{"meta":{"slug":"eg","iso2":"EG","name":"Egypt","status":"in progress","lead":"Codex","notes":"Depth: seed. National layer started with a directly attributable AUC Alternative Policy Solutions paper proposing a comprehensive progressive wealth tax. Egypt has no current general net-wealth tax. Arabic and English searches began; parliamentary, party, civil-society, trade-union and governorate layers remain unswept. The geography register contains 27 governorates (ISO 3166-2 codes; names checked against geoBoundaries' ODbL OpenStreetMap catalogue) as the initial local reporting tier. No boundary map has yet been added.","supporters":17,"evidence":18,"A":7,"B":10,"C":0,"units":27,"units_done":0,"units_with_supporters":2,"updated":"2026-10-27","excluded":7,"polls":[],"map_source":"","map_licence":["",""],"chambers":[["House of Representatives",596,0],["Senate of Egypt",300,0]],"featured":[],"types":{"economist":6,"politician":4,"business_leader":3,"ngo_campaign":1,"journalist":1,"think_tank":1,"campaigner":1},"designs":{"one_off_levy":8,"wealth_tax_unspecified":5,"annual_net_wealth":3,"partial_wealth":1},"numeric":"818"},"P":[["A0001","Nader Osama","person","economist","Economic researcher","Alternative Policy Solutions","national","Egypt","A",1,"2018-01","2018-01",["annual_net_wealth"],"Author of the January 2018 Alternative Policy Solutions policy paper proposing a comprehensive progressive wealth tax in Egypt.","https://aps.aucegypt.edu","",[],[["website","https://aps.aucegypt.edu"]],""],["A0002","Oxfam International","organisation","ngo_campaign","International anti-poverty confederation","","supranational","Egypt","B",1,"2023-10-05","2023-10-05",["annual_net_wealth"],"Published an Egypt-focused MENA briefing that recommends permanent progressive taxes on net wealth.","https://www.oxfam.org","",[],[["website","https://www.oxfam.org"],["x","https://x.com/oxfamgb"],["instagram","https://www.instagram.com/oxfaminternational/"],["facebook","https://www.facebook.com/oxfamGB"],["youtube","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCP19oUtmzamYAOTuOpTfThg"],["wikipedia","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxfam"]],"Q267941"],["A0008","Hassan Heikal","person","business_leader","Former Chief Executive","EFG Hermes","national","Egypt","A",2,"2011-11-22","2013-08-31",["one_off_levy"],"Egyptian business leader who proposed the 2011 one-off global 'Tahrir Square tax' on large net worths.","https://www.efghldg.com","",[],[["website","https://www.efghldg.com"]],""],["A0009","Thomas Piketty","person","economist","Economist and author","Paris School of Economics","supranational","Egypt","B",1,"2016-06-02","2016-06-02",["wealth_tax_unspecified"],"Advocated a progressive wealth tax in public lectures in Cairo in June 2016.","https://piketty.pse.ens.fr","",[],[["website","https://piketty.pse.ens.fr"],["x","https://x.com/PikettyLeMonde"],["facebook","https://www.facebook.com/thomaspikettyofficiel"],["wikipedia","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Piketty"]],"Q984448"],["A0010","Mohamed Saad Abdel Hafiz","person","journalist","Journalist and opinion writer","Mada Masr","national","Egypt","A",1,"2020-04-12","2020-04-12",["one_off_levy"],"Authored a 2020 Mada Masr opinion article urging Egypt's authorities and parliament to enact a wealth tax.","https://www.madamasr.com","",[],[["website","https://www.madamasr.com"]],""],["A0011","Hani Tawfik","person","economist","Economist and investment expert","","national","Egypt","A",1,"2026-07-26","2026-07-26",["annual_net_wealth"],"Proposed a 2026 Egyptian wealth-tax threshold of EGP 10 million and a rate of 2.5–3%.","","",[],[],""],["A0012","Hassan El-Sady","person","economist","Professor of finance","Faculty of Commerce, Cairo University","national","Egypt","B",1,"2026-07-26","2026-07-26",["wealth_tax_unspecified"],"In a 2026 interview, called for higher taxes on large fortunes as an alternative revenue source.","","",[],[],""],["A0013","Kamal Ahmed","person","politician","Former Member of Parliament","People's Assembly / House of Representatives","national","Egypt > Alexandria Governorate","B",1,"2018-06-03","2018-06-03",["wealth_tax_unspecified"],"An Alexandria parliamentarian (Attarin district, elected as an