian Chauche"],["fr","A0033","William Martinet"],["fr","A0037","Raquel Garrido"],["fr","A0039","Nadège Abomangoli"],["fr","A0040","Laurent Alexandre"],["fr","A0042","Gabriel Amard"],["fr","A0043","Ségolène Amiot"],["fr","A0045","Farida Amrani"],["fr","A0046","Rodrigo Arenas"],["fr","A0049","Clémentine Autain"],["fr","A0061","Ugo Bernalicis"],["fr","A0062","Christophe Bex"],["fr","A0063","Carlos Martens Bilongo"],["fr","A0065","Manuel Bompard"],["fr","A0070","Louis Boyard"],["fr","A0076","Aymeric Caron"],["fr","A0077","Sylvain Carrière"],["fr","A0083","Hadrien Clouet"],["fr","A0085","Éric Coquerel"],["fr","A0086","Alexis Corbière"],["fr","A0088","Hendrik Davi"],["fr","A0092","Sébastien Delogu"],["fr","A0097","Alma Dufour"],["fr","A0101","Karen Erodi"],["fr","A0106","Emmanuel Fernandes"],["fr","A0110","Perceval Gaillard"],["fr","A0119","Clémence Guetté"],["fr","A0120","David Guiraud"],["fr","A0126","Mathilde Hignet"],["fr","A0134","Andy Kerbrat"],["fr","A0135","Bastien Lachaud"],["fr","A0138","Maxime Laisney"],["fr","A0140","Arnaud Le Gall"],["fr","A0142","Élise Leboucher"],["fr","A0144","Jérôme Legavre"],["fr","A0145","Sarah Legrain"],["fr","A0147","Murielle Lepvraud"],["fr","A0151","Antoine Léaument"],["fr","A0153","Élisa Martin"],["fr","A0154","Damien Maudet"],["fr","A0156","Marianne Maximi"],["fr","A0159","Manon Meunier"],["fr","A0164","Jean-Philippe Nilor"],["fr","A0167","Danièle Obono"],["fr","A0169","Mathilde Panot"],["fr","A0175","René Pilato"],["fr","A0176","François Piquemal"],["fr","A0179","Thomas Portes"],["fr","A0183","Jean-Hugues Ratenon"],["fr","A0192","François Ruffin"],["fr","A0197","Aurélien Saintoul"],["fr","A0204","Danielle Simonnet"],["fr","A0206","Ersilia Soudais"],["fr","A0207","Anne Stambach-Terrenoir"],["fr","A0211","Andrée Taurinya"],["fr","A0217","Aurélie Trouvé"],["fr","A0219","Paul Vannier"],["fr","A0250","La France insoumise (LFI)"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"report","country":"it","title":"L'agenda TaxTheRich per l'Italia: Manifesto degli economisti e delle economiste italiani/e","by":"134 Italian economists, drafted by Demetrio Guzzardi, Elisa Palagi and Andrea Roventini (Sant'Anna School), presented with Oxfam Italia","published":"2024-05","url":"https://oxfamitalia.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Manifesto-TaxTheRich_DEF_26.04.2024.docx.pdf","summary":"Asks for a progressive tax on the richest 0.1% of citizens, with net wealth above €5.4 million, in line with the European Citizens' Initiative, within a year, together with higher inheritance tax and more top income-tax brackets.","people":[["it","A0031","Demetrio Guzzardi"],["it","A0039","Elisa Palagi"],["it","A0042","Andrea Roventini"]],"cname":"Italy"},{"kind":"bill","country":"uy","title":"Título 14: Impuesto al Patrimonio (IP), Texto Ordenado 2023, art. 4 Sujetos pasivos","by":"Poder Ejecutivo (Decreto 101/024), consolidating the Título 14 of the Texto Ordenado 1996","published":"2024-04-04","url":"https://impo.com.uy/bases/todgi2023/101-2024/4_T14","summary":"Creates \"un impuesto anual que recaerá sobre el patrimonio\" of the taxpayers listed in art. 4, for general revenue. Net wealth is assets minus tax-adjusted liabilities, counting what is located or used in Uruguay (art. 10).","status":"Texto ordenado approved by Decreto 101/024 of 4 April 2024 (published 16 May 2024); the tax dates from the Título 14 of the 1996 text (Decreto 338/996)","state":"in_force","level":"national","cname":"Uruguay"},{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"Ultra-Millionaire Tax Act of 2024 (S. 4017 and H.R. 7749, 118th Congress)","by":"Sen. Elizabeth Warren, Reps. Pramila Jayapal and Brendan Boyle","published":"2024-03-20","url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-118hr7749ih/html/BILLS-118hr7749ih.htm","summary":"Rewrites the 2021 text as a zero bracket to $50 million, 2% to $1 billion and 3% above (6% with Medicare for All) and adds rules for trusts.","status":"Introduced 20 March 2024 in the House (H.R. 7749, Jayapal) and 21 March 2024 in the Senate (S. 4017, Warren) and referred to committee; no later action is recorded in the bill status data","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["us","A0001","Elizabeth Warren"],["us","A0009","Pramila Jayapal"],["us","A0010","Brendan Boyle"],["us","A0002","Bernie Sanders"],["us","A0003","Sheldon Whitehouse"],["us","A0004","Jeff Merkley"],["us","A0006","Brian Schatz"],["us","A0007","Ed Markey"],["us","A0008","Mazie Hirono"],["us","A0114","Judy Chu"],["us","A0270","Eleanor Holmes Norton"],["us","A0271","Barbara Lee"],["us","A0272","Ilhan Omar"],["us","A0273","Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez"],["us","A0274","Cori Bush"],["us","A0275","Mark Takano"],["us","A0276","Jamaal Bowman"],["us","A0277","Jan Schakowsky"],["us","A0278","Bonnie Watson Coleman"],["us","A0280","Ayanna Pressley"],["us","A0281","Jim McGovern"],["us","A0282","Dwight E. Evans"],["us","A0283","Chuy García"],["us","A0284","Adam Smith"],["us","A0285","Rashida Tlaib"],["us","A0286","Susan Wild"],["us","A0288","Peter Welch"],["us","A0292","Mark DeSaulnier"],["us","A0295","Don Beyer"],["us","A0297","Frank Pallone"],["us","A0299","Danny K. Davis"],["us","A0300","Dan Goldman"],["us","A0301","Glenn Ivey"],["us","A0302","Jonathan Jackson"],["us","A0303","Hank Johnson"],["us","A0304","Summer Lee"],["us","A0305","Jerrold Nadler"],["us","A0306","Katie Porter"],["us","A0307","Delia C. Ramirez"],["us","A0308","Adam Schiff"],["us","A0309","Jill N. Tokuda"],["us","A0310","David Trone"],["us","A0311","Maxine Waters"],["us","A0312","Chris Deluzio"],["us","A0876","Robert Garcia (Congress)"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fr","title":"Proposition de loi n° 2193 visant à mettre en place une contribution exceptionnelle sur le patrimoine des contribuables les plus riches pour financer la transition écologique","by":"Nicolas Sansu, André Chassaigne and the Gauche démocrate et républicaine group","published":"2024-02-13","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/textes/l16b2193_proposition-loi.pdf","summary":"The 16th-legislature version of the three-year exceptional levy on large net wealth (2% from EUR 5 million, 6% from EUR 100 million, 10% above EUR 1 billion), re-filed as no. 246 in the 17th.","status":"Registered at the Assemblée nationale on 13 February 2024 and referred to the commission des finances; the text shows no later stage (16th legislature)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fr","A0198","Nicolas Sansu"],["fr","A0001","André Chassaigne"],["fr","A0003","Joël Aviragnet"],["fr","A0005","Pierre Dharréville"],["fr","A0007","Caroline Fiat"],["fr","A0009","Fabien Roussel"],["fr","A0010","Jiovanny William"],["fr","A0011","Sébastien Jumel"],["fr","A0014","Léo Walter"],["fr","A0015","Catherine Couturier"],["fr","A0021","Charlotte Leduc"],["fr","A0023","Jean-Marc Tellier"],["fr","A0028","Tematai Le Gayic"],["fr","A0029","Steve Chailloux"],["fr","A0030","Mereana Reid Arbelot"],["fr","A0035","Davy Rimane"],["fr","A0036","Émeline K/Bidi"],["fr","A0053","Marie-Noëlle Battistel"],["fr","A0068","Mickaël Bouloux"],["fr","A0069","Soumya Bourouaha"],["fr","A0073","Édouard Bénard"],["fr","A0078","Jean-Victor Castor"],["fr","A0100","Iñaki Echaniz"],["fr","A0103","Elsa Faucillon"],["fr","A0131","Chantal Jourdan"],["fr","A0138","Maxime Laisney"],["fr","A0141","Karine Lebon"],["fr","A0143","Jean-Paul Lecoq"],["fr","A0152","Frédéric Maillot"],["fr","A0154","Damien Maudet"],["fr","A0161","Yannick Monnet"],["fr","A0162","Marcellin Nadeau"],["fr","A0172","Stéphane Peu"],["fr","A0177","Christine Pirès Beaune"],["fr","A0180","Dominique Potier"],["fr","A0184","Jean-Claude Raux"],["fr","A0187","Claudia Rouaux"],["fr","A0200","Eva Sas"],["fr","A0201","Hervé Saulignac"],["fr","A0216","Mélanie Thomin"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"bill","country":"es","title":"Proposición de Ley 122/000045: Impuesto sobre la titularidad, tenencia, disponibilidad, disfrute o uso de bienes o derechos por personas con grandes fortunas","by":"Grupo Parlamentario Mixto (Podemos deputies)","published":"2024-01-12","url":"https://www.congreso.es/public_oficiales/L15/CONG/BOCG/B/BOCG-15-B-53-1.PDF","summary":"Re-presents the Podemos bill for a tax on the net wealth of people with large fortunes, with the same eight-bracket scale of marginal rates from 3.6% to 5% and a EUR 1 million reduction of the base.","status":"Admitida a trámite por la Mesa del Congreso (9 January 2024); published in the BOCG on 12 January 2024","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["es","A0114","Lilith Verstrynge Revuelta"],["es","A0014","Javier Sánchez Serna"],["es","A0039","Martina Velarde Gómez"],["es","A0115","Noemí Santana Perera"],["es","A0020","Ione Belarra Urteaga"],["es","A0071","Podemos"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"bill","country":"es","title":"Norma Foral 23/2023, de 15 de diciembre, por la que se regula el Impuesto Temporal de Solidaridad de las Grandes Fortunas (Álava)","by":"Juntas Generales de Álava","published":"2023-12-29","url":"https://www.araba.eus/BOTHA/Boletines/2023/150/2023_150_03738_C.pdf","summary":"Regulates in Álava the temporary solidarity tax on large fortunes, a complement to the wealth tax that applies to net wealth above EUR 3,000,000.","status":"Approved by the Juntas Generales de Álava on 15 December 2023; published in the BOTHA no. 150 of 29 December 2023","state":"in_force","level":"regional","people":[["es","A0148","Ramiro González Vicente"],["es","A0132","Juntas Generales de Álava"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ie","title":"Finance (No. 2) Bill 2023, Report Stage recommendation 3: report on a 2% wealth tax","by":"Senator Frances Black, seconded by Senator Paul Gavan","published":"2023-12-12","url":"https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/debateRecord/seanad/2023-12-12/debate/mul%40/main.pdf","summary":"Would oblige the Minister to lay a report on the revenue and distributional impact of a wealth tax of 2 per cent on all households with assets over 20 million euro.","status":"Recommendation put and declared lost in Seanad Éireann on 12 December 2023","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ie","A0044","Frances Black"],["ie","A0030","Paul Gavan"]],"cname":"Ireland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"nl","title":"Motie-Van der Lee (36 418, nr. 76): inzet voor een wereldwijde miljardairsbelasting","by":"Tom van der Lee (GroenLinks-PvdA)","published":"2023-10-25","url":"https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/moties/detail?did=2023D44198&id=2023Z18311","summary":"Asks the government to push in international forums for a global billionaire tax and to take the initiative with like-minded countries, for example with a white paper.","status":"Adopted by show of hands on the Tweede Kamer's page: 132 of 150 seats in favour (VVD 34, D66 24, PVV 16, CDA 14, PvdA 9, SP 9, GroenLinks 8, PvdD 6, ChristenUnie 5, DENK 3, Volt 2, BIJ1 1, Omtzigt 1) and 16 against (FVD 5, BBB 4, SGP 3, Groep Van Haga 2, Fractie Den Haan 1, JA21 1); Ephraim and Gündoğan did not take part. The Tweede Kamer's page lists votes by group and gives no vote date; it names no member who voted otherwise than their group.","state":"adopted","level":"national","people":[["nl","A0009","Tom van der Lee"],["nl","A0204","Tweede Kamer"]],"cname":"Netherlands"},{"kind":"bill","country":"nl","title":"Motie-Alkaya (36 418, nr. 74): mondiale minimumvermogensbelasting voor miljardairs","by":"Mahir Alkaya (SP)","published":"2023-10-25","url":"https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/kst-36418-74.pdf","summary":"Asks the government to form a lead group of OECD countries that actively campaigns for a global minimum wealth tax on billionaires, citing the EU Tax Observatory's Global Tax Evasion Report.","status":"Adopted by show of hands on the Tweede Kamer's page for the motion: 132 of 150 seats in favour (VVD 34, D66 24, PVV 16, CDA 14, PvdA 9, SP 9, GroenLinks 8, PvdD 6, ChristenUnie 5, DENK 3, Volt 2, BIJ1 1, Omtzigt 1) and 16 against (FVD 5, BBB 4, SGP 3, Groep Van Haga 2, Fractie Den Haan 1, JA21 1); Ephraim and Gündoğan did not take part. The Tweede Kamer's page lists votes by group and gives no vote date; it names no member who voted otherwise than their group. Taxlive.nl reports it among the motions adopted in the night of 26 to 27 October 2023.","state":"adopted","level":"national","people":[["nl","A0002","Mahir Alkaya"],["nl","A0204","Tweede Kamer"]],"cname":"Netherlands"},{"kind":"report","country":"id","title":"PB 42 – Pajak Kekayaan untuk Mengatasi Distribusi Beban Pajak yang Asimetris (Policy Brief)","by":"The PRAKARSA (Herni Ramdlaningrum, Eka Afrina Djamhari, Irvan Tengku Harja, Rizky Deco Praha, Victoria Fanggidae)","published":"2023-10-03","url":"https://theprakarsa.org/pajak-kekayaan-untuk-mengatasi-distribusi-beban-pajak-yang-asimetris/","summary":"Argues that Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam should adopt a wealth tax on high-net-worth individuals and estimates its potential revenue at US$8.18 billion in Indonesia, US$2.28 billion in the Philippines and US$3.09 billion in Vietnam.","people":[["id","A0035","Herni Ramdlaningrum"],["id","A0031","Eka Afrina Djamhari"],["id","A0032","Irvan Tengku Harja"],["id","A0033","Rizky Deco Praha"],["id","A0034","Victoria Fanggidae"]],"cname":"Indonesia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"th","title":"ร่างพระราชบัญญัติภาษีความมั่งคั่ง พ.ศ. .... (Draft Wealth Tax Act)","by":"Sirikanya Tansakun, Member of the House of Representatives, and colleagues","published":"2023-10","url":"https://www.parliament.go.th/section77/survey_detail.php?id=305","summary":"A new law introducing a wealth tax collected by the Revenue Department, with an asset and liability register, a tax base and rates, assessment and penalties; the Section 77 hearing drew 2,303 responses, 92.86% in favour.","status":"นายกรัฐมนตรีไม่รับรอง (the Prime Minister did not certify it); a money bill proposed by members of the House; Section 77 public hearing 2 October to 3 November 2023. Without that certification the bill could not go on to the House; I found no later action.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["th","A0001","Sirikanya Tansakun"],["th","A0003","Move Forward Party"]],"cname":"Thailand"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"Tax the rich: from slogan to reality","by":"Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament","published":"2023-09-15","url":"https://www.greens-efa.eu/en/article/study/tax-the-rich-from-slogan-to-reality","summary":"Study proposing a progressive wealth tax across the EU, modelled on a temporary Spanish measure, which it estimates would raise 213.3 billion euros a year, plus 59.5 billion from ending tax abuse through offshore wealth.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"report","country":"ph","title":"Tax the super-rich","by":"IBON Foundation","published":"2023-08-15","url":"https://www.ibon.org/tax-the-super-rich/","summary":"IBON estimates that a tax of 1% on wealth above 1 billion pesos, 2% above 2 billion and 3% above 3 billion would raise at least 502 billion pesos a year from about 3,000 billionaires.","cname":"Philippines"},{"kind":"bill","country":"global","title":"European citizens' initiative: Taxing great wealth to finance the ecological and social transition","by":"Citizens' initiative organisers (campaign site tax-the-rich.eu)","published":"2023-07-11","url":"https://citizens-initiative.europa.eu/initiatives/details/2023/000006_en","summary":"Calls on the European Commission to establish a European tax on great wealth that would feed the Union's own resources and pay for the ecological and social transition and development cooperation.","status":"Registered 11 July 2023; signature collection ran from 9 October 2023 to 9 October 2024 and is listed as unsuccessful on 29 October 2024, with 357,155 signatures reported by the organisers against the 1 million needed","state":"lapsed","level":"supranational","people":[["be","A0006","Paul Magnette"],["de","A0164","Marlene Engelhorn"],["de","A0202","Conny Reuter"]],"cname":"Global"},{"kind":"report","country":"be","title":"Studie over de belasting op grote vermogens (Study of the tax on large fortunes; DULBEA Policy Report 23.03)","by":"Thérèse Bastin, Benoît Bayenet, Ilan Tojerow and Magali Verdonck (DULBEA, Université libre de Bruxelles), for the Federal Planning Bureau","published":"2023-07","url":"https://dulbea.ulb.be/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/DULBEA-POLICY-REPORT-No23.03-NL.pdf","summary":"Defines the net wealth base, reviews how net wealth taxes work abroad and how wealth is taxed in Belgium, and assesses the behavioural effects and risks of a Belgian net wealth tax.","cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"paper","country":"ph","title":"Inequality, Tax Justice and the Philippine Wealth Tax Campaign","by":"Eduardo C. Tadem (UP Center for Integrative and Development Studies, Program on Alternative Development)","published":"2023-04","url":"https://cids.up.