independent in 2015) who, in the 2018 budget debate, proposed preparing a wealth-tax bill, as in France.","","Independent",[],[],""],["A0014","Ali Abdel Aal","person","politician","Former Speaker","House of Representatives","national","Egypt","B",1,"2018-06-03","2018-06-03",["one_off_levy"],"As Speaker in 2018, asked the finance minister to record the case for applying a wealth tax even once. Elected in 2015 on the For the Love of Egypt coalition list and a member of the Support Egypt bloc, not of a single party.","","Independent",[],[["wikipedia","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Abdel_Aal"]],"Q22688906"],["A0015","Mostafa Abu Zeid","person","politician","Former Deputy Chair of the Health Affairs Committee","House of Representatives","national","Egypt","A",1,"2017-12-11","2017-12-11",["one_off_levy"],"In 2017, as deputy chair of the Health Affairs Committee (listed for the National Movement in the committee line-up of 3 October 2017), proposed a one-off 1% levy on individuals' total wealth to help fund universal health insurance.","","Egyptian National Movement",[],[],""],["A0016","Mostafa Ragheb","person","politician","Former Member of Parliament","House of Representatives","national","Egypt > Gharbiyya Governorate","B",1,"2016-07-24","2016-07-24",["one_off_levy"],"Called in 2016 for Parliament to study a one-off wealth-tax proposal.","","Egyptian National Movement",[],[],""],["A0017","National Planning Institute","institution","think_tank","Public research institute","","national","Egypt","A",1,"2017-04-18","2017-04-18",["one_off_levy"],"Its 2017 study recommended a one-off tax on net wealth to help repay public debt.","","",[],[],""],["A0018","Negad El Borai","person","campaigner","Human-rights lawyer","","national","Egypt","B",1,"2020-05-28","2020-05-28",["one_off_levy"],"In a 2020 post reported by Masr360, proposed a one-off 5% levy on bank-account balances above EGP 1 million to respond to the COVID-19 emergency.","","",[],[],""],["A0019","Gouda Abdel Khalek","person","economist","Former Minister of Social Solidarity","","national","Egypt","B",1,"2020-05-28","2020-05-28",["wealth_tax_unspecified"],"Former minister and economist who described a net-wealth tax as a good idea that should be implemented in Egypt.","","",[],[],""],["A0020","Khaled Abuheif","person","business_leader","Managing Director","Arab Forum for Financial Investments","national","Egypt","B",1,"2020-05-28","2020-05-28",["one_off_levy"],"Investment executive who endorsed a wealth tax provided it is limited to one application in a lifetime.","","",[],[],""],["A0021","Wael Nahhas","person","economist","Economist","","national","Egypt","B",1,"2020-05-28","2020-05-28",["wealth_tax_unspecified"],"Economist who said Egypt's tax system should include a substantial wealth-tax component.","","",[],[],""],["A0022","Samih Sawiris","person","business_leader","Businessman and engineer","","national","Egypt","A",1,"2019-12-08","2019-12-08",["partial_wealth"],"At a 2019 RiseUp conference, proposed a 5% tax on bank-account balances above EGP 1 million and directing its proceeds to public-service projects.","","",["wealthy_individual"],[],""]],"E":[["A0001","2018-01","A","publication","annual_net_wealth","Progressive comprehensive wealth tax: 1% above US$1m in wealth, rising to 5% above US$1bn.","This paper presents a framework for imposing a progressive comprehensive wealth tax in Egypt","https://api-aps.aucegypt.edu/uploads/articlesAttachments/1622113668pdfEN_Wealth%20Tax_Policy_Web.pdf","Toward a Wealth Tax in Egypt","Alternative Policy Solutions","","E00001"],["A0002","2023-10-05","B","report","annual_net_wealth","Permanent progressive wealth taxes, including at least 2% on net wealth; the report analyses Egypt.","Impose permanent progressive taxes on wealth, with at least a permanent 2% tax on net wealth.","https://www.oxfamfrance.org/app/uploads/2023/10/Oxfam_The-Middle-East-and-North-Africa-gap_report-051023.pdf","The Middle East and North Africa Gap: Prosperity for the rich, austerity for the rest","Oxfam International","","E00002"],["A0008","2011-11-22","A","op_ed","one_off_levy","One-off global wealth tax of 10–20% on individuals with net worth above US$10m.","He proposes a one-off global wealth