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Inequality-Tax-Justice-and-the-Philippine-Wealth-Tax-Campaign.pdf","summary":"Monograph that sets out the case for a Philippine wealth tax and traces the civil-society and labour campaign for it.","people":[["ph","A0017","Eduardo C. Tadem"]],"cname":"Philippines"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 69/2023: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (IGF)","by":"Jorge Goetten","published":"2023-03-21","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2352061","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados: attached to PLP 277/2008 on 2 Jun 2023, so it moves with it, although the situation field still reads \"Aguardando Encaminhamento\". Last entry 2 Jun 2023 (publication).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0113","Jorge Goetten"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Motion 23.3361: Für eine Steuer auf dem Vermögen der Superreichen!","by":"Stefania Prezioso Batou (Ensemble à Gauche)","published":"2023-03-17","url":"https://ws.parlament.ch/odata.svc/Business(ID=20233361,Language='DE')","summary":"Asks the Federal Council to amend Article 128 of the Federal Constitution so that a direct federal tax on the wealth of natural persons can be levied.","status":"Rejected by the National Council on 13 March 2024 (60 yes, 132 no)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ch","A0053","Stefania Prezioso Batou"],["ch","A0052","Katharina Prelicz-Huber"],["ch","A0026","Tamara Funiciello"],["ch","A0051","Léonore Porchet"],["ch","A0003","Emmanuel Amoos"],["ch","A0050","Valérie Piller Carrard"],["ch","A0028","Balthasar Glättli"],["ch","A0021","Laurence Fehlmann Rielle"],["ch","A0074","Nicolas Walder"],["ch","A0083","Denis de la Reussille"],["ch","A0045","Fabian Molina"],["ch","A0039","Ada Marra"],["ch","A0027","Bastien Girod"],["ch","A0047","Roger Nordmann"],["ch","A0001","Matthias Aebischer"],["ch","A0008","Jacqueline Badran"],["ch","A0024","Pierre-Alain Fridez"],["ch","A0077","Cédric Wermuth"],["ch","A0030","Barbara Gysi"],["ch","A0042","Nadine Masshardt"],["ch","A0070","Aline Trede"],["ch","A0025","Claudia Friedl"],["ch","A0046","Martina Munz"],["ch","A0005","Sibel Arslan"],["ch","A0040","Min Li Marti"],["ch","A0067","Priska Seiler Graf"],["ch","A0011","Samuel Bendahan"],["ch","A0035","Irène Kälin"],["ch","A0017","Brigitte Crottaz"],["ch","A0073","Michael Töngi"],["ch","A0041","Samira Marti"],["ch","A0023","Fabien Fivaz"],["ch","A0018","Christian Dandrès"],["ch","A0069","Gabriela Suter"],["ch","A0004","Gerhard Andrey"],["ch","A0010","Kilian Baumann"],["ch","A0031","Greta Gysin"],["ch","A0076","Manuela Weichelt"],["ch","A0063","Marionna Schlatter"],["ch","A0016","Christophe Clivaz"],["ch","A0054","Jon Pult"],["ch","A0079","Céline Widmer"],["ch","A0044","Sophie Michaud Gigon"],["ch","A0007","Christine Badertscher"],["ch","A0078","Felix Wettstein"],["ch","A0068","Bruno Storni"],["ch","A0013","Florence Brenzikofer"],["ch","A0080","Sarah Wyss"],["ch","A0037","Raphaël Mahaim"],["ch","A0014","Simona Brizzi"],["ch","A0058","David Roth"],["ch","A0064","Nina Schläfli"],["ch","A0082","Ursula Zybach"],["ch","A0015","Hasan Candan"],["ch","A0071","Jean Tschopp"],["ch","A0033","Jessica Jaccoud"],["ch","A0019","Martine Docourt"],["ch","A0056","Estelle Revaz"],["ch","A0081","Andrea Zryd"],["ch","A0057","Anna Rosenwasser"],["ch","A0072","Brenda Tuosto"],["ch","A0060","Farah Rumy"],["ch","A0002","Islam Alijaj"]],"cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"poll","country":"gb","title":"A 2% annual tax on people with more than £10 million in personal wealth (77% backed a 1% rate)","by":"YouGov for Tax Justice UK","published":"2023-03-13","url":"https://taxjustice.uk/blog/brits-back-an-annual-tax-on-the-super-rich-to-help-rebuild-the-nhs-and-public-services","fig":"74%","summary":"Britain, adults","cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"poll","country":"at","title":"Introduction of a tax on large wealth (agree, rather than disagree), asked among several tax proposals","by":"SORA Institute for Social Research and Consulting for Momentum Institut","published":"2023-03","url":"https://www.momentum-institut.at/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/umverteilung-so-denken-die-vielen-sora-momentum-institut-marz-2023.pdf","fig":"65%","summary":"Austria, residents aged 16 and over (2,000 people) · 2,000 people aged 16 and over, representative","cname":"Austria"},{"kind":"paper","country":"de","title":"Der grundgesetzliche Rahmen für die Wiedereinführung einer Vermögensteuer (HBS Working Paper 266)","by":"Alexander Thiele (Hans-Böckler-Stiftung)","published":"2023-02","url":"https://www.boeckler.de/fpdf/HBS-008555/p_fofoe_WP_266_2023.pdf","summary":"A legal opinion that concludes the Basic Law does not stand in the way of reintroducing a wealth tax.","people":[["de","A0334","Alexander Thiele"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"es","title":"Ley 38/2022: Impuesto Temporal de Solidaridad de las Grandes Fortunas","by":"Cortes Generales","published":"2022-12-28","url":"https://www.boe.es/eli/es/l/2022/12/27/38","summary":"Created a state-level tax on net wealth above €3 million, with rates from 0% to 3.5%, on top of the regional wealth tax.","status":"In force","state":"in_force","level":"national","people":[["es","A0055","Txema Guijarro García"],["es","A0146","Isaura Leal Fernández"],["es","A0062","Pedro Sánchez"],["es","A0060","Cortes Generales (Ley 38/2022)"],["es","A0063","María Jesús Montero"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"report","country":"no","title":"NOU 2022: 20 Et helhetlig skattesystem","by":"Skatteutvalget (chair Ragnar Torvik), for the Ministry of Finance","published":"2022-12-19","url":"https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/nyhetssak-fra-utvalget-som-har-vurdert-perspektivene-for-fremtiden-skatte-og-avgiftssystem/id2952143/","summary":"The expert committee's majority keeps a net wealth tax but would cut its revenue by NOK 8.4 billion (a much higher threshold, lower rates, a wider base without valuation discounts) and replace part of it with an inheritance tax; a minority wants a still smaller wealth tax.","cname":"Norway"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fr","title":"Proposition de loi n° 648 visant à établir un impôt sur la très grande fortune","by":"Marietta Karamanli, Boris Vallaud and the Socialistes et apparentés group","published":"2022-12-15","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/textes/l16b0648_proposition-loi.pdf","summary":"Replaces the property-only wealth tax (IFI) with a progressive annual tax on the worldwide net wealth of very large fortunes, from EUR 20 million with rates rising to 8% above EUR 10 billion.","status":"Registered at the Assemblée nationale on 15 December 2022 and referred to the commission des finances; the text shows no later stage (16th legislature)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fr","A0132","Marietta Karamanli"],["fr","A0004","Christian Baptiste"],["fr","A0068","Mickaël Bouloux"],["fr","A0177","Christine Pirès Beaune"],["fr","A0072","Philippe Brun"],["fr","A0218","Boris Vallaud"],["fr","A0003","Joël Aviragnet"],["fr","A0053","Marie-Noëlle Battistel"],["fr","A0089","Alain David"],["fr","A0090","Arthur Delaporte"],["fr","A0091","Stéphane Delautrette"],["fr","A0100","Iñaki Echaniz"],["fr","A0104","Olivier Faure"],["fr","A0112","Guillaume Garot"],["fr","A0118","Jérôme Guedj"],["fr","A0131","Chantal Jourdan"],["fr","A0133","Fatiha Keloua Hachi"],["fr","A0148","Gérard Leseul"],["fr","A0174","Anna Pic"],["fr","A0180","Dominique Potier"],["fr","A0187","Claudia Rouaux"],["fr","A0199","Isabelle Santiago"],["fr","A0201","Hervé Saulignac"],["fr","A0216","Mélanie Thomin"],["fr","A0220","Roger Vicot"],["fr","A0163","Philippe Naillet"],["fr","A0012","Hubert Julien-Laferrière"],["fr","A0179","Thomas Portes"],["fr","A0134","Andy Kerbrat"],["fr","A0021","Charlotte Leduc"],["fr","A0032","Florian Chauche"],["fr","A0014","Léo Walter"],["fr","A0147","Murielle Lepvraud"],["fr","A0024","Sylvie Ferrer"],["fr","A0178","Marie Pochon"],["fr","A0142","Élise Leboucher"],["fr","A0046","Rodrigo Arenas"],["fr","A0389","Valérie Rabault"],["fr","A0390","Cécile Untermaier"],["fr","A0391","Elie Califer"],["fr","A0392","Johnny Hajjar"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"bill","country":"co","title":"Ley 2277 de 2022: reforma tributaria para la igualdad y la justicia social (impuesto al patrimonio, arts. 35 to 37)","by":"Congreso de la República de Colombia (project of the Ministry of Finance under José Antonio Ocampo)","published":"2022-12-13","url":"https://www.secretariasenado.gov.co/senado/basedoc/ley_2277_2022.html","summary":"Adds articles 292-3, 294-3 and 295-3 to the Estatuto Tributario, creating a permanent annual wealth tax on net assets of 72,000 UVT or more held on 1 January, with the first 12,000 UVT of a person's home excluded.","status":"Ley 2277 de 2022 (Diario Oficial No. 52.247 of 13 December 2022); the Senate's text page was last updated on 15 October 2026","state":"in_force","level":"national","people":[["co","A0001","José Antonio Ocampo"],["co","A0014","Gustavo Petro"]],"cname":"Colombia"},{"kind":"report","country":"id","title":"PB 35 – Pajak Kekayaan: Menakar Potensi dan Peluang Implementasi di Indonesia (Policy Brief)","by":"The PRAKARSA (Eka Afrina Djamhari, Irvan Tengku Harja, Rizky Deco Praha, Victoria Fanggidae, Herni Ramdlaningrum)","published":"2022-11-16","url":"https://theprakarsa.org/pajak-kekayaan-menakar-potensi-dan-peluang-implementasi-di-indonesia/","summary":"Compares four wealth tax models and concludes that an annual progressive rate of 1% to 2% on high-net-worth individuals above IDR 144 billion is the most likely to be applied in Indonesia, with a one-off levy estimated at IDR 54 to 155.3 trillion.","people":[["id","A0031","Eka Afrina Djamhari"],["id","A0032","Irvan Tengku Harja"],["id","A0033","Rizky Deco Praha"],["id","A0034","Victoria Fanggidae"],["id","A0035","Herni Ramdlaningrum"],["id","A0018","The PRAKARSA"]],"cname":"Indonesia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"nl","title":"Motie-De Jong c.s. (36 202, nr. 102): onderzoek naar een miljonairsbelasting","by":"Romke de Jong (D66) and co-signatories","published":"2022-11-09","url":"https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/detail?did=2022D46539&id=2022Z21555","summary":"Asks the government to examine how a millionaire tax could be designed, for example a 1% wealth tax on box 3 assets above €1 million, so that workable scenarios exist for coalition talks.","status":"Adopted by show of hands on the Tweede Kamer's page: 100 votes in favour (D66 24, PVV 17, CDA 14, SP 9, GroenLinks 8, PvdA 8, PvdD 6, ChristenUnie 5, DENK 3, Volt 2, BBB 1, BIJ1 1, Fractie Den Haan 1, Gündoğan 1) and 48 against (VVD 34, FVD 5, Groep Van Haga 3, JA21 3, SGP 3); Omtzigt did not take part. The motion asks the government to study how a millionaires' tax could be designed; the page lists votes by group and gives no vote date.","state":"adopted","level":"national","people":[["nl","A0014","Romke de Jong"],["nl","A0015","Steven van Weyenberg"]],"cname":"Netherlands"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 20/4307: Einmalige Vermögensabgabe für Multimillionäre und Milliardäre","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Christian Görke, Gesine Lötzsch, Klaus Ernst and others)","published":"2022-11-08","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/20/043/2004307.pdf","summary":"Asks the government for a bill creating a one-off wealth levy on multimillionaires and billionaires under Article 106(1) no. 5 of the Basic Law, on the model of the Lastenausgleich.","status":"Rejected by the Bundestag on 10 November 2022 in a named vote: 36 yes, 649 no (Bundestag text archive)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["de","A0003","Christian Görke"],["de","A0024","Gesine Lötzsch"],["de","A0025","Klaus Ernst"],["de","A0034","Bernd Riexinger"],["de","A0036","Sahra Wagenknecht"],["de","A0004","Janine Wissler"],["de","A0037","Amira Mohamed Ali"],["de","A0006","Dietmar Bartsch"],["de","A0026","Susanne Ferschl"],["de","A0027","Susanne Hennig-Wellsow"],["de","A0028","Jan Korte"],["de","A0029","Caren Lay"],["de","A0030","Ralph Lenkert"],["de","A0031","Christian Leye"],["de","A0032","Thomas Lutze"],["de","A0014","Pascal Meiser"],["de","A0023","Sören Pellmann"],["de","A0033","Victor Perli"],["de","A0035","Alexander Ulrich"],["de","A0178","Ali Al-Dailami"],["de","A0061","Andrej Hunko"],["de","A0179","André Hahn"],["de","A0180","Ates Gürpinar"],["de","A0181","Clara Bünger"],["de","A0182","Cornelia Möhring"],["de","A0057","Gregor Gysi"],["de","A0183","Gökay Akbulut"],["de","A0022","Heidi Reichinnek"],["de","A0184","Ina Latendorf"],["de","A0185","Jessica Tatti"],["de","A0070","Kathrin Vogler"],["de","A0186","Martina Renner"],["de","A0041","Matthias W. Birkwald"],["de","A0055","Nicole Gohlke"],["de","A0187","Petra Pau"],["de","A0188","Petra Sitte"],["de","A0189","Stefan Seidler"],["de","A0190","Zaklin Nastić"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"report","country":"es","title":"El Impuesto Temporal de Solidaridad de las grandes fortunas y su encaje con el Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio","by":"Diego Martínez, Manuel Díaz and Carmen Marín (Fedea)","published":"2022-11","url":"https://documentos.fedea.net/pubs/ap/2022/ap2022-29.pdf","summary":"Sets out the main features of the planned solidarity tax on net wealth above EUR 3 million and analyses how it fits with the regional Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio and what it means for the finances of the autonomous communities, without assessing the tax itself.","cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fr","title":"Proposition de loi n° 359 instaurant un impôt de solidarité sur la fortune climatique","by":"Eva Sas and the Écologiste group","published":"2022-10-18","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/textes/l16b0359_proposition-loi.pdf","summary":"Restores an annual solidarity wealth tax (ISF) from EUR 1.3 million of net assets with a climate bonus-malus that raises or lowers the bill by the carbon footprint of the holdings.","status":"Registered at the Assemblée nationale on 18 October 2022 and referred to the commission des finances; the text shows no later stage (16th legislature)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fr","A0200","Eva Sas"],["fr","A0002","Bertrand Pancher"],["fr","A0012","Hubert Julien-Laferrière"],["fr","A0013","Sophia Chikirou"],["fr","A0026","Julien Bayou"],["fr","A0034","Francesca Pasquini"],["fr","A0043","Ségolène Amiot"],["fr","A0046","Rodrigo Arenas"],["fr","A0048","Christine Arrighi"],["fr","A0052","Delphine Batho"],["fr","A0057","Lisa Belluco"],["fr","A0059","Karim Ben Cheikh"],["fr","A0062","Christophe Bex"],["fr","A0081","Cyrielle Chatelain"],["fr","A0097","Alma Dufour"],["fr","A0107","Charles Fournier"],["fr","A0111","Marie-Charlotte Garin"],["fr","A0130","Jérémie Iordanoff"],["fr","A0132","Marietta Karamanli"],["fr","A0136","Julie Laernoes"],["fr","A0150","Benjamin Lucas-Lundy"],["fr","A0154","Damien Maudet"],["fr","A0173","Sébastien Peytavie"],["fr","A0176","François Piquemal"],["fr","A0178","Marie Pochon"],["fr","A0180","Dominique Potier"],["fr","A0184","Jean-Claude Raux"],["fr","A0185","Sandra Regol"],["fr","A0189","Sandrine Rousseau"],["fr","A0192","François Ruffin"],["fr","A0202","Sabrina Sebaihi"],["fr","A0208","Aurélien Taché"],["fr","A0209","Sophie Taillé-Polian"],["fr","A0214","Nicolas Thierry"],["fr","A0222","Estelle Youssouffa"],["fr","A0251","Les Écologistes"]],"cname":"France"},{"kind":"paper","country":"co","title":"Nota Macroeconómica No. 43: Los impuestos en Colombia: ¿Qué, cómo, cuánto y cuándo reformarlos?","by":"Leopoldo Fergusson and Marc Hofstetter (Universidad de los Andes)","published":"2022-10","url":"https://www.uniandes.edu.co/es/noticias/economia-y-negocios/los-impuestos-en-colombia-que-como-cuanto-y-cuando-reformarlos","summary":"Proposes a marginal wealth tax only on net worth above COP 1,000 million, at 0.5%, 1% above COP 3,000 million and 2% above COP 5,000 million, which it estimates would raise close to 1% of GDP.","people":[["co","A0059","Leopoldo Fergusson"],["co","A0060","Marc Hofstetter"]],"cname":"Colombia"},{"kind":"paper","country":"global","title":"A Harmonized Net Wealth Tax in the European Union","by":"Alexander Krenek and Margit Schratzenstaller (WIFO)","published":"2022-10","url":"https://www.wifo.ac.at/?p=70654","summary":"Journal article (Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik) simulating an annual EU net wealth tax of 1% on net wealth from 1 to 5 million euros and 1.5% above, which it estimates would raise 165 to 177 billion euros after avoidance and evasion.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"poll","country":"es","title":"A wealth tax that would apply only to people declaring assets of EUR 10 million or more (the Unidas Podemos proposal)","by":"Simple Lógica for elDiario.es","published":"2022-08-22","url":"https://www.eldiario.es/politica/70-espanoles-apoya-nuevo-impuesto-grandes-fortunas-avala-mayoria-votantes-pp_1_9258450.html","fig":"70.6%","summary":"Spain, adults with the right to vote · 1,078 people, telephone omnibus (about 74% on random mobile numbers), margin of error ±3.04","cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"report","country":"co","title":"A Proposed Wealth Tax on Colombia's 4,700+ Richest Would Raise $1 Billion","by":"Omar Ocampo (Institute for Policy Studies)","published":"2022-08-03","url":"https://inequality.org/article/colombia-wealth-tax-gustavo-petro/","summary":"Estimates that the progressive wealth tax of the incoming government, at 0.25% to 1% on wealth above USD 250,000 to 1 million, would raise about USD 1 billion from the 4,700 or so richest Colombians, and about USD 2.2 billion with added rates of 2% above USD 5 million and 3% above USD 50 million.","cname":"Colombia"},{"kind":"report","country":"gb","title":"Potential merits of introducing new wealth taxes (debate pack for the Westminster Hall debate of 14 June 2022)","by":"House of Commons Library","published":"2022-06","url":"https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cdp-2022-0105/","summary":"Library background for the debate initiated by Richard Burgon: sets out that the UK has no tax on the stock of wealth, the 2021 motion, and the Government's answer citing the Wealth Tax Commission.","cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"bill","country":"es","title":"Proposición de Ley 122/000213: Impuesto sobre la titularidad, tenencia, disponibilidad, disfrute o uso de bienes o derechos por personas con grandes fortunas","by":"Grupo Parlamentario Confederal de Unidas Podemos-En Comú Podem-Galicia en Común","published":"2022-04-22","url":"https://www.congreso.es/public_oficiales/L14/CONG/BOCG/B/BOCG-14-B-235-1.PDF","summary":"Would create a tax on the net wealth of people with large fortunes (from EUR 10 million), with an eight-bracket scale of marginal rates from 3.6% to 5% on total net wealth after debts and a EUR 1 million reduction of the base.","status":"Rechazada (the Pleno of the Congreso debated its taking into consideration and rejected it, 7 June 2022)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["es","A0007","Pablo Echenique Robba"],["es","A0059","Unidas Podemos-En Comú Podem-Galicia en Común (parliamentary group)"]],"cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fi","title":"Toimenpidealoite miljonääriveron käyttöönoton valmistelun aloittamisesta (motion to start preparing a millionaire tax; TPA 25/2022 vp)","by":"Pia Lohikoski and other Left Alliance MPs","published":"2022-03-10","url":"https://www.eduskunta.fi/fi/asiat-ja-aanestykset/valtiopaivaasiat/asiakirjat/edktunnus/EDK-2022-AK-12526","summary":"Motion asking the government to begin preparing a millionaire tax on wealth above EUR 1 million, citing Statistics Finland data on how concentrated net wealth is.","status":"Toimenpidealoite tabled 10 March 2022; the Eduskunta's processing page shows it as handled, stage 'Raukeaminen', overall decision 'Rauennut' (lapsed).","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fi","A0039","Pia Lohikoski"],["fi","A0040","Veronika Honkasalo"],["fi","A0041","Johannes Yrttiaho"],["fi","A0042","Matti Semi"],["fi","A0043","Suldaan Said Ahmed"],["fi","A0044","Katja Hänninen"],["fi","A0045","Aino-Kaisa Pekonen"],["fi","A0046","Jari Myllykoski"],["fi","A0047","Juho Kautto"],["fi","A0048","Mai Kivelä"],["fi","A0049","Jussi Saramo"],["fi","A0050","Anna Kontula"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Initiative cantonale IN 185: Pour une contribution temporaire de solidarité sur les grandes fortunes","by":"Initiative committee (Geneva)","published":"2022-03","url":"https://ge.ch/grandconseil/data/texte/IN00185.pdf","summary":"A ten-year solidarity contribution of 2.5 per mille on the part of net wealth above CHF 3 million, with higher social deductions.","status":"Refused by the Grand Conseil on 26 January 2023 (57 no, 37 yes, 2 abstentions); the principle of a counter-proposal was refused 62 to 33; put to the cantonal vote on 18 June 2023 (ballot result not read on an official page)","state":"rejected","level":"regional","people":[["ch","A0104","Jean Batou"],["ch","A0105","Pierre Eckert"],["ch","A0106","Sylvain Thévoz"]],"cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"paper","country":"be","title":"A one-off wealth tax for Belgium: Revenue potential, distributional impact, and environmental effects","by":"Arthur Apostel and Daniel W. O'Neill","published":"2022-03","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107385","summary":"Combines survey data with a Pareto model of the top tail to estimate the revenue, distributional and emissions effects of three one-off wealth tax designs for Belgium, finding the revenue larger than advocates estimated but inequality little changed.","cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"paper","country":"australia","title":"Wealth taxes and the post-COVID future of the state","by":"Jane Andrew, Max Baker, Christine Cooper and Jonathan Tweedie (Critical Perspectives on Accounting)","published":"2022-02","url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/wealth-taxes-and-the-post-covid-future-of-the-state/","summary":"Argues for a wealth tax on the super-rich, on consequentialist and non-consequentialist grounds of justice, to counter inequalities worsened by COVID-19.","people":[["australia","A0022","Jane Andrew"],["australia","A0023","Max Baker"]],"cname":"Australia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"dk","title":"Forslag til folketingsbeslutning om indførelse af en progressiv formueskat (B 70, 2021-22)","by":"Sikandar Siddique, Uffe Elbæk and Susanne Zimmer (Frie Grønne)","published":"2022-01-20","url":"https://www.ft.dk/samling/20211/beslutningsforslag/b70/index.htm","summary":"Motion that would require the government to introduce a bill for a progressive wealth tax in force from 1 January 2023, with a model for how the wealth is to be assessed.","status":"2. behandlet/forkastet (second reading, rejected 7 June 2022): 10 for (EL, FG, ALT), 86 against.","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["dk","A0005","Sikandar Siddique"],["dk","A0006","Uffe Elbæk"],["dk","A0007","Susanne Zimmer"]],"cname":"Denmark"},{"kind":"bill","country":"co","title":"Proyecto de Ley 066 de 2021 Cámara: Ley de Equidad Fiscal","by":"Victoria Sandino, Pablo Catatumbo, Aida Avella, Gustavo Petro and others","published":"2021-11-16","url":"https://normograma.com/legibus/legibus/gacetas/2021/GC_1634_2021.pdf","summary":"The positive report for first debate proposes a tax on net wealth for the years 2022 to 2025 among the bill's measures to raise revenue for equity and social wellbeing.","status":"Informe de ponencia positiva para primer debate (Gaceta del Congreso 1634, 16 November 2021)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["co","A0029","Victoria Sandino"],["co","A0035","Pablo Catatumbo"],["co","A0024","Aída Avella"],["co","A0014","Gustavo Petro"],["co","A0033","Carlos Carreño"],["co","A0039","Katherine Miranda"],["co","A0058","David Racero"],["co","A0041","Israel Zúñiga"],["co","A0031","León Fredy Muñoz"],["co","A0048","Fabián Díaz"],["co","A0036","Abel David Jaramillo"],["co","A0063","Wilmer Leal"],["co","A0064","María José Pizarro"],["co","A0065","Edwin Fabián Orduz"],["co","A0066","Inti Asprilla"]],"cname":"Colombia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"sg","title":"Adjournment Motion: Taxation for a Dynamic and Fair 21st Century Economy","by":"Jamus Lim (Workers' Party, Sengkang)","published":"2021-11-01","url":"https://sprs.parl.gov.sg/search/#/fullreport?sittingdate=01-11-2021","summary":"Proposes an annual tax of 0.5% on net wealth above S$10 million, 1% above S$50 million and 2% above S$1 billion, paid into a special-purpose foundation.","status":"Adjournment motion debated at the sitting of 1 November 2021 (Question proposed); the Second Minister for Finance replied; the Official Report records no vote on the proposal. It is a debate on the motion for the House to adjourn, not a bill, and ended with the sitting.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["sg","A0001","Jamus Lim"]],"cname":"Singapore"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ph","title":"House Bill No. 10253: An Act imposing a 'Super-Rich Tax' on individuals with net value assets exceeding one billion pesos","by":"Reps. Ferdinand Gaite, Carlos Zarate, Eufemia Cullamat, France Castro, Arlene Brosas and Sarah Jane Elago (Makabayan bloc)","published":"2021-09-20","url":"https://docs.congress.hrep.online/legisdocs/basic_18/HB10253.pdf","summary":"Proposes a yearly tax of 1% on wealth above 1 billion pesos, 2% above 2 billion and 3% above 3 billion, amending the National Internal Revenue Code.","status":"Filed 20 September 2021, Eighteenth Congress, Third Regular Session (date stamp on the House text); the Eighteenth Congress ended in June 2022","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["ph","A0020","Ferdinand Gaite"],["ph","A0021","Carlos Zarate"],["ph","A0022","Eufemia Cullamat"],["ph","A0023","France Castro"],["ph","A0024","Arlene Brosas"],["ph","A0002","Sarah Jane Elago"]],"cname":"Philippines"},{"kind":"bill","country":"gb","title":"EDM 420: Introducing a Wealth Tax","by":"Richard Burgon MP (Labour) and 42 other Members","published":"2021-09-10","url":"https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/58887","summary":"Asks the Government to introduce a wealth tax as a progressive alternative to raising taxes on work, citing the Wealth Tax Commission's December 2020 report.","status":"Early Day Motion tabled 10 September 2021 in the 2021-22 session; signed by 43 Members, no amendments","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["gb","A0001","Richard Burgon"],["gb","A0011","John McDonnell"],["gb","A0007","Jon Trickett"],["gb","A0003","Bell Ribeiro-Addy"],["gb","A0013","Apsana Begum"],["gb","A0062","Zarah Sultana"],["gb","A0014","Grahame Morris"],["gb","A0063","Tahir Ali"],["gb","A0010","Ian Lavery"],["gb","A0006","Ian Byrne"],["gb","A0035","Nadia Whittome"],["gb","A0004","Kate Osborne"],["gb","A0064","Beth Winter"],["gb","A0065","Jonathan Edwards"],["gb","A0066","Kenny MacAskill"],["gb","A0067","Paula Barker"],["gb","A0068","Claudia Webbe"],["gb","A0069","Mick Whitley"],["gb","A0070","Ian Mearns"],["gb","A0071","Caroline Lucas"],["gb","A0072","Wera Hobhouse"],["gb","A0031","Claire Hanna"],["gb","A0073","Dan Carden"],["gb","A0009","Diane Abbott"],["gb","A0074","Alan Brown"],["gb","A0046","Mary Kelly Foy"],["gb","A0005","Kim Johnson"],["gb","A0075","Philippa Whitford"],["gb","A0076","Andrew Gwynne"],["gb","A0077","Kate Hollern"],["gb","A0078","Angus Brendan MacNeil"],["gb","A0079","Jon Cruddas"],["gb","A0043","Jeremy Corbyn"],["gb","A0044","Emma Lewell"],["gb","A0081","Allan Dorans"],["gb","A0082","Tommy Sheppard"],["gb","A0083","Geraint Davies"],["gb","A0084","Carol Monaghan"],["gb","A0085","Clive Betts"],["gb","A0016","Rachael Maskell"],["gb","A0086","Lloyd Russell-Moyle"]],"cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 130/2021: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Afonso Florence, Airton Faleiro, Alencar Santana Braga, Alice Portugal, Benedita da Silva, Beto Faro and 49 other deputies","published":"2021-09-02","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2297437","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes under art. 153, VII of the Constitution, signed by about 55 deputies.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Tramitando em Conjunto\": attached to PLP 277/2008 on 28 Sep 2021, so it moves with it. Last entry 24 May 2022 (attaching PLP 74/2022 to it).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0061","Afonso Florence"],["br","A0104","Benedita da Silva"],["br","A0034","Bira do Pindaré"],["br","A0035","Camilo Capiberibe"],["br","A0036","Danilo Cabral"],["br","A0053","Erika Kokay"],["br","A0092","Fernanda Melchionna"],["br","A0071","Gleisi Hoffmann"],["br","A0094","Ivan Valente"],["br","A0020","Jandira Feghali"],["br","A0052","João Daniel"],["br","A0040","Lídice da Mata"],["br","A0062","Airton Faleiro"],["br","A0063","Alencar Santana"],["br","A0103","Alice Portugal"],["br","A0065","Beto Faro"],["br","A0066","Bohn Gass"],["br","A0067","Carlos Veras"],["br","A0105","Carlos Zarattini"],["br","A0068","Célio Moura"],["br","A0106","Daniel Almeida"],["br","A0069","Enio Verri"],["br","A0070","Frei Anastacio Ribeiro"],["br","A0044","Helder Salomão"],["br","A0107","Henrique Fontana"],["br","A0054","Jorge Solla"],["br","A0005","José Guimarães"],["br","A0055","José Ricardo"],["br","A0108","Leo de Brito"],["br","A0072","Leonardo Monteiro"],["br","A0095","Luiza Erundina"],["br","A0073","Luizianne Lins"],["br","A0096","Marcelo Freixo"],["br","A0045","Marcon"],["br","A0057","Maria do Rosário"],["br","A0075","Marília Arraes"],["br","A0109","Natália Bonavides"],["br","A0077","Nilto Tatto"],["br","A0058","Padre João"],["br","A0078","Patrus Ananias"],["br","A0079","Paulão"],["br","A0099","Paulo Guedes"],["br","A0080","Paulo Pimenta"],["br","A0006","Paulo Teixeira"],["br","A0081","Pedro Uczai"],["br","A0043","Perpétua Almeida"],["br","A0059","Professora Rosa Neide"],["br","A0046","Rejane Dias"],["br","A0060","Rogério Correia"],["br","A0110","Rubens Otoni"],["br","A0111","Talíria Petrone"],["br","A0026","Valmir Assunção"],["br","A0083","Vander Loubet"],["br","A0085","Waldenor Pereira"],["br","A0087","Zeca Dirceu"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 125/2021: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Senator Jorge Kajuru (PODE)","published":"2021-08-26","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/149579","summary":"Regulates art. 153, VII of the Constitution to institute the Tax on Large Fortunes.","status":"Senado Federal: since 9 May 2023 handled together with PLP 101/2021 (RISF art. 48 §1), awaiting a rapporteur. It continued under RISF art. 332 on 21 Dec 2022. Last entry 9 May 2023.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0115","Jorge Kajuru"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 101/2021: Extraordinary Contribution on Large Fortunes","by":"Senator Randolfe Rodrigues (Rede)","published":"2021-07-02","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/149004","summary":"Institutes an extraordinary contribution on large fortunes to ease the effects of the covid-19 pandemic.","status":"Senado Federal: since 9 May 2023 handled together with PLP 125/2021 (RISF art. 48 §1), awaiting a rapporteur. It continued under RISF art. 332 on 21 Dec 2022. Last entry 9 May 2023.