tax of 10 to 20 per cent for individuals with a net worth in excess of $10m.","https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/3/12/27292/Business/Economy/Egyptian-businessman-proposes-global-wealth-tax.aspx","Egyptian businessman proposes global wealth tax","Ahram Online","","E00008"],["A0009","2016-06-02","B","speech","wealth_tax_unspecified","Progressive wealth tax advocated in Cairo lectures on the Middle East and Egypt.","He called for a more transparent tax system, political integration, and a progressive wealth tax.","https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/18/219217/Books/Thomas-Piketty-The-Middle-East-is-the-most-unequal.aspx","Thomas Piketty: The Middle East is the most unequal region; global progressive tax is necessary","Ahram Online","","E00009"],["A0010","2020-04-12","A","op_ed","one_off_levy","One-off or progressive wealth tax of 10–25% on wealthy Egyptians, with fortunes above US$10m discussed.","أن تشرع السلطة وبرلمانها في إقرار ضريبة الثروة","https://www.madamasr.com/2020/04/12/opinion/u/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%82%D8%AA-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%BA%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1/","حان وقت فرض ضرائب الثروة على الأغنياء","Mada Masr","","E00010"],["A0011","2026-07-26","A","interview","annual_net_wealth","Annual wealth tax in Egypt: 2.5–3%, beginning at EGP 10m in wealth.","النسبة المناسبة لضريبة الثروة في مصر يمكن أن تتراوح بين 2.5% و3%","https://www.masrawy.com/news/news_economy/details/2026/7/26/3023406/","لماذا لا تفرض مصر ضريبة على الأثرياء والثروة؟ خبراء يختلفون حول المكاسب والمخاطر","Masrawy","","E00011"],["A0012","2026-07-26","B","interview","wealth_tax_unspecified","Higher taxes on large fortunes as an Egyptian revenue measure.","فرض ضرائب أعلى على الثروات الكبيرة","https://www.masrawy.com/news/news_economy/details/2026/7/26/3023406/","لماذا لا تفرض مصر ضريبة على الأثرياء والثروة؟ خبراء يختلفون حول المكاسب والمخاطر","Masrawy","","E00012"],["A0013","2018-06-03","B","speech","wealth_tax_unspecified","Called for preparation of an Egyptian wealth-tax bill.","بضرورة تشريع قانون بشأن ضريبة لـ\"الثروة\" كما في دول خارجية مثل فرنسا","https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/1965815.aspx","رئيس البرلمان لوزير المالية: تفعيل ضريبة الثروة ضرورة لتحقيق العدالة الاجتماعية","Al-Ahram Gate","","E00013"],["A0014","2018-06-03","B","speech","one_off_levy","Called for applying a one-off wealth tax.","تطبيق ضريبة الثروة ولو لمرة واحدة","https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/1965815.aspx","رئيس البرلمان لوزير المالية: تفعيل ضريبة الثروة ضرورة لتحقيق العدالة الاجتماعية","Al-Ahram Gate","","E00014"],["A0015","2017-12-11","A","statement","one_off_levy","One-off 1% levy on individuals' total wealth for universal health insurance.","فرض ضريبة على الثروة \"رأس المال\" بقيمة 1% من إجمالى الثروة المملوكة للأشخاص","https://www.youm7.com/story/2017/12/11/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8-%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AD-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9-1-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A5%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD/3549579","نائب يقترح فرض ضريبة 1% على إجمالى ثروة الأفراد لصالح مشروع التأمين الصحى","Youm7","","E00015"],["A0016","2016-07-24","B","statement","one_off_levy","Called for Parliament to study a one-off wealth-tax proposal.","طالب النائب، بضرورة عمل البرلمان على دراسة مقترح فرض ضريبة على الثروة والتى دفع لمرة واحدة","https://www.parlmany.com/News/12/107919/%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%84-%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%86-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86","لا حياة لمن تنادى.. نائب الغربية: \"بنوصل صوت المواطن للمسئولين دون تنفيذ أى مطالب\"","Parlmany","","E00016"],["A0017","2017-04-18","A","report","one_off_levy","One-off tax on net wealth to repay part of Egypt's public debt.","واقترحت الدراسة فرض ضريبة على صافى الثروة لمرة واحدة تخصص لسداد جزء من الدين العام","https://www.elbalad.news/2722093","دراسة للتخطيط القومى تقترح فرض ضريبة الثروة لمرة واحدة تخصص لسداد الدين العام","El Balad","","E00017"],["A0008","2013-08-31","A","op_ed","one_off_levy","One-off