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0225","Randolfe Rodrigues"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"report","country":"ua","title":"Оподаткування багатства в Україні: тест на солідарність (Wealth taxation in Ukraine: a test of solidarity)","by":"Kostiantyn Shvabii, GROWFORD Institute","published":"2021-05-24","url":"https://www.growford.org.ua/research/opodatkuvannya-bagatstva-v-ukrayini-test-na-solidarnist/","summary":"Research piece arguing that introducing a wealth tax, as a temporary post-pandemic measure, is a test of solidarity for Ukraine's richest and of capacity for its political leaders.","people":[["ua","A0001","GROWFORD Institute"]],"cname":"Ukraine"},{"kind":"poll","country":"cl","title":"Agreement with Congress approving a tax of 2.5% on the net wealth of people with US$ 22 million or more, to fund the response to the covid-19 crisis (the 'súper ricos' bill); 82.9% strongly agreed or agreed","by":"Activa Research (Pulso Ciudadano) for Activa (its own fortnightly Pulso Ciudadano tracker)","published":"2021-05","url":"https://media-front.elmostrador.cl/2021/05/Pulso_Ciudadano_ABRIL_Q2.pdf","fig":"82.9%","summary":"Chile, adults 18 and over in 166 comunas, online panel · 1,184 interviews, non-probability online panel, margin of error +/- 2.8%","cname":"Chile"},{"kind":"poll","country":"id","title":"An additional 1% annual wealth tax on individuals with net wealth exceeding IDR 140 billion (~US$10m) to help fund post-pandemic recovery","by":"Glocalities for Millionaires for Humanity in partnership with The PRAKARSA","published":"2021-04-28","url":"https://theprakarsa.org/penerapan-pajak-kekayaan-bagi-orang-superkaya-dinilai-jadi-solusi-pulihkan-ekonomi/","fig":"79%","summary":"Indonesia, representative sample of adults · 1,051 respondents","cname":"Indonesia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 19/28908: Einmalige Vermögensabgabe für Milliardäre und Multimillionäre","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Fabio De Masi, Stefan Liebich, Klaus Ernst and others)","published":"2021-04-22","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/19/289/1928908.pdf","summary":"Asks the government for a one-off wealth levy under Article 106(1) no. 5 of the Basic Law, aimed at no more than the richest 0.7% of adults and at least 300 billion euro.","status":"Motion tabled in the Bundestag (Drucksache 19/28908); the 19th Bundestag has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["de","A0038","Fabio De Masi"],["de","A0039","Stefan Liebich"],["de","A0025","Klaus Ernst"],["de","A0034","Bernd Riexinger"],["de","A0024","Gesine Lötzsch"],["de","A0036","Sahra Wagenknecht"],["de","A0040","Lorenz Gösta Beutin"],["de","A0041","Matthias W. Birkwald"],["de","A0009","Jörg Cezanne"],["de","A0026","Susanne Ferschl"],["de","A0042","Kerstin Kassner"],["de","A0028","Jan Korte"],["de","A0029","Caren Lay"],["de","A0043","Sabine Leidig"],["de","A0030","Ralph Lenkert"],["de","A0032","Thomas Lutze"],["de","A0014","Pascal Meiser"],["de","A0033","Victor Perli"],["de","A0044","Kirsten Tackmann"],["de","A0035","Alexander Ulrich"],["de","A0045","Andreas Wagner"],["de","A0046","Hubertus Zdebel"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"poll","country":"es","title":"An additional annual tax of 1% of total wealth on people who hold more than EUR 8 million, to fund the recovery from COVID-19","by":"Glocalities for Millionaires for Humanity (a group of wealthy individuals who advocate a wealth tax)","published":"2021-04-13","url":"https://www.oxfamintermon.org/es/nota-de-prensa/6-de-10-personas-a-favor-impuesto-ricos-financiar-recuperacion-covid-19","fig":"62%","summary":"Spain, adults · 1,046 respondents in Spain, online (Dynata panel), part of a 10-country survey","cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"report","country":"us","title":"Budgetary and Economic Effects of Senator Elizabeth Warren's Wealth Tax Legislation","by":"Jon Huntley and John Ricco, Penn Wharton Budget Model","published":"2021-03-15","url":"https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu/issues/2021/3/15/budgetary-effects-of-senator-warren-wealth-tax","summary":"Estimates the Ultra-Millionaire Tax Act would raise about $2.1 trillion over 2022-2031 on conventional scoring, and about $2.0 trillion once macroeconomic effects are included.","cname":"United States"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"A European wealth tax for a fair and green recovery","by":"Jakob Kapeller, Stuart Leitch and Rafael Wildauer (FEPS, Karl Renner Institut and AK Europa)","published":"2021-03-04","url":"https://feps-europe.eu/publication/788-a-european-wealth-tax-for-a-fair-and-green-recovery/","summary":"Policy study arguing for an EU net wealth tax with exemption thresholds of 1 to 2 million euros, progressive rates and a broad base, taxing only the richest 1% to 3% of households, to help pay for the Covid-19 and climate response.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"bill","country":"us","title":"Ultra-Millionaire Tax Act of 2021 (S. 510 and H.R. 1459, 117th Congress)","by":"Sen. Elizabeth Warren, Reps. Brendan Boyle and Pramila Jayapal","published":"2021-03-01","url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-117hr1459ih/html/BILLS-117hr1459ih.htm","summary":"A yearly 2% tax on net worth between $50 million and $1 billion and 3% above $1 billion (6% if a Medicare for All law is in effect), with a 40% exit tax on those who renounce citizenship.","status":"Introduced 1 March 2021 in the Senate (S. 510, Warren) and the House (H.R. 1459, Jayapal) and referred to the Finance and Ways and Means committees; no later action is recorded in the bill status data","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["us","A0001","Elizabeth Warren"],["us","A0010","Brendan Boyle"],["us","A0009","Pramila Jayapal"],["us","A0002","Bernie Sanders"],["us","A0003","Sheldon Whitehouse"],["us","A0004","Jeff Merkley"],["us","A0005","Kirsten Gillibrand"],["us","A0006","Brian Schatz"],["us","A0007","Ed Markey"],["us","A0008","Mazie Hirono"],["us","A0114","Judy Chu"],["us","A0115","Ro Khanna"],["us","A0270","Eleanor Holmes Norton"],["us","A0271","Barbara Lee"],["us","A0272","Ilhan Omar"],["us","A0273","Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez"],["us","A0274","Cori Bush"],["us","A0275","Mark Takano"],["us","A0276","Jamaal Bowman"],["us","A0277","Jan Schakowsky"],["us","A0278","Bonnie Watson Coleman"],["us","A0279","Mondaire Jones"],["us","A0280","Ayanna Pressley"],["us","A0281","Jim McGovern"],["us","A0282","Dwight E. Evans"],["us","A0283","Chuy García"],["us","A0284","Adam Smith"],["us","A0285","Rashida Tlaib"],["us","A0286","Susan Wild"],["us","A0287","Peter DeFazio"],["us","A0288","Peter Welch"],["us","A0289","Steve Cohen"],["us","A0290","Alan Lowenthal"],["us","A0291","Grace Meng"],["us","A0292","Mark DeSaulnier"],["us","A0293","Kaiali‘i Kahele"],["us","A0294","Andy Levin"],["us","A0295","Don Beyer"],["us","A0296","Matt Cartwright"],["us","A0297","Frank Pallone"],["us","A0298","Alex Padilla"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"report","country":"us","title":"Wealth Tax Revenue Estimates for the Ultra-Millionaire Tax Act of 2021","by":"Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman (letter to Senator Warren)","published":"2021-02-24","url":"https://eml.berkeley.edu/~saez/saez-zucman-wealthtax-warren-feb21.pdf","summary":"Estimates that the 2% tax above $50 million with a 1% surtax above $1 billion would reach about 100,000 families and raise about $3.0 trillion over 2023-2032 ($3.9 trillion if the billionaire surtax is 4%).","people":[["us","A0675","Emmanuel Saez"],["us","A0679","Gabriel Zucman"]],"cname":"United States"},{"kind":"report","country":"at","title":"Eine Vermögenssteuer als Antwort auf extreme Ungleichheit in Österreich","by":"Ines Heck, Jakob Kapeller and Rafael Wildauer (A&W Blog, Arbeiterkammer Wien)","published":"2021-02-15","url":"https://www.awblog.at/Verteilung/vermoegenssteuer-als-antwort-auf-extreme-ungleichheit","summary":"Models an annual wealth tax with a 1-2-3-4 tariff (1% from EUR 1 million up to 4% from EUR 1 billion) that it puts at EUR 7.7 to 11.2 billion a year on estimated data and about 4% of households, and a steeper Piketty-style schedule.","people":[["at","A0027","Jakob Kapeller"]],"cname":"Austria"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ca","title":"Motion M-68: Wealth inequality","by":"Nathaniel Erskine-Smith (Liberal), seconded by Paul Manly and Elizabeth May","published":"2021-02-11","url":"https://www.ourcommons.ca/members/en/nathaniel-erskine-smith(88687)/private-members-motions/11102201","summary":"Private member's motion asking the government to levy a one-time tax on extreme wealth to help pay for the pandemic response (3% on assets over $10 million, 5% over $20 million), alongside an inheritance tax on estates over $5 million and a fairer tax treatment of investment income.","status":"Placed on notice on 11 February 2021; the page shows no later activity. The 43rd Parliament has since ended.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["ca","A0201","Nathaniel Erskine-Smith"],["ca","A0021","Paul Manly"],["ca","A0024","Elizabeth May"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"paper","country":"za","title":"A Wealth Tax for South Africa","by":"Aroop Chatterjee, Léo Czajka and Amory Gethin (World Inequality Lab Working Paper 2021/02)","published":"2021-01","url":"https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03131182","summary":"Working paper that designs a progressive annual wealth tax for South Africa's richest and estimates, under different assumptions about evasion, that it could raise 1.5% to 3.5% of GDP.","cname":"South Africa"},{"kind":"paper","country":"cl","title":"Impuesto al patrimonio: una propuesta tributaria deficiente","by":"Hermann González, Felipe Larraín and Óscar Perelló (Estudios Públicos, CEP)","published":"2021","url":"https://estudiospublicos.cl/index.php/cep/article/view/1969","summary":"Argues that a wealth tax can drive capital out and that OECD experience shows low revenue, and that the Chilean proposal would raise far less than its promoters estimate.","cname":"Chile"},{"kind":"paper","country":"pl","title":"Czy podatek majątkowy może uzdrowić finanse publiczne i zmniejszyć nierówności majątkowe w Polsce?","by":"Marcin Wroński (Instytut Badań Strukturalnych)","published":"2021","url":"https://ibs.org.pl/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Czy-podatek-majatkowy-moze-uzdrowic-finanse-publiczne-i-zmniejszyc-nierownosci-majatkowe-w-Polsce1.pdf","summary":"IBS Policy Paper estimating that a tax on net household wealth in Poland would raise 5-9 billion zloty (0.2-0.4% of GDP) and concluding that its effect on wealth inequality would be small and its costs high.","people":[["pl","A0007","Marcin Wroński"]],"cname":"Poland"},{"kind":"paper","country":"cl","title":"Hiperfortunas y superricos: ¿por qué tiene sentido un impuesto al patrimonio?","by":"Ramón López and Gino Sturla (Revista CEPAL)","published":"2020-12-31","url":"https://www.cepal.org/es/publicaciones/46834-hiperfortunas-superricos-que-tiene-sentido-un-impuesto-al-patrimonio","summary":"Builds a model of the wealth of the richest groups, reviews international experience and the standard objections, and applies a designed net wealth tax to Chile.","people":[["cl","A0013","Ramón López"],["cl","A0014","Gino Sturla"]],"cname":"Chile"},{"kind":"bill","country":"bo","title":"Ley 1357: Impuesto a las Grandes Fortunas (IGF)","by":"Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional","published":"2020-12-28","url":"https://www.lexivox.org/norms/BO-L-N1357.xhtml","summary":"Creates a national tax on the net fortune of individuals above Bs 30,000,000 at 31 December each year, at 1.4% up to Bs 40 million, 1.9% up to Bs 50 million and 2.4% above (art. 5 and 9). Regulated by Decreto Supremo 4436 of 30 December 2020.","status":"In force: the Chamber of Deputies' planning committee rejected the bill to repeal it on 10 February 2026 and the plenary approved only the repeal of the financial transactions tax; the tax authority extended the 2025 filing deadline on 24 March 2026. No later vote or repeal found; the government said it would insist (Oxígeno, 11 Feb 2026).","state":"in_force","level":"national","people":[["bo","A0003","Luis Arce"],["bo","A0007","Marcelo Montenegro"]],"cname":"Bolivia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ar","title":"Ley 27.605: Aporte Solidario y Extraordinario para ayudar a morigerar los efectos de la pandemia","by":"Congreso de la Nación Argentina","published":"2020-12-18","url":"https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNorma/238732/20201218","summary":"Creates a one-off emergency contribution on the assets in Argentina and abroad of residents whose total assets exceed ARS 200 million, on a scale from 2% to 3.5%.","status":"Sanctioned by the Congreso on 4 December 2020; published in the Boletín Oficial on 18 December 2020","state":"in_force","level":"national","people":[["ar","A0001","Carlos Heller"],["ar","A0002","Máximo Kirchner"],["ar","A0003","Itai Hagman"],["ar","A0006","Lucía Corpacci"],["ar","A0007","Alicia Aparicio"],["ar","A0008","Fernanda Vallejos"],["ar","A0009","José Luis Gioja"],["ar","A0010","Juan Carlos Alderete"],["ar","A0011","Ariel Rauschenberger"],["ar","A0012","Elda Pértile"],["ar","A0013","Hugo Yasky"],["ar","A0014","Leonardo Grosso"],["ar","A0015","Gabriela Cerruti"],["ar","A0016","Martín Soria"],["ar","A0017","Marcelo Casaretto"],["ar","A0005","Martín Guzmán"],["ar","A0028","Concejo Deliberante de Berazategui"],["ar","A0038","Roxana Ferreyra"],["ar","A0039","Marcelo Casas"],["ar","A0040","Julieta Wallace"],["ar","A0041","Omar Chafí Félix"],["ar","A0042","Danilo Adrián Flores"],["ar","A0050","Blanca Osuna"],["ar","A0051","Carlos Mauricio Espínola"],["ar","A0052","Anabel Fernández Sagasti"],["ar","A0053","José Miguel Ángel Mayans"],["ar","A0054","María Teresa Margarita González"],["ar","A0055","José Emilio Neder"],["ar","A0056","Mariano Recalde"],["ar","A0057","Norma Amanda Abdala de Matarazzo"],["ar","A0058","Hilda Clelia Aguirre"],["ar","A0059","Walberto Enrique Allende"],["ar","A0060","Karim Augusto Alume Sbodio"],["ar","A0061","Felipe Álvarez"],["ar","A0062","María Cristina Álvarez Rodriguez"],["ar","A0063","Pablo Miguel Ansaloni"],["ar","A0064","Hector Orlando Bárbaro"],["ar","A0065","Alejandro Daniel Bermejo"],["ar","A0066","Claudia Alicia Bernazza"],["ar","A0067","Rosana Andrea Bertone"],["ar","A0068","Esteban Mateo Bogdanich"],["ar","A0069","Lisandro Bormioli"],["ar","A0070","Mara Brawer"],["ar","A0071","María Cristina Britez"],["ar","A0072","Daniel Agustín Brue"],["ar","A0073","Eduardo Bucca"],["ar","A0074","María Gabriela Burgos"],["ar","A0075","Lia Veronica Caliva"],["ar","A0076","Mabel Luisa Caparrós"],["ar","A0077","Antonio José Carambia"],["ar","A0078","Oscar Carnaghi"],["ar","A0079","Nilda Mabel Carrizo"],["ar","A0080","Pablo Carro"],["ar","A0081","Sergio Guillermo Casas"],["ar","A0082","Graciela María Caselles"],["ar","A0083","Paulo Leonardo Cassinerio"],["ar","A0084","Carlos Anibal Cisneros"],["ar","A0085","Marcos Cleri"],["ar","A0086","Luis Gustavo Contigiani"],["ar","A0087","Walter Correa"],["ar","A0088","Mayda Cresto"],["ar","A0089","Ricardo Daniel Daives"],["ar","A0090","Nelly Ramona Daldovo"],["ar","A0091","Melina Aida Delú"],["ar","A0092","Luis Di Giacomo"],["ar","A0093","Enrique Eloy Estevez"],["ar","A0094","Gabriela Beatriz Estevez"],["ar","A0095","Federico Fagioli"],["ar","A0096","Eduardo Gabriel Fernandez"],["ar","A0097","Hector Fernandez"],["ar","A0098","Gustavo Ramiro Fernandez Patri"],["ar","A0099","Alcira Elsa Figueroa"],["ar","A0100","Ana Carolina Gaillard"],["ar","A0101","Silvana Micaela Ginocchio"],["ar","A0102","Lucas Javier Godoy"],["ar","A0103","Josefina Victoria González"],["ar","A0104","Pablo Gerardo González"],["ar","A0105","Alejandro Francisco Guevara Olivera"],["ar","A0106","Carlos Mario Gutierrez"],["ar","A0107","Carlos Ramiro Gutiérrez"],["ar","A0108","Estela Beatriz Hernández"],["ar","A0109","Santiago Nicolás Igon"],["ar","A0110","Marcelo Christian Koenig"],["ar","A0111","Florencia Lampreabe"],["ar","A0112","Susana Graciela Landriscini"],["ar","A0113","Mario Leito"],["ar","A0114","Aldo Leiva"],["ar","A0115","Jimena Lopez"],["ar","A0116","Dante Edgardo López Rodríguez"],["ar","A0117","Mónica Macha"],["ar","A0118","Claudia Gabriela Marquez"],["ar","A0119","José Luis Martiarena"],["ar","A0120","Germán Pedro Martínez"],["ar","A0121","Maria Rosa Martínez"],["ar","A0122","Maria Gisela Marziotta"],["ar","A0123","María Lucila Masin"],["ar","A0124","Vanesa Laura Massetani"],["ar","A0125","Gladys Medina"],["ar","A0126","María Carolina Moisés"],["ar","A0127","María Luisa Montoto"],["ar","A0128","Flavia Morales"],["ar","A0129","Leopoldo Raúl Guido Moreau"],["ar","A0130","Juan Mosqueda"],["ar","A0131","Patricia Monica Mounier"],["ar","A0132","Juan Facundo Moyano"],["ar","A0133","Rosa Rosario Muñoz"],["ar","A0134","Graciela Navarro"],["ar","A0135","Estela Mary del Rosario Neder"],["ar","A0136","Alejandra del Huerto Obeid"],["ar","A0137","Claudia Ormachea"],["ar","A0138","Maria Graciela Parola"],["ar","A0139","Paula Andrea Penacca"],["ar","A0140","Hernán Pérez Araujo"],["ar","A0141","Carlos Ybrhain Ponce"],["ar","A0142","José Luis Ramón"],["ar","A0143","Jorge Rizzotti"],["ar","A0144","Alejandro Rodriguez"],["ar","A0145","Nicolás Marcelo Rodriguez Saa"],["ar","A0146","Jorge Antonio Romero"],["ar","A0147","Victoria Rosso"],["ar","A0148","José Arnaldo Ruiz Aragón"],["ar","A0149","Laura Russo"],["ar","A0150","Nancy Aracely Sand Giorasi"],["ar","A0151","Jorge Emilio Sarghini"],["ar","A0152","Diego Horacio Sartori"],["ar","A0153","María Liliana Schwindt"],["ar","A0154","Carlos Américo Selva"],["ar","A0155","Magdalena Sierra"],["ar","A0156","Vanesa Siley"],["ar","A0157","Ayelén Sposito"],["ar","A0158","Luis Rodolfo Tailhade"],["ar","A0159","Mirta Tundis"],["ar","A0160","Marisa Lourdes Uceda"],["ar","A0161","Romina Maricel Uhrig"],["ar","A0162","Eduardo Felix Valdés"],["ar","A0163","Juan Benedicto Vazquez"],["ar","A0164","Marcela Paola Vessvessian"],["ar","A0165","Daniela Vilar"],["ar","A0166","Carlos Alberto Vivero"],["ar","A0167","Ricardo Wellbach"],["ar","A0168","Liliana Yambrun"],["ar","A0169","Pablo Raúl Yedlin"],["ar","A0170","Ines Carolina Yutrovic"],["ar","A0171","Miguel Andrés Costas Zottos"],["ar","A0172","Carlos Alberto Caserio"],["ar","A0173","Beatriz Graciela Mirkin"],["ar","A0174","María de los Ángeles Sacnun"],["ar","A0175","Roberto Mario Mirabella"],["ar","A0176","Ana Claudia Almirón"],["ar","A0177","Daniel Aníbal Lovera"],["ar","A0178","Norma Haydée Durango"],["ar","A0179","Carlos Saúl Menem"],["ar","A0180","Nancy Susana González"],["ar","A0181","Juan Mario Pais"],["ar","A0182","Alfredo Héctor Luenzo"],["ar","A0183","Inés Imelda Blas"],["ar","A0184","Dalmacio Mera"],["ar","A0185","Jorge Enrique Taiana"],["ar","A0186","Maurice Fabián Closs"],["ar","A0187","Antonio José Rodas"],["ar","A0188","María Inés Pilatti Vergara"],["ar","A0189","Cristina del Carmen López Valverde"],["ar","A0190","José Rubén Uñac"],["ar","A0191","Claudia Ledesma Abdala de Zamora"],["ar","A0192","Gerardo Antenor Montenegro"],["ar","A0193","Adolfo Rodríguez Saá"],["ar","A0194","Alberto Edgardo Weretilneck"],["ar","A0195","Magdalena Solari Quintana"],["ar","A0196","Nora del Valle Giménez"],["ar","A0197","Sergio Napoleón Leavy"],["ar","A0198","Ana María Ianni"],["ar","A0199","Claudio Martín Doñate"],["ar","A0200","Silvina Marcela García Larraburu"],["ar","A0201","Silvia Estela Sapag"],["ar","A0202","Oscar Isidro Parrilli"],["ar","A0203","María Eugenia Duré"],["ar","A0204","Guillermo Eugenio Mario Snopek"],["ar","A0205","Edgardo Darío Kueider"],["ar","A0206","María Eugenia Catalfamo"],["ar","A0207","Alberto Fernández"],["ar","A0208","Santiago Cafiero"]],"cname":"Argentina"},{"kind":"report","country":"gb","title":"A wealth tax for the UK: final report","by":"Wealth Tax Commission (Arun Advani, Emma Chamberlain, Andy Summers)","published":"2020-12-09","url":"https://www.lse.ac.uk/asset-library/information/wealthtaxcommission-final-report.pdf","summary":"Independent commission (LSE, Warwick and a tax barrister) concluding that a one-off wealth tax is the better choice if the government wants to raise more revenue from wealth.","cname":"United Kingdom"},{"kind":"report","country":"ca","title":"Report: It's Time To Tax Extreme Wealth Inequality","by":"Toby Sanger and Erika Beauchesne (Canadians for Tax Fairness)","published":"2020-11-25","url":"https://www.taxfairness.ca/en/resources/reports/report-its-time-tax-extreme-wealth-inequality","summary":"Proposes a graduated annual wealth tax of 1% above $10 million, 2% above $100 million and 3% above $1 billion, which it estimates would raise close to $20 billion a year.","people":[["ca","A0100","Toby Sanger"],["ca","A0038","Canadians for Tax Fairness"],["ca","A0101","Erika Beauchesne"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"poll","country":"ca","title":"A 1% tax on wealth paid by people who have more than $20 million in assets","by":"Abacus Data for Abacus Data's own survey (the release names no client)","published":"2020-11-19","url":"https://abacusdata.ca/wealth-tax-canada-poll/","fig":"79%","summary":"Canada, adults · 1,660 adults, online panel","cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ca","title":"Vote 22 (43rd Parliament, 2nd Session): opposition motion for a new 1% tax on wealth over $20 million","by":"Peter Julian (NDP)","published":"2020-11-16","url":"https://www.ourcommons.ca/members/en/votes/43/2/22","summary":"Opposition motion asking the government to put in place a new one percent tax on wealth over $20 million and an excess profit tax on big corporations, and to spend the proceeds on income security, health care and housing.","status":"Negatived on 16 November 2020, 27 yeas to 292 nays (the House of Commons vote record)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ca","A0018","Peter Julian"],["ca","A0001","Charlie Angus"],["ca","A0002","Niki Ashton"],["ca","A0003","Jenica Atwin"],["ca","A0004","Taylor Bachrach"],["ca","A0005","Daniel Blaikie"],["ca","A0006","Rachel Blaney"],["ca","A0007","Alexandre Boulerice"],["ca","A0008","Richard Cannings"],["ca","A0009","Laurel Collins"],["ca","A0010","Don Davies"],["ca","A0011","Scott Duvall"],["ca","A0012","Randall Garrison"],["ca","A0013","Leah Gazan"],["ca","A0014","Matthew Green"],["ca","A0015","Jack Harris"],["ca","A0016","Carol Hughes"],["ca","A0017","Gord Johns"],["ca","A0019","Jenny Kwan"],["ca","A0020","Alistair MacGregor"],["ca","A0021","Paul Manly"],["ca","A0022","Brian Masse"],["ca","A0023","Lindsay Mathyssen"],["ca","A0024","Elizabeth May"],["ca","A0025","Heather McPherson"],["ca","A0026","Jagmeet Singh"],["ca","A0027","Marwan Tabbara"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"bill","country":"pe","title":"Proyecto de Ley 06615/2020-CR: Ley que crea el Impuesto de Solidaridad sobre la Fortuna","by":"Betto Barrionuevo Romero and other members of the Somos Perú group","published":"2020-11-05","url":"https://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/2016_2021/Proyectos_de_Ley_y_de_Resoluciones_Legislativas/PL06615-20201105.pdf","summary":"Bill to create a progressive tax on the net wealth of individuals, conjugal partnerships and intestate estates above 250 tax units (UIT).","status":"Sent to the Economy, Banking, Finance and Financial Intelligence Committee on 9 November 2020 and marked 'en comisión' on 10 November 2020; no vote found, and the 2020-2021 Congress has ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["pe","A0003","Betto Barrionuevo"],["pe","A0013","Hirma Norma Alencastre Miranda"],["pe","A0014","Guillermo Aliaga Pajares"],["pe","A0015","Luis Dioses Guzmán"],["pe","A0017","Felicita Tocto Guerrero"],["pe","A0018","Mariano Yupanqui Miñano"],["pe","A0016","Matilde Fernández Florez"]],"cname":"Peru"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ca","title":"Motion M-43: Wealth tax","by":"Peter Julian (NDP), seconded by Gord Johns and Alistair MacGregor","published":"2020-09-23","url":"https://www.ourcommons.ca/members/en/16399/private-members-motions/10866676","summary":"Private member's motion: \"the government should immediately implement a 1% wealth tax on fortunes over $20 million\".","status":"Reinstated from the previous session on 23 September 2020; the page shows no debate or vote. The 43rd Parliament has since ended.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["ca","A0018","Peter Julian"],["ca","A0017","Gord Johns"],["ca","A0020","Alistair MacGregor"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"bill","country":"co","title":"Proyecto de Ley 070 de 2020 Cámara: modifica el Decreto Ley 568 de 2020 (impuesto solidario por el COVID-19)","by":"Opposition senators and representatives led by Iván Marulanda, Aida Avella and León Fredy Muñoz","published":"2020-09-22","url":"https://www.camara.gov.co/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/proyectos-ley/publicaciones/proyecto-34324/ponencia_para_primer_debate_definitiva_pl_070_de_2020_camara_0-647c6e65.pdf","summary":"The report on the bill describes article 3 as making the wealth tax permanent, with a threshold of 84,253 UVT for individuals and 2,246,749 UVT for legal persons and top marginal rates of 4% and 6%.","status":"Report for first debate in the Comisión Tercera of the Cámara (22 September 2020) asks the commission to archive the bill","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["co","A0007","Iván Marulanda"],["co","A0024","Aída Avella"],["co","A0029","Victoria Sandino"],["co","A0035","Pablo Catatumbo"],["co","A0033","Carlos Carreño"],["co","A0039","Katherine Miranda"],["co","A0031","León Fredy Muñoz"],["co","A0023","Jorge Enrique Robledo"],["co","A0032","Jairo Cala"],["co","A0011","Roy Barreras"],["co","A0034","Sandra Ortiz"],["co","A0020","Gustavo Bolívar"],["co","A0036","Abel David Jaramillo"],["co","A0008","Iván Cepeda"],["co","A0037","Jaime Durán"],["co","A0038","Ángela María Robledo"],["co","A0016","Angélica Lozano"],["co","A0030","Alberto Castilla"],["co","A0027","Jorge Eduardo Londoño"],["co","A0012","Alexander López"],["co","A0040","César Ortiz"],["co","A0013","Wilson Arias"],["co","A0041","Israel Zúñiga"],["co","A0042","Mauricio Toro"],["co","A0021","Antonio Sanguino"],["co","A0043","Julián Gallo"],["co","A0044","Andrés Cristo"],["co","A0045","Juan Luis Castro"],["co","A0046","José Ritter López"],["co","A0015","Luis Fernando Velasco"],["co","A0047","José Aulo Polo"],["co","A0048","Fabián Díaz"],["co","A0049","Omar Restrepo"],["co","A0050","Iván Name"],["co","A0051","Juanita Goebertus"],["co","A0009","Guillermo García Realpe"],["co","A0052","Jorge Guevara"],["co","A0053","César Pachón"],["co","A0010","Temístocles Ortega"],["co","A0054","Feliciano Valencia"],["co","A0055","Jorge Gómez"]],"cname":"Colombia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 193/2020: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Áurea Carolina, David Miranda, Edmilson Rodrigues, Fernanda Melchionna, Glauber Braga, Ivan Valente and 3 other deputies","published":"2020-07-24","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2258612","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes under art. 153, VII of the Constitution (PSOL group).","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Tramitando em Conjunto\": attached to PLP 277/2008 on 7 Dec 2020, so it moves with it. Last entry 8 Dec 2020 (publication); no action of its own since.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0089","Áurea Carolina"],["br","A0090","David Miranda"],["br","A0091","Edmilson Rodrigues"],["br","A0092","Fernanda Melchionna"],["br","A0093","Glauber Braga"],["br","A0094","Ivan Valente"],["br","A0095","Luiza Erundina"],["br","A0096","Marcelo Freixo"],["br","A0097","Sâmia Bomfim"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 188/2020: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (IGF)","by":"Afonso Florence, Airton Faleiro, Alencar Santana Braga, Alexandre Padilha, Beto Faro, Bohn Gass and 36 other deputies","published":"2020-07-17","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2257936","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes provided for in art. 153, VII of the Constitution, in a bill with some 40 deputies as authors (PT group).","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Tramitando em Conjunto\": attached to PLP 277/2008 on 7 Dec 2020, so it moves with it. Last entry 8 Dec 2020 (publication); no action of its own since.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0061","Afonso Florence"],["br","A0053","Erika Kokay"],["br","A0071","Gleisi Hoffmann"],["br","A0052","João Daniel"],["br","A0045","Marcon"],["br","A0077","Nilto Tatto"],["br","A0006","Paulo Teixeira"],["br","A0081","Pedro Uczai"],["br","A0062","Airton Faleiro"],["br","A0063","Alencar Santana"],["br","A0064","Alexandre Padilha"],["br","A0065","Beto Faro"],["br","A0066","Bohn Gass"],["br","A0067","Carlos Veras"],["br","A0068","Célio Moura"],["br","A0069","Enio Verri"],["br","A0070","Frei Anastacio Ribeiro"],["br","A0044","Helder Salomão"],["br","A0054","Jorge Solla"],["br","A0005","José Guimarães"],["br","A0055","José Ricardo"],["br","A0056","Joseildo Ramos"],["br","A0072","Leonardo Monteiro"],["br","A0073","Luizianne Lins"],["br","A0074","Margarida Salomão"],["br","A0057","Maria do Rosário"],["br","A0075","Marília Arraes"],["br","A0076","Merlong Solano"],["br","A0058","Padre João"],["br","A0078","Patrus Ananias"],["br","A0079","Paulão"],["br","A0080","Paulo Pimenta"],["br","A0059","Professora Rosa Neide"],["br","A0046","Rejane Dias"],["br","A0060","Rogério Correia"],["br","A0082","Rui Falcão"],["br","A0026","Valmir Assunção"],["br","A0083","Vander Loubet"],["br","A0084","Vicentinho"],["br","A0085","Waldenor Pereira"],["br","A0086","Zé Neto"],["br","A0087","Zeca Dirceu"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"report","country":"ca","title":"Net wealth tax on Canadian resident economic families","by":"Nigel Wodrich, Parliamentary Budget Officer, at the request of Peter Julian MP","published":"2020-07-08","url":"https://www.pbo-dpb.ca/en/publications/RP-2021-017-M--net-wealth-tax-canadian-resident-economic-families--impot-patrimoine-net-familles-economiques-residant-au-canada","summary":"Official costing of an annual tax of 1% on family net wealth above $20 million: the PBO estimates 13,800 families would pay it and that it would raise $5.6 billion net in 2020-21.","people":[["ca","A0018","Peter Julian"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"report","country":"br","title":"Tributar os super-ricos para reconstruir o país (executive report)","by":"Fenafisco, Anfip, Instituto Justiça Fiscal and Auditores Fiscais pela Democracia","published":"2020-07","url":"https://www.anfip.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Tributar-os-super-ricos-para-reconstruir-o-pa%C3%ADs-DOCUMENTO-EXECUTIVO.pdf","summary":"Eight tax-law proposals that include regulating the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (rates of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%, raised for five years to 1%, 2% and 3%), which it estimates at R$ 40 billion of a total R$ 292 billion a year, falling on the richest 0.3%.","cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"report","country":"ca","title":"Multi-Millionaires and Fair Taxes: The Case for a Wealth Tax in Canada","by":"Andrew Jackson (Broadbent Institute), edited by Katrina Miller","published":"2020-06-18","url":"https://broadbentinstitute.ca/research/wealth-tax-in-canada/","summary":"Argues for an annual wealth tax to help pay for the pandemic, reviews the NDP's 2019 proposal of 1% above $20 million and the practical objections, and concludes that it is a feasible political choice.","people":[["ca","A0098","Andrew Jackson"],["ca","A0099","Broadbent Institute"]],"cname":"Canada"},{"kind":"report","country":"global","title":"Wealth Inequality and Closing the Poverty Gap in Arab Countries: The Case for a Solidarity Wealth Tax","by":"Khalid Abu-Ismail and Vladimir Hlasny, UN ESCWA","published":"2020-06-02","url":"https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3894994/files/E_ESCWA_CL2.GPID_2020_TP.9-EN.pdf","summary":"A UN ESCWA technical paper estimating that a solidarity wealth tax on the richest tenth of adults, about 1.2% a year in the middle-income Arab countries, could cover the cost of closing the poverty gap there; the least developed countries would need outside help.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"report","country":"ar","title":"¿Cuánto podría recaudar el impuesto a las grandes fortunas en América Latina?","by":"Sergio Martín Páez and Guillermo Oglietti (CELAG)","published":"2020-06-01","url":"https://www.celag.org/cuanto-podria-recaudar-el-impuesto-a-las-grandes-fortunas-en-america-latina/","summary":"Estimates that a 2.5% tax on fortunes above USD 1 million would raise USD 2.4 to 4.7 billion in Argentina (about 30,000 taxpayers) and USD 25 to 50 billion across Latin America.","cname":"Argentina"},{"kind":"report","country":"co","title":"¿Cuánto podría recaudar el impuesto a las grandes fortunas en América Latina?","by":"Sergio Martín Páez and Guillermo Oglietti (CELAG)","published":"2020-06-01","url":"https://www.celag.org/cuanto-podria-recaudar-el-impuesto-a-las-grandes-fortunas-en-america-latina/","summary":"Estimates that a 2.5% tax on fortunes above USD 1 million would raise USD 3.3 to 5.4 billion in Colombia and USD 25 to 50 billion across Latin America.","cname":"Colombia"},{"kind":"bill","country":"cl","title":"Boletín 13555-07: constitutional reform for a one-time tax on the wealth of certain individuals","by":"Deputies Gabriel Ascencio, Karol Cariola, Giorgio Jackson, Daniel Núñez, Luis Rocafull, Alexis Sepúlveda, Alejandra Sepúlveda, Raúl Soto, Camila Vallejo and Esteban Velásquez","published":"2020-06-01","url":"https://www.camara.cl/legislacion/ProyectosDeLey/tramitacion.aspx?prmID=14094","summary":"Motion to amend the Constitution to set, once only, a tax on the wealth of certain individuals to finance an emergency basic income.","status":"Approved in general on 21 April 2021 and in particular on 18 May 2021 by the Chamber of Deputies, then sent to the Senate, where the Constitution Committee received it on 18 May 2021. The Senate's tracking page (read 1 November 2026) shows no later action and no urgency.