Egyptian wealth tax above US$10m in net wealth; author also proposed a recurring 2–3% version.","إن تطبيق ضريبة ثروة لمرة واحدة لمن يتعدى ثروته 10 ملايين دولار","https://www.alborsaanews.com/2013/08/31/463782","حسن هيكل يكتب: الأغنياء.. و«وطنية ما قبل المحفظة»","Al Borsa","","E00018"],["A0018","2020-05-28","B","social_post","one_off_levy","One-off 5% levy on bank-account balances above EGP 1m for the COVID-19 emergency.","بأن تكون الضريبة ٥٪ مرة واحدة علي الحسابات التي تزيد علي مليون جنيه فقط","https://masr360.net/2020/05/28/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8F%D8%AD-%D9%81/","ضريبة الثروة ترعب الأثرياء.. هل تصلح في مصر؟","Masr360","","E00019"],["A0019","2020-05-28","B","interview","wealth_tax_unspecified","Supports implementing a net-wealth tax in Egypt.","الفكرة جيدة ولابد من تطبيقها رغم اصطدامها بصعوبات فى البداية","https://masr360.net/2020/05/28/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8F%D8%AD-%D9%81/","ضريبة الثروة ترعب الأثرياء.. هل تصلح في مصر؟","Masr360","","E00020"],["A0020","2020-05-28","B","interview","one_off_levy","Supports a wealth tax if imposed only once in a lifetime.","ضريبة الثروة فكرة جيدة فى حد ذاتها، فى حال ضمان تطبيقها مرة واحدة فى العمر","https://masr360.net/2020/05/28/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8F%D8%AD-%D9%81/","ضريبة الثروة ترعب الأثرياء.. هل تصلح في مصر؟","Masr360","","E00021"],["A0021","2020-05-28","B","interview","wealth_tax_unspecified","Says Egypt's tax system should include a substantial wealth-tax component.","النظام الضريبي يجب أن يشمل جزءا كبيرا من الضريبة على الثروة","https://masr360.net/2020/05/28/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8F%D8%AD-%D9%81/","ضريبة الثروة ترعب الأثرياء.. هل تصلح في مصر؟","Masr360","","E00022"],["A0022","2019-12-08","A","statement","partial_wealth","Temporary 5% levy on bank-account balances above EGP 1m; proceeds directed to public-service projects rather than the tax authority.","يفرض ضرائب 5%على كل مواطن يزيد رصيده عن مليون جنيه صافٍ","https://almalnews.com/639725/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AD-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8-5-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89/","سميح ساويرس: طالبت بفرض ضرائب 5% على كل مواطن يزيد رصيده عن مليون جنيه","Al Mal","","E00023"]],"C":[],"UP":[],"vb":null,"O":[["Egypt (country level)","national","in_progress","",["A0001","A0002","A0008","A0009","A0010","A0011","A0012","A0014","A0015","A0017","A0018","A0019","A0020","A0021","A0022"],"Egypt"],["Alexandria Governorate","council","pending","",["A0013"],"Egypt > Alexandria Governorate"],["Gharbiyya Governorate","council","pending","",["A0016"],"Egypt > Gharbiyya Governorate"]],"L":[],"R":[],"R2":[],"legis":[{"id":"B0001","name":"House of Representatives","seats":596,"as_of":"2026-10-28","src":"https://www.parliament.gov.eg/members.aspx","note":"596 seats: 284 individual, 284 list and 28 appointed by the President, elected in late 2025. Who sits is from the House's own list of members in office (parliament.gov.eg); the site gives names in Arabic and the way each seat was filled, not the party, so seats are grouped that way. Unlit seats mean nothing found, never opposition.","parties":[["List",283,"1a5fb4",[]],["Individual",284,"e07a1f",[]],["Appointed",28,"8a8680",[]],["Vacant",1,"",[]]]},{"id":"B0002","name":"Senate of Egypt","seats":300,"as_of":"2026-10-28","src":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98218748","note":"300 seats: 200 elected (100 by list, 100 individual) and 100 appointed by the President, from 2025. No complete list of members could be found (senate.gov.eg did not answer), so this chart shows only the members Wikidata records for the 2025 Senate, about a third; the other seats show as 'Not named', which is not the same as vacant. Unlit seats mean nothing found, never opposition.","parties":[["Party not given",94,"8a8680",[]],["New Wafd Party",2,"8a8680",[]],["Free Egyptians Party",1,"8a8680",[]],["Egyptian Social Democratic Party",1,"8a8680",[]],["National Progressive Unionist Party",1,"8a8680",[]],["Arab Democratic Nasserist Party",1,"8a8680",[]],["Democratic Generation Party",1,"8a8680",[]],["Al-Nour Party",1,"8a8680",[]],["Not named",198,"",[]]]}]}