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["cl","A0003","Gabriel Ascencio"],["cl","A0004","Karol Cariola"],["cl","A0005","Giorgio Jackson"],["cl","A0006","Daniel Núñez"],["cl","A0011","Camila Vallejo"],["cl","A0009","Alejandra Sepúlveda"],["cl","A0007","Luis Rocafull"],["cl","A0008","Alexis Sepúlveda"],["cl","A0010","Raúl Soto"],["cl","A0012","Esteban Velásquez"]],"cname":"Chile"},{"kind":"bill","country":"pe","title":"Proyecto de Ley 5163/2020-CR: Ley de Impuesto a las Grandes Fortunas","by":"Rocío Silva Santisteban and Mirtha Vásquez (Frente Amplio)","published":"2020-05-12","url":"https://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/2016_2021/Proyectos_de_Ley_y_de_Resoluciones_Legislativas/PL05163-20200512.pdf","summary":"Bill to create an annual tax on the net personal wealth of resident individuals above 400 tax units (UIT), on real estate, vehicles, shares, deposits and valuables, to fund the fight against COVID-19.","status":"Received by Congress on 12 May 2020; no committee report or vote found, and the 2020-2021 Congress has ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["pe","A0001","Rocío Silva Santisteban"],["pe","A0002","Mirtha Vásquez"],["pe","A0026","Lenin Bazán"],["pe","A0027","Lenin Checco"],["pe","A0028","Carlos Enrique Fernández"],["pe","A0029","Absalón Montoya"]],"cname":"Peru"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Motion 20.3335: Eine zeitlich begrenzte solidarische Bundessteuer auf dem Vermögen","by":"Stefania Prezioso Batou (Ensemble à Gauche)","published":"2020-05-06","url":"https://ws.parlament.ch/odata.svc/Business(ID=20203335,Language='DE')","summary":"Asks the Federal Council for a draft law for a time-limited solidarity federal tax of 1% on wealth above CHF 2 million for three years from 2021, to part-finance the Covid-19 measures.","status":"Rejected by the National Council on 15 March 2022 (66 yes, 127 no)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ch","A0053","Stefania Prezioso Batou"],["ch","A0044","Sophie Michaud Gigon"],["ch","A0016","Christophe Clivaz"],["ch","A0052","Katharina Prelicz-Huber"],["ch","A0030","Barbara Gysi"],["ch","A0073","Michael Töngi"],["ch","A0078","Felix Wettstein"],["ch","A0039","Ada Marra"],["ch","A0029","Edith Graf-Litscher"],["ch","A0048","Eric Nussbaumer"],["ch","A0027","Bastien Girod"],["ch","A0047","Roger Nordmann"],["ch","A0038","Pierre-Yves Maillard"],["ch","A0012","Prisca Birrer-Heimo"],["ch","A0001","Matthias Aebischer"],["ch","A0022","Yvonne Feri"],["ch","A0028","Balthasar Glättli"],["ch","A0050","Valérie Piller Carrard"],["ch","A0062","Regula Rytz"],["ch","A0077","Cédric Wermuth"],["ch","A0066","Ursula Schneider Schüttel"],["ch","A0042","Nadine Masshardt"],["ch","A0070","Aline Trede"],["ch","A0025","Claudia Friedl"],["ch","A0046","Martina Munz"],["ch","A0005","Sibel Arslan"],["ch","A0009","Angelo Barrile"],["ch","A0083","Denis de la Reussille"],["ch","A0021","Laurence Fehlmann Rielle"],["ch","A0040","Min Li Marti"],["ch","A0043","Mattea Meyer"],["ch","A0067","Priska Seiler Graf"],["ch","A0011","Samuel Bendahan"],["ch","A0017","Brigitte Crottaz"],["ch","A0045","Fabian Molina"],["ch","A0075","Flavia Wasserfallen"],["ch","A0041","Samira Marti"],["ch","A0023","Fabien Fivaz"],["ch","A0018","Christian Dandrès"],["ch","A0026","Tamara Funiciello"],["ch","A0069","Gabriela Suter"],["ch","A0074","Nicolas Walder"],["ch","A0004","Gerhard Andrey"],["ch","A0010","Kilian Baumann"],["ch","A0031","Greta Gysin"],["ch","A0059","Franziska Roth"],["ch","A0076","Manuela Weichelt"],["ch","A0032","Baptiste Hurni"],["ch","A0036","Sandra Locher Benguerel"],["ch","A0063","Marionna Schlatter"],["ch","A0051","Léonore Porchet"],["ch","A0054","Jon Pult"],["ch","A0079","Céline Widmer"],["ch","A0006","Mustafa Atici"],["ch","A0034","Delphine Klopfenstein Broggini"],["ch","A0061","Franziska Ryser"],["ch","A0007","Christine Badertscher"],["ch","A0065","Meret Schneider"],["ch","A0020","Kurt Egger"],["ch","A0049","Isabelle Pasquier-Eichenberger"],["ch","A0055","Valentine Python"],["ch","A0068","Bruno Storni"],["ch","A0013","Florence Brenzikofer"],["ch","A0080","Sarah Wyss"],["ch","A0003","Emmanuel Amoos"],["ch","A0037","Raphaël Mahaim"]],"cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Motion 20.3203: Solidaritätsabgabe auf Milliardenvermögen zur Bekämpfung der Corona-Krise","by":"Social Democratic group (SP)","published":"2020-05-04","url":"https://ws.parlament.ch/odata.svc/Business(ID=20203203,Language='DE')","summary":"Asks the Federal Council to set up a Covid-19 fund financed by a temporary solidarity levy on wealth of CHF 1 billion and above.","status":"Rejected by the National Council on 15 March 2022 (66 yes, 126 no)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ch","A0103","Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SP)"],["ch","A0039","Ada Marra"],["ch","A0029","Edith Graf-Litscher"],["ch","A0048","Eric Nussbaumer"],["ch","A0027","Bastien Girod"],["ch","A0047","Roger Nordmann"],["ch","A0038","Pierre-Yves Maillard"],["ch","A0052","Katharina Prelicz-Huber"],["ch","A0012","Prisca Birrer-Heimo"],["ch","A0001","Matthias Aebischer"],["ch","A0022","Yvonne Feri"],["ch","A0028","Balthasar Glättli"],["ch","A0050","Valérie Piller Carrard"],["ch","A0062","Regula Rytz"],["ch","A0077","Cédric Wermuth"],["ch","A0030","Barbara Gysi"],["ch","A0066","Ursula Schneider Schüttel"],["ch","A0042","Nadine Masshardt"],["ch","A0070","Aline Trede"],["ch","A0025","Claudia Friedl"],["ch","A0046","Martina Munz"],["ch","A0005","Sibel Arslan"],["ch","A0009","Angelo Barrile"],["ch","A0083","Denis de la Reussille"],["ch","A0021","Laurence Fehlmann Rielle"],["ch","A0040","Min Li Marti"],["ch","A0043","Mattea Meyer"],["ch","A0067","Priska Seiler Graf"],["ch","A0011","Samuel Bendahan"],["ch","A0017","Brigitte Crottaz"],["ch","A0073","Michael Töngi"],["ch","A0045","Fabian Molina"],["ch","A0075","Flavia Wasserfallen"],["ch","A0041","Samira Marti"],["ch","A0023","Fabien Fivaz"],["ch","A0018","Christian Dandrès"],["ch","A0026","Tamara Funiciello"],["ch","A0053","Stefania Prezioso Batou"],["ch","A0069","Gabriela Suter"],["ch","A0074","Nicolas Walder"],["ch","A0004","Gerhard Andrey"],["ch","A0010","Kilian Baumann"],["ch","A0031","Greta Gysin"],["ch","A0059","Franziska Roth"],["ch","A0076","Manuela Weichelt"],["ch","A0032","Baptiste Hurni"],["ch","A0036","Sandra Locher Benguerel"],["ch","A0063","Marionna Schlatter"],["ch","A0016","Christophe Clivaz"],["ch","A0051","Léonore Porchet"],["ch","A0054","Jon Pult"],["ch","A0079","Céline Widmer"],["ch","A0006","Mustafa Atici"],["ch","A0034","Delphine Klopfenstein Broggini"],["ch","A0061","Franziska Ryser"],["ch","A0044","Sophie Michaud Gigon"],["ch","A0007","Christine Badertscher"],["ch","A0065","Meret Schneider"],["ch","A0078","Felix Wettstein"],["ch","A0020","Kurt Egger"],["ch","A0049","Isabelle Pasquier-Eichenberger"],["ch","A0055","Valentine Python"],["ch","A0068","Bruno Storni"],["ch","A0013","Florence Brenzikofer"],["ch","A0080","Sarah Wyss"],["ch","A0003","Emmanuel Amoos"],["ch","A0037","Raphaël Mahaim"]],"cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Motion 20.3174: Millionäre besteuern, um Gemeinwesen zu finanzieren und Arbeitsplätze zu retten","by":"Denis de la Reussille (Swiss Party of Labour)","published":"2020-05-04","url":"https://ws.parlament.ch/odata.svc/Business(ID=20203174,Language='DE')","summary":"Asks the Federal Council to introduce a Covid-19 solidarity tax on wealth over CHF 3 million and use the proceeds for workers, families and small businesses.","status":"Rejected by the National Council on 22 September 2021 (65 yes, 118 no)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ch","A0083","Denis de la Reussille"],["ch","A0044","Sophie Michaud Gigon"],["ch","A0039","Ada Marra"],["ch","A0029","Edith Graf-Litscher"],["ch","A0048","Eric Nussbaumer"],["ch","A0027","Bastien Girod"],["ch","A0047","Roger Nordmann"],["ch","A0038","Pierre-Yves Maillard"],["ch","A0052","Katharina Prelicz-Huber"],["ch","A0012","Prisca Birrer-Heimo"],["ch","A0001","Matthias Aebischer"],["ch","A0008","Jacqueline Badran"],["ch","A0022","Yvonne Feri"],["ch","A0024","Pierre-Alain Fridez"],["ch","A0028","Balthasar Glättli"],["ch","A0050","Valérie Piller Carrard"],["ch","A0062","Regula Rytz"],["ch","A0077","Cédric Wermuth"],["ch","A0030","Barbara Gysi"],["ch","A0066","Ursula Schneider Schüttel"],["ch","A0042","Nadine Masshardt"],["ch","A0070","Aline Trede"],["ch","A0025","Claudia Friedl"],["ch","A0046","Martina Munz"],["ch","A0005","Sibel Arslan"],["ch","A0009","Angelo Barrile"],["ch","A0021","Laurence Fehlmann Rielle"],["ch","A0040","Min Li Marti"],["ch","A0043","Mattea Meyer"],["ch","A0067","Priska Seiler Graf"],["ch","A0011","Samuel Bendahan"],["ch","A0035","Irène Kälin"],["ch","A0017","Brigitte Crottaz"],["ch","A0073","Michael Töngi"],["ch","A0045","Fabian Molina"],["ch","A0075","Flavia Wasserfallen"],["ch","A0041","Samira Marti"],["ch","A0023","Fabien Fivaz"],["ch","A0018","Christian Dandrès"],["ch","A0026","Tamara Funiciello"],["ch","A0053","Stefania Prezioso Batou"],["ch","A0069","Gabriela Suter"],["ch","A0074","Nicolas Walder"],["ch","A0010","Kilian Baumann"],["ch","A0031","Greta Gysin"],["ch","A0059","Franziska Roth"],["ch","A0076","Manuela Weichelt"],["ch","A0032","Baptiste Hurni"],["ch","A0036","Sandra Locher Benguerel"],["ch","A0063","Marionna Schlatter"],["ch","A0016","Christophe Clivaz"],["ch","A0051","Léonore Porchet"],["ch","A0079","Céline Widmer"],["ch","A0006","Mustafa Atici"],["ch","A0034","Delphine Klopfenstein Broggini"],["ch","A0061","Franziska Ryser"],["ch","A0007","Christine Badertscher"],["ch","A0078","Felix Wettstein"],["ch","A0020","Kurt Egger"],["ch","A0049","Isabelle Pasquier-Eichenberger"],["ch","A0055","Valentine Python"],["ch","A0068","Bruno Storni"],["ch","A0013","Florence Brenzikofer"],["ch","A0080","Sarah Wyss"],["ch","A0003","Emmanuel Amoos"]],"cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"poll","country":"br","title":"Whether large fortunes should be taxed to fight the coronavirus; 80% yes, 20% no","by":"DataSenado for DataSenado, the Federal Senate's research institute (own survey)","published":"2020-04","url":"https://www12.senado.leg.br/institucional/datasenado/arquivos/80-dos-brasileiros-apoiam-a-criacao-de-imposto-sobre-grandes-fortunas","fig":"80%","summary":"Brazil, residents aged 16 and over, telephone (automated voice) survey · 1,200 interviews, stratified probability sample, margin of error +/- 4.3%","cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"paper","country":"global","title":"A progressive European wealth tax to fund the European COVID response","by":"Camille Landais, Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman","published":"2020-04","url":"https://researchonline.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/104265","summary":"VoxEU column proposing a temporary, progressive, EU-wide tax on the net worth of the richest 1% that could repay about 10% of EU GDP in extra debt within ten years.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 50/2020: tax on large fortunes and compulsory loan for covid-19 social protection","by":"Senator Eliziane Gama (Cidadania)","published":"2020-03-26","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/141223","summary":"Institutes a tax on large fortunes and a compulsory loan to finance social protection needs arising from covid-19.","status":"Senado Federal, Economic Affairs Committee (CAE): it continued under RISF art. 332 on 21 Dec 2022, and Senator Jaques Wagner was named rapporteur on 19 Apr 2023. Last entry 19 Apr 2023; no report shown.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0224","Eliziane Gama"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 38/2020: Extraordinary Tax on Large Fortunes during the public calamity","by":"Senator Reguffe (PODE)","published":"2020-03-24","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/141181","summary":"Institutes an extraordinary tax on large fortunes for the duration of the public calamity declared for covid-19.","status":"Senado Federal: \"Arquivada ao final da legislatura\" (21 December 2022)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["br","A0223","Reguffe"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"report","country":"pl","title":"Jak multimilionerzy mogą pomóc w ratowaniu klimatu?","by":"Partia Razem","published":"2020-01-20","url":"https://partiarazem.pl/stanowiska/2020/01/20/jak-multimilionerzy-moga-pomoc-w-ratowaniu-klimatu","summary":"Party position proposing a progressive wealth tax with a 10 million zloty exemption and rates from 1% to 8%, a national wealth register and an exit tax, estimated to raise about 10 billion zloty a year.","people":[["pl","A0001","Razem"]],"cname":"Poland"},{"kind":"paper","country":"dk","title":"Wealth Taxation and Wealth Accumulation: Theory and Evidence From Denmark","by":"Katrine Jakobsen, Kristian Jakobsen, Henrik Kleven and Gabriel Zucman","published":"2019-10","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjz032","summary":"Uses Danish administrative wealth records and the sharp cut in the wealth tax from 1989 to show clear effects on reported wealth, larger for the very wealthy, and a sizable long-run elasticity of taxable wealth at the top.","cname":"Denmark"},{"kind":"paper","country":"global","title":"Progressive Wealth Taxation","by":"Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman","published":"2019-10","url":"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/progressive-wealth-taxation","summary":"Brookings Papers on Economic Activity paper on the revenue potential, enforcement and economic effects of a tax on the wealth of the richest US families, with lessons from other countries.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"bill","country":"be","title":"Wetsvoorstel tot instelling van een miljonairstaks / Proposition de loi créant une taxe sur les millionnaires (DOC 55 0397/001)","by":"Marco Van Hees, Raoul Hedebouw, Peter Mertens and Steven De Vuyst (PVDA-PTB)","published":"2019-09-18","url":"https://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/55/0397/55K0397001.pdf","summary":"Proposes an annual tax on wealth of EUR 1 million or more at 1% on the slice from EUR 1m to 2m, 2% from EUR 2m to 3m and 3% above EUR 3m.","status":"Vervallen (lapsed) in the Chamber, declared 27 May 2024; no vote listed.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["be","A0016","Marco Van Hees"],["be","A0003","Raoul Hedebouw"],["be","A0002","Peter Mertens"],["be","A0017","Steven De Vuyst"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 183/2019: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Senator Plínio Valério (PSDB)","published":"2019-08-06","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/137929","summary":"Regulates art. 153, VII of the Constitution to institute the Tax on Large Fortunes.","status":"Senado Federal, Economic Affairs Committee (CAE): the rapporteur presented a favourable report on 5 Dec 2022 and it was on the committee agenda for 7 Dec 2022; the history shows no vote. It continued under RISF art. 332 on 21 Dec 2022 and has awaited a new rapporteur since 2 Feb 2023. Last entry 2 Feb 2023.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0116","Plínio Valério"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"be","title":"Wetsvoorstel tot instelling van een belasting op de grote vermogens / Proposition de loi visant à introduire un impôt sur les grands patrimoines (DOC 55 0036/001)","by":"Ahmed Laaouej and other PS members","published":"2019-07-09","url":"https://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/55/0036/55K0036001.pdf","summary":"Proposes a wealth tax on net assets above EUR 1,250,000, leaving out goods used exclusively for an economic activity and with special rules for the family home and mortgage loans.","status":"Vervallen (lapsed) in the Chamber, declared 27 May 2024; no vote listed.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["be","A0070","Ahmed Laaouej"],["be","A0071","Patrick Prévot"],["be","A0072","Malik Ben Achour"],["be","A0024","Hugues Bayet"],["be","A0022","Frédéric Daerden"],["be","A0028","Christophe Lacroix"],["be","A0021","Sophie Thémont"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 9/2019: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Alessandro Molon, Bira do Pindaré, Camilo Capiberibe, Danilo Cabral, Elias Vaz, João H. Campos and 3 other deputies","published":"2019-02-04","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2191030","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes under art. 153, VII of the Constitution.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Tramitando em Conjunto\": attached on 3 Apr 2019 to PLP 62/2011, which is itself attached to PLP 277/2008, so it moves with that bill. A request to withdraw the bill was refused on 27 Jun 2019, and the signature of Deputy Rodrigo Coelho was withdrawn on 18 Feb 2020 (rectified 21 Feb 2020). Last entry 21 Feb 2020.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0013","Alessandro Molon"],["br","A0034","Bira do Pindaré"],["br","A0035","Camilo Capiberibe"],["br","A0036","Danilo Cabral"],["br","A0040","Lídice da Mata"],["br","A0037","Elias Vaz"],["br","A0038","João H. Campos"],["br","A0039","João Roma"],["br","A0041","Ted Conti"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"paper","country":"ie","title":"Scenarios and distributional implications of a household wealth tax in Ireland","by":"Martina Lawless and Donal Lynch (ESRI; ifo DICE Report 16(2))","published":"2018-06","url":"https://esri.ie/publications/scenarios-and-distributional-implications-of-a-household-wealth-tax-in-ireland-2","summary":"Estimates what a household wealth tax could raise in Ireland and how many households would be liable, by applying other European countries' designs and testing combinations of thresholds and asset exemptions.","cname":"Ireland"},{"kind":"paper","country":"br","title":"Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas: o recente debate internacional e a situação no Brasil (One Pager 378)","by":"Pedro Carvalho Jr. (Ipea) and Luana Passos (UFF)","published":"2018-03","url":"https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/15045/3/pt-br_OP378PT_Imposto_sobre_Grandes_Fortunas_o_recente_debate.pdf","summary":"Reviews the recent international debate on taxing large fortunes and the situation of the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas, still unregulated in Brazil since the 1988 Constitution.","cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"report","country":"eg","title":"Toward a Wealth Tax in Egypt","by":"Nader Osama, Alternative Policy Solutions (American University in Cairo)","published":"2018-01","url":"https://api-aps.aucegypt.edu/uploads/articlesAttachments/1622113668pdfEN_Wealth%20Tax_Policy_Web.pdf","summary":"Policy paper proposing a progressive comprehensive wealth tax from 1% on wealth over US$1 million to 5% over US$1 billion, estimated to raise about LE28 billion a year, with reform of the real estate tax and anti-evasion measures.","people":[["eg","A0001","Nader Osama"]],"cname":"Egypt"},{"kind":"paper","country":"global","title":"Impuestos a la Riqueza o al Patrimonio de las Personas Físicas con especial mención a América Latina y El Caribe","by":"Juan Carlos Benítez and Fernando Velayos (CIAT)","published":"2018-01","url":"https://www.ciat.org/Biblioteca/DocumentosdeTrabajo/2018/DT_01_2018_benitez_velayos.pdf","summary":"CIAT working paper on the design, efficiency and legal issues of taxes on the net wealth of individuals, with simulations of such a tax for selected Latin American countries including Peru.","cname":"Global"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 19/94: Reichtum gerechter verteilen – Vermögensteuer als Millionärsteuer wieder erheben","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Klaus Ernst, Fabio De Masi, Bernd Riexinger and others)","published":"2017-11-22","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/19/000/1900094.pdf","summary":"Asks the government for a bill that brings back the wealth tax as a millionaires' tax: 5% above 1 million euro, with a higher allowance of 5 million euro for business assets.","status":"Motion tabled in the Bundestag (Drucksache 19/94); the 19th Bundestag has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["de","A0025","Klaus Ernst"],["de","A0038","Fabio De Masi"],["de","A0034","Bernd Riexinger"],["de","A0026","Susanne Ferschl"],["de","A0047","Brigitte Freihold"],["de","A0028","Jan Korte"],["de","A0048","Jutta Krellmann"],["de","A0032","Thomas Lutze"],["de","A0014","Pascal Meiser"],["de","A0036","Sahra Wagenknecht"],["de","A0006","Dietmar Bartsch"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLS 139/2017: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Senator Vanessa Grazziotin (PCdoB)","published":"2017-05-09","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/129136","summary":"Regulates art. 153, VII of the Constitution to institute the Tax on Large Fortunes.","status":"Senado Federal: \"Arquivada ao final da legislatura\" (21 December 2018)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["br","A0117","Vanessa Grazziotin"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 19/4497: Wiederbelebung der Vermögensteuer als Teil einer gerechten Steuerpolitik","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Hessischer Landtag)","published":"2017-02-07","url":"https://starweb.hessen.de/cache/DRS/19/7/04497.pdf","summary":"Asks the state government to work for a Bundesrat initiative to bring back the wealth tax in Germany.","status":"Motion tabled in the Hessian Landtag (Drucksache 19/4497); the 19th term has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"regional","people":[["de","A0204","Die Linke Fraktion im Hessischen Landtag"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 7/845: Wiederbelebung der Vermögensteuer als Teil einer gerechten Steuerpolitik","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Landtag von Sachsen-Anhalt)","published":"2017-01-19","url":"https://padoka.landtag.sachsen-anhalt.de/files/drs/wp7/drs/d0845dan.pdf","summary":"Asks the state government to work for a Bundesrat initiative to bring back the wealth tax in Germany.","status":"Motion tabled in the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt (Drucksache 7/845); the 7th term has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"regional","people":[["de","A0203","Die Linke Fraktion im Landtag von Sachsen-Anhalt"],["de","A0325","Swen Knöchel"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"poll","country":"de","title":"Whether a wealth tax should be (re)introduced in Germany: 52% yes, 30% no, 18% don't know","by":"YouGov for YouGov (its own Omnibus)","published":"2016-11-25","url":"https://yougov.com/de-de/artikel/17069-welche-gruppen-fur-die-vermogenssteuer-sind","fig":"52%","summary":"Germany, representative sample (1,042 respondents) · 1,042 respondents","cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"se","title":"Motion 2016/17:2632: Arvs- och förmögenhetsskatt","by":"Annika Lillemets and Valter Mutt (MP)","published":"2016-10-05","url":"https://data.riksdagen.se/dokument/H4022632.html","summary":"Asks the Riksdag to support work on proposals to reintroduce an inheritance tax and, separately, a wealth tax, and to tell the government so.","status":"Committee proposal: rejected (avslag); chamber decision: rejected (avslag), handled in report 2016/17:SkU23 (the Riksdag's own record)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["se","A0028","Annika Lillemets"],["se","A0029","Valter Mutt"]],"cname":"Sweden"},{"kind":"paper","country":"jp","title":"「富裕税法」再導入論","by":"Masato Kikuya (菊谷正人), Keieishirin vol. 53 no. 2 (Hosei University)","published":"2016-07","url":"https://keieigakkai.ws.hosei.ac.jp/pdf/KeieishirinVol53No2-02.pdf","summary":"Compares the one-off 1946 property tax law with the 1950 wealth tax law and proposes reintroducing a general net wealth tax, with concrete rules on taxable persons and revaluation of property.","cname":"Japan"},{"kind":"report","country":"de","title":"Hohes Aufkommenspotential bei Wiedererhebung der Vermögensteuer (DIW Wochenbericht 4/2016)","by":"Stefan Bach and Andreas Thiemann (DIW Berlin)","published":"2016-01","url":"https://www.diw.de/de/diw_01.c.525353.de/publikationen/wochenberichte/2016_04_1/hohes_aufkommenspotential_bei_wiedererhebung_der_vermoegensteuer.html","summary":"Uses a microsimulation model to estimate that a reinstated wealth tax could raise ten to twenty billion euro a year even with high allowances, though avoidance could cut that noticeably.","cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLS 315/2015: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Senator Paulo Paim (PT)","published":"2015-05-26","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/121420","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes referred to in art. 153, VII of the Constitution.","status":"Senado Federal. Archived at the end of the legislature on 22 Dec 2022 (RISF art. 332 §1), then reactivated on 16 Mar 2023 when the Plenary approved RQS 98/2023 (Paulo Paim) and sent it back to the Economic Affairs Committee (CAE). Last entry 16 Mar 2023; no committee report shown.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0118","Paulo Paim"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"be","title":"Wetsvoorstel tot instelling van een belasting op de grote vermogens / Proposition de loi visant à introduire un impôt sur les grands patrimoines (DOC 54 0770/001)","by":"Ahmed Laaouej and other PS members","published":"2015-01-13","url":"https://www.lachambre.be/FLWB/PDF/54/0770/54K0770001.pdf","summary":"Proposes a wealth tax on net assets above EUR 1,250,000, leaving out goods used exclusively for an economic activity and with special rules for the family home and mortgage loans.","status":"Vervallen (lapsed) in the Chamber, declared 23 May 2019; Court of Audit advice 2015; no vote listed.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["be","A0070","Ahmed Laaouej"],["be","A0073","Laurette Onkelinx"],["be","A0074","Stéphane Crusnière"],["be","A0075","Alain Mathot"]],"cname":"Belgium"},{"kind":"paper","country":"pl","title":"Koncepcja globalnego podatku majątkowego","by":"Grzegorz Malinowski and Jacek Tomkiewicz","published":"2015","url":"https://www.ur.edu.pl/files/ur/import/Import/2015/10/07-Malinowski-G..pdf","summary":"Article in Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy arguing for a global progressive tax on wealth, preceded by a register of assets, to reduce wealth inequality and raise public revenue.","people":[["pl","A0030","Grzegorz Malinowski"],["pl","A0031","Jacek Tomkiewicz"]],"cname":"Poland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fi","title":"Laki varallisuusverosta (Act on a wealth tax; LA 62/2014 vp)","by":"Maria Lohela and other Finns Party MPs","published":"2014-10-24","url":"https://www.eduskunta.fi/asiat-ja-aanestykset/valtiopaivaasiat/asiakirjat/edktunnus/EDK_LA_62_2014_vp","summary":"Finns Party initiative to restore the wealth tax at 0.8% a year on taxable assets above EUR 300,000, estimating about EUR 150 million of revenue in 2015.","status":"Lakialoite tabled 24 October 2014; the Eduskunta's processing page shows the matter ended with the overall decision 'Rauennut' (lapsed) after committee stage.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fi","A0019","Maria Lohela"],["fi","A0002","Juho Eerola"],["fi","A0003","Ritva Elomaa"],["fi","A0004","Teuvo Hakkarainen"],["fi","A0007","Reijo Hongisto"],["fi","A0008","Olli Immonen"],["fi","A0009","Ari Jalonen"],["fi","A0010","Anssi Joutsenlahti"],["fi","A0011","Johanna Jurva"],["fi","A0012","Arja Juvonen"],["fi","A0013","Pietari Jääskeläinen"],["fi","A0014","Pentti Kettunen"],["fi","A0015","Kimmo Kivelä"],["fi","A0016","Osmo Kokko"],["fi","A0017","Laila Koskela"],["fi","A0018","Jari Lindström"],["fi","A0020","Anne Louhelainen"],["fi","A0021","Pirkko Mattila"],["fi","A0022","Lea Mäkipää"],["fi","A0023","Hanna Mäntylä"],["fi","A0024","Martti Mölsä"],["fi","A0025","Mika Niikko"],["fi","A0026","Jussi Niinistö"],["fi","A0027","Pentti Oinonen"],["fi","A0028","Tom Packalén"],["fi","A0078","Mika Raatikainen"],["fi","A0029","Pirkko Ruohonen-Lerner"],["fi","A0030","Vesa-Matti Saarakkala"],["fi","A0031","Timo Soini"],["fi","A0032","Ismo Soukola"],["fi","A0033","Maria Tolppanen"],["fi","A0034","Reijo Tossavainen"],["fi","A0001","Kaj Turunen"],["fi","A0035","Kauko Tuupainen"],["fi","A0036","Pertti Virtanen"],["fi","A0037","Ville Vähämäki"],["fi","A0038","Juha Väätäinen"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"paper","country":"kr","title":"순부유세 도입 시 문제점에 관한 연구 (The Study on the Introduction of the Net Wealth Tax in Korea)","by":"Young Hoon Kim, Park Sung Ook and Juneq Lee (Kyung Hee University), 회계저널 vol. 23 no. 5","published":"2014","url":"https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART001925861","summary":"Argues that a net wealth tax would bring high administration costs, constitutional doubts about valuing unrealised gains and joint assessment of spouses, and double taxation, and recommends fixing the capital gains tax first.","cname":"South Korea"},{"kind":"bill","country":"se","title":"Motion 2013/14:Sk403: Arvsskatt och förmögenhetsskatt","by":"Annika Lillemets and Valter Mutt (MP)","published":"2013-10-03","url":"https://data.riksdagen.se/dokument/H102Sk403.html","summary":"Asks the Riksdag to tell the government to appoint an inquiry to prepare the reintroduction of an inheritance tax and, separately, of the wealth tax.","status":"Committee proposal: rejected (avslag); chamber decision after a vote: rejected (avslag), handled in report 2013/14:SkU17 (the Riksdag's own record)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["se","A0028","Annika Lillemets"],["se","A0029","Valter Mutt"]],"cname":"Sweden"},{"kind":"report","country":"kr","title":"부유세와 종합부동산세: 부유세의 조세정책적 의미 (Wealth tax and the comprehensive real estate tax)","by":"Korea Institute of Public Finance (KIPF)","published":"2013-01-23","url":"https://eiec.kdi.re.kr/policy/domesticView.do?ac=0000116501","summary":"Examines proposals for a net wealth tax in Korea, the Swedish and French experience, the comprehensive real estate tax as a wealth tax, and the revenue and distribution effects of alternative designs.","cname":"South Korea"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fi","title":"Laki varallisuusverosta (Act on a wealth tax; LA 55/2012 vp)","by":"Kaj Turunen and other Finns Party MPs","published":"2012-10-12","url":"https://www.eduskunta.fi/asiat-ja-aanestykset/valtiopaivaasiat/asiakirjat/edktunnus/EDK_LA_55_2012_vp","summary":"Finns Party initiative to restore the wealth tax at 0.8% a year on taxable assets above EUR 300,000, estimating about EUR 135 million of revenue in 2013.","status":"Lakialoite tabled 12 October 2012; the Eduskunta's processing page shows the matter ended at second reading with the overall decision 'Hylätty' (rejected).","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["fi","A0001","Kaj Turunen"],["fi","A0002","Juho Eerola"],["fi","A0003","Ritva Elomaa"],["fi","A0004","Teuvo Hakkarainen"],["fi","A0005","Jussi Halla-aho"],["fi","A0006","James Hirvisaari"],["fi","A0007","Reijo Hongisto"],["fi","A0008","Olli Immonen"],["fi","A0009","Ari Jalonen"],["fi","A0010","Anssi Joutsenlahti"],["fi","A0011","Johanna Jurva"],["fi","A0012","Arja Juvonen"],["fi","A0013","Pietari Jääskeläinen"],["fi","A0014","Pentti Kettunen"],["fi","A0015","Kimmo Kivelä"],["fi","A0016","Osmo Kokko"],["fi","A0017","Laila Koskela"],["fi","A0018","Jari Lindström"],["fi","A0019","Maria Lohela"],["fi","A0020","Anne Louhelainen"],["fi","A0021","Pirkko Mattila"],["fi","A0022","Lea Mäkipää"],["fi","A0023","Hanna Mäntylä"],["fi","A0024","Martti Mölsä"],["fi","A0025","Mika Niikko"],["fi","A0026","Jussi Niinistö"],["fi","A0027","Pentti Oinonen"],["fi","A0028","Tom Packalén"],["fi","A0029","Pirkko Ruohonen-Lerner"],["fi","A0030","Vesa-Matti Saarakkala"],["fi","A0031","Timo Soini"],["fi","A0032","Ismo Soukola"],["fi","A0033","Maria Tolppanen"],["fi","A0034","Reijo Tossavainen"],["fi","A0035","Kauko Tuupainen"],["fi","A0036","Pertti Virtanen"],["fi","A0037","Ville Vähämäki"],["fi","A0038","Juha Väätäinen"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"report","country":"de","title":"Vermögensteuer: Erhebliches Aufkommenspotential trotz erwartbarer Ausweichreaktionen (DIW Wochenbericht 42/2012)","by":"Stefan Bach and Martin Beznoska (DIW Berlin)","published":"2012-10","url":"https://www.diw.de/de/diw_01.c.457076.de/publikationen/wochenberichte/2012_42_3/vermoegensteuer__erhebliches_aufkommenspotential_trotz_erwartbarer_ausweichreaktionen.html","summary":"Models a 1% wealth tax with a personal allowance of 2 million euro and finds it would still raise about 11.6 billion euro a year after avoidance responses.","cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Gesetzentwurf 17/10770: Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Erhebung einer Vermögensabgabe","by":"Fraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Lisa Paus, Kerstin Andreae, Britta Haßelmann and others)","published":"2012-09-25","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/17/107/1710770.pdf","summary":"Bill for a one-off wealth levy on the richest, modelled on the post-war Lastenausgleich, to reduce the public debt caused by the financial crisis.","status":"Roll call in the Bundestag on 27 June 2013: 66 yes, 318 no, 195 abstentions (official name list)","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["de","A0080","Lisa Paus"],["de","A0083","Britta Haßelmann"],["de","A0081","Kerstin Andreae"],["de","A0082","Thomas Gambke"],["de","A0084","Priska Hinz"],["de","A0085","Tobias Lindner"],["de","A0086","Gerhard Schick"],["de","A0087","Birgitt Bender"],["de","A0088","Ekin Deligöz"],["de","A0089","Katja Dörner"],["de","A0090","Harald Ebner"],["de","A0091","Kai Gehring"],["de","A0092","Katrin Göring-Eckardt"],["de","A0093","Bärbel Höhn"],["de","A0094","Ingrid Hönlinger"],["de","A0095","Thilo Hoppe"],["de","A0096","Uwe Kekeritz"],["de","A0097","Katja Keul"],["de","A0098","Sven-Christian Kindler"],["de","A0099","Maria Klein-Schmeink"],["de","A0100","Oliver Krischer"],["de","A0101","Agnes Krumwiede"],["de","A0102","Stephan Kühn"],["de","A0103","Markus Kurth"],["de","A0104","Beate Müller-Gemmeke"],["de","A0105","Hermann E. Ott"],["de","A0106","Brigitte Pothmer"],["de","A0107","Tabea Rößner"],["de","A0108","Claudia Roth"],["de","A0109","Manuel Sarrazin"],["de","A0110","Elisabeth Scharfenberg"],["de","A0111","Frithjof Schmidt"],["de","A0112","Ulrich Schneider"],["de","A0113","Wolfgang Strengmann-Kuhn"],["de","A0114","Daniela Wagner"],["de","A0115","Arfst Wagner"],["de","A0116","Agnieszka Brugger"],["de","A0117","Viola von Cramon-Taubadel"],["de","A0002","Bündnis 90/Die Grünen"],["de","A0215","Stefan Rebmann"],["de","A0216","Marieluise Beck"],["de","A0217","Volker Beck"],["de","A0218","Cornelia Behm"],["de","A0219","Hans-Josef Fell"],["de","A0220","Bettina Herlitzius"],["de","A0221","Anton Hofreiter"],["de","A0222","Susanne Kieckbusch"],["de","A0223","Memet Kilic"],["de","A0224","Ute Koczy"],["de","A0225","Tom Koenigs"],["de","A0226","Sylvia Kotting-Uhl"],["de","A0227","Undine Kurth"],["de","A0228","Monika Lazar"],["de","A0229","Nicole Maisch"],["de","A0230","Jerzy Montag"],["de","A0231","Kerstin Müller"],["de","A0232","Konstantin von Notz"],["de","A0233","Omid Nouripour"],["de","A0234","Friedrich Ostendorff"],["de","A0235","Krista Sager"],["de","A0236","Dorothea Steiner"],["de","A0237","Harald Terpe"],["de","A0238","Markus Tressel"],["de","A0191","Jürgen Trittin"],["de","A0239","Beate Walter-Rosenheimer"],["de","A0240","Valerie Wilms"],["de","A0241","Josef Philip Winkler"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 17/10778: Reichtum umFAIRteilen – in Deutschland und Europa","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Alexander Ulrich, Gregor Gysi, Sahra Wagenknecht and others)","published":"2012-09-25","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/17/107/1710778.pdf","summary":"Among its demands, asks the government to work at EU level for a Europe-wide coordinated wealth levy (Vermögensabgabe).","status":"Motion tabled in the Bundestag (Drucksache 17/10778); the 17th Bundestag has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["de","A0036","Sahra Wagenknecht"],["de","A0057","Gregor Gysi"],["de","A0024","Gesine Lötzsch"],["de","A0039","Stefan Liebich"],["de","A0035","Alexander Ulrich"],["de","A0049","Diether Dehm"],["de","A0050","Wolfgang Gehrcke"],["de","A0051","Christine Buchholz"],["de","A0052","Roland Claus"],["de","A0053","Sevim Dağdelen"],["de","A0054","Dagmar Enkelmann"],["de","A0055","Nicole Gohlke"],["de","A0056","Annette Groth"],["de","A0058","Heike Hänsel"],["de","A0059","Inge Höger"],["de","A0060","Barbara Höll"],["de","A0061","Andrej Hunko"],["de","A0062","Harald Koch"],["de","A0048","Jutta Krellmann"],["de","A0063","Ulla Lötzer"],["de","A0064","Ulrich Maurer"],["de","A0065","Niema Movassat"],["de","A0066","Thomas Nord"],["de","A0067","Richard Pitterle"],["de","A0068","Paul Schäfer"],["de","A0069","Michael Schlecht"],["de","A0070","Kathrin Vogler"],["de","A0071","Katrin Werner"],["de","A0079","Jan van Aken"],["de","A0073","Werner Dreibus"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 17/8792: Wer Schulden bremsen will, muss Millionäre besteuern","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Barbara Höll, Axel Troost, Sahra Wagenknecht and others)","published":"2012-02-29","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/17/087/1708792.pdf","summary":"Asks the government for a bill that brings back the wealth tax as a millionaires' tax: 5% on net wealth above 1,000,000 euro.","status":"Debated on 23 March 2012 and referred to committees (Bundestag text archive); no vote shown there. The 17th Bundestag has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["de","A0060","Barbara Höll"],["de","A0036","Sahra Wagenknecht"],["de","A0067","Richard Pitterle"],["de","A0072","Karin Binder"],["de","A0073","Werner Dreibus"],["de","A0074","Eva Bulling-Schröter"],["de","A0062","Harald Koch"],["de","A0063","Ulla Lötzer"],["de","A0075","Dorothee Menzner"],["de","A0069","Michael Schlecht"],["de","A0076","Sabine Stüber"],["de","A0077","Johanna Voß"],["de","A0057","Gregor Gysi"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 130/2012: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas","by":"Amauri Teixeira, Assis Carvalho, Cláudio Puty, Jilmar Tatto, José Guimarães, Paulo Teixeira and 3 other deputies","published":"2012-02-07","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=534163","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes provided for in art. 153, VII of the Constitution.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Tramitando em Conjunto\": attached to PLP 277/2008 on 27 Feb 2012, so it moves with it. Archived at the end of the legislature in 2015 and 2019 and reactivated on 10 Feb 2015 and 19 Feb 2019. Last entry 19 Mar 2019; no action of its own since.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0001","Amauri Teixeira"],["br","A0003","Cláudio Puty"],["br","A0004","Jilmar Tatto"],["br","A0006","Paulo Teixeira"],["br","A0008","Pepe Vargas"],["br","A0009","Ricardo Berzoini"],["br","A0005","José Guimarães"],["br","A0007","Pedro Eugênio"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLS 534/2011: taxation of large fortunes","by":"Senator Antonio Carlos Valadares (PSB)","published":"2011-08-31","url":"https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/101942","summary":"Regulates art. 153, VII of the Constitution: an annual tax on net wealth above R$ 2,500,000 held at 31 December, on Brazilian-born individuals worldwide and on foreigners resident in Brazil for assets there.","status":"Senado Federal: \"Arquivada ao final da legislatura\" (20 December 2018)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["br","A0226","Antonio Carlos Valadares"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 26/2011: institutes the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (IGF)","by":"Amauri Teixeira","published":"2011-03-11","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=494384","summary":"Institutes the Tax on Large Fortunes on fortunes above R$ 5,000,000, as the Câmara's summary states.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Tramitando em Conjunto\": attached to PLP 277/2008 on 23 Mar 2011, so it moves with it. Archived at the end of the legislature in 2015 and 2019 and reactivated on 10 Feb 2015 and 19 Feb 2019. Last entry 22 Feb 2019; no action of its own since.","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0001","Amauri Teixeira"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"poll","country":"ie","title":"Whether the Government should introduce a wealth tax on individuals with net assets (property, financial assets and luxury items) above 1 million euro who also have an annual income above 100,000 euro; 82% agreed strongly or slightly","by":"MRBI for The Community Platform (coalition of social-justice organisations)","published":"2010-11","url":"https://www.nwci.ie/download/pdf/mrbi_poll_analysis.pdf","fig":"82%","summary":"Ireland, 1,016 people questioned · 1,016 people","cname":"Ireland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fi","title":"Varallisuusverolaki (Wealth Tax Act; LA 63/2010 vp)","by":"Pietari Jääskeläinen and four other Finns Party MPs","published":"2010-09-17","url":"https://www.eduskunta.fi/asiat-ja-aanestykset/valtiopaivaasiat/asiakirjat/edktunnus/EDK_LA_63_2010_vp","summary":"Finns Party initiative with a full draft Wealth Tax Act to restore the tax from 1 January 2011, estimating about EUR 150 million a year to fund basic social security.","status":"Lakialoite tabled 17 September 2010; the Eduskunta's processing page shows the matter ended with the overall decision 'Rauennut' (lapsed) after committee stage.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fi","A0013","Pietari Jääskeläinen"],["fi","A0036","Pertti Virtanen"],["fi","A0027","Pentti Oinonen"],["fi","A0029","Pirkko Ruohonen-Lerner"],["fi","A0076","Raimo Vistbacka"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"de","title":"Antrag 17/2944: Auswege aus der Krise: Steuerpolitische Gerechtigkeit und Handlungsfähigkeit des Staates wiederherstellen","by":"Fraktion Die Linke (Barbara Höll, Axel Troost, Sahra Wagenknecht and others)","published":"2010-09-14","url":"https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/17/029/1702944.pdf","summary":"Among its demands, asks the government to bring back the wealth tax as a millionaires' tax, at 5% of net wealth above an allowance of 1,000,000 euro.","status":"Motion tabled in the Bundestag (Drucksache 17/2944); the 17th Bundestag has since ended","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["de","A0060","Barbara Höll"],["de","A0036","Sahra Wagenknecht"],["de","A0067","Richard Pitterle"],["de","A0074","Eva Bulling-Schröter"],["de","A0062","Harald Koch"],["de","A0030","Ralph Lenkert"],["de","A0063","Ulla Lötzer"],["de","A0075","Dorothee Menzner"],["de","A0069","Michael Schlecht"],["de","A0076","Sabine Stüber"]],"cname":"Germany"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ro","title":"Propunere legislativă pentru instituirea impozitului anual asupra averii (L361/2010)","by":"Mugurel Surupăceanu (PSD)","published":"2010-03-16","url":"https://www.senat.ro/Legis/Lista.aspx?cod=14973","summary":"Legislative proposal to introduce an annual tax on wealth, tabled by a PSD deputy.","status":"Rejected by the Senate on 11 October 2010 (13 for, 56 against, 20 abstentions) and finally by the Chamber of Deputies on 5 March 2013 (254 to reject, 28 against, 6 abstentions), as the Senate register shows","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["ro","A0010","Mugurel Surupăceanu"]],"cname":"Romania"},{"kind":"bill","country":"se","title":"Motion 2009/10:Sk342: Förmögenhetsskatt","by":"Ameer Sachet (S)","published":"2009-10-01","url":"https://data.riksdagen.se/dokument/GX02Sk342.html","summary":"Private motion asking the Riksdag to tell the government that a wealth tax should be re-established, and that the general duty to report assets and debts should be reinstated.","status":"Committee proposal: rejected (avslag); chamber decision: rejected (avslag), handled in report 2009/10:SkU27 (the Riksdag's own record)","state":"rejected","level":"national","cname":"Sweden"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Loi sur l'imposition des personnes physiques (LIPP, D 3 08), art. 46 ss: impôt sur la fortune (Geneva)","by":"Grand Conseil de la République et canton de Genève","published":"2009-09-27","url":"https://silgeneve.ch/legis/program/books/rsg/htm/rsg_d3_08.htm","summary":"The Geneva wealth tax: \"L'impôt sur la fortune a pour objet l'ensemble de la fortune nette après déductions sociales\" (art. 46). Art. 59 sets a progressive tariff in brackets, with a second, supplementary scale on top.","status":"Consolidated text on the canton's legislation site: in force since 1 January 2010, text as amended to 1 January 2026","state":"in_force","level":"regional","cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fi","title":"Varallisuusverolaki (Wealth Tax Act; LA 84/2009 vp)","by":"Pietari Jääskeläinen and three other Finns Party MPs","published":"2009-09-25","url":"https://www.eduskunta.fi/asiat-ja-aanestykset/valtiopaivaasiat/asiakirjat/edktunnus/EDK_LA_84_2009_vp","summary":"Finns Party initiative to reinstate the wealth tax abolished from 2006, estimating about EUR 150 million a year to fund basic social security.","status":"Lakialoite tabled 25 September 2009; the Eduskunta's processing page shows the matter ended with the overall decision 'Rauennut' (lapsed) after committee stage.","state":"lapsed","level":"national","people":[["fi","A0013","Pietari Jääskeläinen"],["fi","A0076","Raimo Vistbacka"],["fi","A0029","Pirkko Ruohonen-Lerner"],["fi","A0036","Pertti Virtanen"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"br","title":"PLP 277/2008: regulates the Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas (art. 153, VII of the Constitution)","by":"Chico Alencar, Ivan Valente, Luciana Genro","published":"2008-03-26","url":"https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=388149","summary":"The oldest of the Tax on Large Fortunes bills before the Câmara, to which later ones are attached.","status":"Câmara dos Deputados, situation \"Pronta para Pauta\". The main bill of a group: later Tax on Large Fortunes bills are attached to it. Archived at the end of the legislature in 2011, 2015 and 2019 and reactivated each time at a deputy's request (14 Mar 2011, 10 Feb 2015, 19 Feb 2019); the history shows no archiving in 2023. Requests to put it on the Plenary agenda on 30 May 2019 and 9 Jun 2020; the history shows no vote. Last entry 2 Jun 2023 (attaching PLP 69/2023).","state":"pending","level":"national","people":[["br","A0016","Chico Alencar"],["br","A0094","Ivan Valente"],["br","A0249","Luciana Genro"],["br","A0267","Rodrigo Vieira de Ávila"]],"cname":"Brazil"},{"kind":"bill","country":"fi","title":"Varallisuusverolaki ja laki tuloverolain ja eräiden muiden verolakien muuttamisesta (Wealth Tax Act and amendment of the Income Tax Act; LA 81/2006 vp)","by":"Kari Uotila and six other Left Alliance MPs","published":"2006-09-27","url":"https://www.eduskunta.fi/asiat-ja-aanestykset/valtiopaivaasiat/asiakirjat/edktunnus/EDK_LA_81_2006_vp","summary":"Left Alliance initiative to bring back the repealed Wealth Tax Act with the scale of the 2004 tax year, alongside a social income deduction for benefit recipients, as part of its 2007 budget alternative.","status":"Lakialoite tabled 27 September 2006; the Eduskunta's processing page shows the matter ended at second reading with the overall decision 'Hylätty' (rejected).","state":"rejected","level":"national","people":[["fi","A0072","Kari Uotila"],["fi","A0074","Minna Sirnö"],["fi","A0073","Mikko Kuoppa"]],"cname":"Finland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"no","title":"Skatteloven (lov 26. mars 1999 nr. 14), kapittel 4 Formue, § 4-1 Hovedregel om formue","by":"Stortinget","published":"1999-03-26","url":"https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1999-03-26-14/KAPITTEL_4-1#%C2%A74-1","summary":"Defines taxable net wealth: the market value on 1 January of the assessment year of the taxpayer's assets with economic value, less the debts the taxpayer is liable for. The annual rates are set in the Storting's tax decision.","status":"Consolidated text on Lovdata; chapter 4 Formue runs from § 4-1 to § 4-55","state":"in_force","level":"national","cname":"Norway"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ar","title":"Ley 23.966, Título VI: Impuesto sobre los Bienes Personales (texto ordenado 1997)","by":"Congreso de la Nación; texto ordenado by Decreto 281/1997","published":"1997-03-26","url":"https://biblioteca.afip.gob.ar/dcp/TOR_C_023966_1997_03_26","summary":"The annual tax on personal assets held at 31 December, in the country and abroad: owed by residents on both and by people living abroad on assets in Argentina (arts. 16 and 17). Ley 27.541 (art. 31) sets the 0.50% rate of art. 26 for 2019 onwards.","status":"AFIP's legal library lists it as in force; the page notes that Ley 27.432 extended Título VI to 31 December 2022 and that later laws changed it (not read here)","state":"in_force","level":"national","cname":"Argentina"},{"kind":"bill","country":"es","title":"Ley 19/1991, de 6 de junio, del Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio","by":"Cortes Generales","published":"1991-06-06","url":"https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1991-14392","summary":"The Spanish net wealth tax: a direct, personal tax on the net wealth of individuals (art. 1), owed by residents on their worldwide net wealth and by non-residents on assets in Spain (art. 5).","status":"Consolidated BOE text, last updated 28 December 2023 (the BOE page says it has no legal value); in force from 1 January 1992","state":"in_force","level":"national","cname":"Spain"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ch","title":"Bundesgesetz über die Harmonisierung der direkten Steuern der Kantone und Gemeinden (StHG), Art. 13 und 14: Vermögenssteuer","by":"Bundesversammlung (SR 642.14)","published":"1990-12-14","url":"https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1991/1256_1256_1256/de","summary":"The federal framework for the cantonal wealth taxes: \"Der Vermögenssteuer unterliegt das gesamte Reinvermögen\" (Art. 13), valued at market value (Art. 14). The cantons set the tariffs, rates and allowances.","status":"Consolidated text on Fedlex (Art. 13 and 14 as shown there); Switzerland has no federal wealth tax, the tax is levied by every canton","state":"in_force","level":"national","cname":"Switzerland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"ie","title":"Wealth Tax Act, 1975 (Number 25 of 1975)","by":"Oireachtas","published":"1975-08-16","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1975/act/25/enacted/en/html","summary":"Charges a wealth tax each year at one per cent of the net market value of the taxable wealth of individuals, discretionary trusts and private non-trading companies, from 5 April 1975.","status":"Enacted 16 August 1975; section 38 of the Finance Act, 1978 stops the charge for any valuation date on or after 5 April 1978","state":"lapsed","level":"national","cname":"Ireland"},{"kind":"bill","country":"jp","title":"富裕税法 (Wealth Tax Act, Law No. 174 of 1950)","by":"The Diet of Japan, after the 1949 Shoup recommendations","published":"1950-05-11","url":"https://jahis.law.nagoya-u.ac.jp/lawdb/l/325a0174/compare/325a0174en","summary":"Japan's only permanent net wealth tax: a yearly progressive tax on net worth over ¥5 million at 0.5%, rising to 1% above ¥10 million, 2% above ¥20 million and 3% above ¥50 million.","status":"Promulgated 11 May 1950; repealed with effect from 1 August 1953 by Law No. 164 of 1953 (Nagoya University law database)","state":"lapsed","level":"national","cname":"Japan"}],"all_countries":["Afghanistan","Albania","Algeria","American Samoa","Andorra","Angola","Anguilla","Antarctica","Antigua and Barb.","Argentina","Armenia","Aruba","Australia","Austria","Azerbaijan","Bahamas","Bahrain","Bangladesh","Barbados","Belarus","Belgium","Belize","Benin","Bermuda","Bhutan","Bolivia","Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba","Bosnia and Herz.","Botswana","Bouvet Island","Brazil","British Indian Ocean Territory","Brunei","Bulgaria","Burkina Faso","Burundi","Cabo Verde","Cambodia","Cameroon","Canada","Cayman Islands","Central African Rep.","Chad","Chile","China","Christmas Island","Cocos (Keeling) Islands","Colombia","Comoros","Congo","Cook Is.","Costa Rica","Croatia","Cuba","Curaçao","Cyprus","Czechia","Côte d'Ivoire","Dem. 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